Dataset Information

The organization and evolution of transfer RNA genes in Mycoplasma capricolum.

ABSTRACT: The genes for presumably all the tRNA species in Mycoplasma capricolum, a derivative of Gram-positive eubacteria, have been cloned and sequenced. There are 30 genes encoding 29 tRNA species. This number is the smallest in all the known genetic systems except for mitochondria. The sequences of 9 tRNA genes of them have been previously reported (1-3). Twenty-two genes are organized in 5 clusters consisting of nine, five, four and two genes (2 sets), respectively. The other eight genes exist as a single transcription unit. All the tRNAs are encoded each by a single gene, except for the occurrence of two tRNA(Lys)(TTT) genes. The arrangement of tRNA genes in the 9-gene cluster, the 5-gene cluster, the 4-gene cluster and one of the 2-gene clusters reveals extensive similarity with a part of the 21-tRNA gene cluster and/or the 16-tRNA gene cluster in Bacillus subtilis, respectively. The results suggest that the present M. capricolum tRNA genes have evolved from large tRNA gene clusters in the ancestral Gram-positive bacterial genome common to M. capricolum and B. subtilis, by discarding genes for redundant as well as non-obligate tRNAs, so that all the codons may be translated by as small a number of tRNAs as possible.

SUBMITTER: Muto A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC332117 | biostudies-other | 1990 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

ACCESS DATA

Publications

The organization and evolution of transfer RNA genes in Mycoplasma capricolum.

Muto A A Andachi Y Y Yuzawa H H Yamao F F Osawa S S

Nucleic acids research 19900901 17

The genes for presumably all the tRNA species in Mycoplasma capricolum, a derivative of Gram-positive eubacteria, have been cloned and sequenced. There are 30 genes encoding 29 tRNA species. This number is the smallest in all the known genetic systems except for mitochondria. The sequences of 9 tRNA genes of them have been previously reported (1-3). Twenty-two genes are organized in 5 clusters consisting of nine, five, four and two genes (2 sets), respectively. The other eight genes exist as a s ...[more]

PMID: 1698277

Similar Datasets

Project description:The region of the genome of Mycoplasma capricolum upstream of the portion encompassing the genes for Enzymes I and IIAglc of the phosphoenolpyruvate:sugar phosphotransferase system (PTS) was cloned and sequenced. Examination of the sequence revealed open reading frames corresponding to numerous genes involved with the oxidation of pyruvate. The deduced gene organization is naox (encoding NADH oxidase)-lplA (encoding lipoate-protein ligase)-odpA (encoding pyruvate dehydrogenase EI alpha)-odpB (encoding pyruvate dehydrogenase EI beta)-odp2(encoding pyruvate dehydrogenase EII)-dldH (encoding dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase)-pta (encoding phosphotransacetylase)-ack (encoding acetate kinase)-orfA (an unknown open reading frame)-kdtB-ptsI-crr. Analysis of the DNA sequence suggests that the naox and lplA genes are part of a single operon, odpA and odpB constitute an additional operon, odp2 and dldH a third operon, and pta and ack an additional transcription unit. Phylogenetic analyses of the protein products of the odpA and odpB genes indicate that they are most similar to the corresponding proteins from Mycoplasma genitalium, Acholeplasma laidlawii, and Gram-positive organisms. The product of the odp2 gene contains a single lipoyl domain, as is the case with the corresponding proteins from M. genitalium and numerous other organisms. An evolutionary tree places the M. capricolum odp2 gene product in close relationship to the corresponding proteins from A. laidlawii and M.genitalium. The dldH gene encodes an unusual form of dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase that contains an aminoterminal extension corresponding to a lipoyl domain, a property shared by the corresponding proteins from Alcaligenes eutrophus and Clostridium magnum. Aside from that feature, the protein is related phylogenetically to the corresponding proteins from A. laidlawii and M. genitalium. The phosphotransacetylase from M. capricolum is related most closely to the corresponding protein from M. genitalium and is distinguished easily from the enzymes from Escherichia coli and Haemophilus influenzae by the absence of the characteristic amino-terminal extension. The acetate kinase from M. capricolum is related evolutionarily to the homologous enzyme from M. genitalium. Map position comparisons of genes encoding proteins involved with pyruvate metabolism show that, whereas all the genes are clustered in M. capricolum, they are scattered in M. genitalium.

Project description:BackgroundMycoplasmas are among the smallest prokaryotic microbes that can grow and proliferate on non-living media. They have reduced genomes, which may be associated with a concomitant reduction in their metabolic capacity. Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae (Mccp) and Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capricolum (Mcc), both belong to the Mycoplasma mycoides cluster, are significant important pathogenic Mycoplasma species in veterinary research field. They share high degree of genome homology but Mcc grows markedly faster and has higher growth titer than Mccp.MethodsThis study investigated the metabolites of these two pathogenic bacteria from the middle and late stages of the logarithmic growth phase through liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based metabolomics and targeted energy metabolomics. The multivariate analysis was conducted to identify significant differences between the two important Mycoplasma species.ResultsA total of 173 metabolites were identified. Of them, 33 and 34 metabolites involved in purine and pyrimidine, pyruvate metabolism, and amino acid synthesis were found to significantly differ in the middle and late stages, respectively. The abundance of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate, ADP, and pyruvate was higher in Mcc than in Mccp during the whole logarithmic period. Lactate was upregulated in slow-growing Mccp. The pH buffering agent N-[2-hydroxyethyl]piperazine-N'-[2-ethanesulfonic acid] added to media effectively prevented pH reduction and increase bacterial viability and protein biomass. The multivariate analysis revealed that the two Mycoplasma species significantly differed in glucose metabolism, growth factor transport and metabolism, cholesterol utilization, and environmental regulation.ConclusionThe study data are beneficial for understanding the metabolomic characteristics of these two crucial Mycoplasma species and shedding more light on mycoplasma metabolism, and serve as a resource for the pathogenesis and development of related vaccines.

Dataset Information

The organization and evolution of transfer RNA genes in Mycoplasma capricolum.

Publications

The organization and evolution of transfer RNA genes in Mycoplasma capricolum.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets