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The associations of multiple dimensions of discrimination and abdominal fat in African American adults: the Jackson Heart Study.

ABSTRACT: Discrimination may be adversely associated with abdominal obesity, but few studies have examined associations with abdominal fat.The purpose of this study was to examine whether discrimination was independently associated with visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous (SAT) fat and whether these associations differed by sex and age.Participants self-reported experiences of everyday and lifetime discrimination. The main reason for and the coping response to these experiences were also reported. VAT and SAT were quantified by computed tomography.In fully adjusted models, higher reports of everyday discrimination were associated with greater SAT, but not VAT, volumes in men only: SAT increased by 3.6 (standard error?=?1.8)?cm(3) for each unit increase in the everyday discrimination score. In women, higher reports of lifetime non-racial discrimination were associated with greater VAT (71.6?±?32.0, P?

SUBMITTER: Hickson DA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3391604 | biostudies-other | 2012 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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The associations of multiple dimensions of discrimination and abdominal fat in African American adults: the Jackson Heart Study.

Hickson DeMarc A DA Lewis Tené T TT Liu Jiankang J Mount David L DL Younge Sinead N SN Jenkins William C WC Sarpong Daniel F DF Williams David R DR

Annals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine 20120201 1

<h4>Background</h4>Discrimination may be adversely associated with abdominal obesity, but few studies have examined associations with abdominal fat.<h4>Purpose</h4>The purpose of this study was to examine whether discrimination was independently associated with visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous (SAT) fat and whether these associations differed by sex and age.<h4>Methods</h4>Participants self-reported experiences of everyday and lifetime discrimination. The main reason for and the coping response t ...[more]

PMID: 22278393

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Project description:Background:African Americans are at high risk for chronic kidney disease (CKD). Obesity may increase the risk for CKD by exacerbating features of the metabolic syndrome and promoting glomerular hyperfiltration. Whether other factors also affecting these pathways may amplify or mitigate obesity-CKD associations has not been investigated. Methods:We studied interactions between obesity and these candidate factors in 2043 African Americans without baseline kidney disease enrolled in the Jackson Heart Study. We quantified obesity as body mass index (BMI), sex-normalized waist circumference and visceral adipose volume measured by abdominal computed tomography at an interim study visit. Interactions were hypothesized with (i) metabolic risk factors (dietary quality and physical activity, both quantified by concordance with American Heart Association guidelines) and (ii) factors exacerbating or mitigating hyperfiltration (dietary protein intake, APOL1 risk status and use of renin-angiotensin system blocking medications). Using multivariable regression, we evaluated associations between obesity measures and incident CKD over the follow-up period, as well as interactions with metabolic and hyperfiltration factors. Results:Assessed after a median of 8?years (range 6-11?years), baseline BMI and waist circumference were not associated with incident CKD. Higher visceral adipose volume was independently associated with incident CKD (P?=?0.008) in a nonlinear fashion, but this effect was limited to those with lower dietary quality (P?=?0.001; P-interaction?=?0.04). In additional interaction models, higher waist circumference was associated with greater risk of incident CKD among those with the low-risk APOL1 genotype (P?=?0.04) but not those with a high-risk genotype (P-interaction?=?0.02). Other proposed factors did not modify obesity-CKD associations. Conclusions. Higher risks associated with metabolically active visceral adipose volume and interactions with dietary quality suggest that metabolic factors may be key determinants of obesity-associated CKD risk. Interactions between obesity and APOL1 genotype should be considered in studies of African Americans.

Dataset Information

The associations of multiple dimensions of discrimination and abdominal fat in African American adults: the Jackson Heart Study.

Publications

The associations of multiple dimensions of discrimination and abdominal fat in African American adults: the Jackson Heart Study.

Similar Datasets

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