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Evoked and intrinsic asymmetries during auditory attention: implications for the contralateral and neglect models of functioning.

ABSTRACT: Unlike the visual system, a direct mapping of extrapersonal space does not exist within human auditory cortex (AC). Thus, models (contralateral bias vs. neglect) of how auditory spatial attention is allocated remain debated, as does the role of hemispheric asymmetries. To further examine these questions, 27 participants completed an exogenous auditory orienting task while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging. Resting-state data were also collected to characterize intrinsic activity within the AC. Current results provide the first evidence of hemispheric specialization in the "where" (right secondary AC) auditory processing stream during both evoked (orienting task) and intrinsic (resting-state data) activity, suggesting that spontaneous and evoked activity may be synchronized by similar cortical hierarchies. Strong evidence for a contralateral bias model was observed during rapid deployment stages (facilitation) of auditory attention in bilateral AC. However, contralateral bias increased for left and decreased for right AC (neglect model) after longer stimulus onset asynchronies (inhibition of return), suggesting a role for higher-order cortical structures in modulating AC functioning. Prime candidates for attentional modulation include the frontoparietal network, which demonstrated right hemisphere lateralization across multiple attentional states.

SUBMITTER: Teshiba TM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3563341 | biostudies-other | 2013 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Evoked and intrinsic asymmetries during auditory attention: implications for the contralateral and neglect models of functioning.

Teshiba Terri M TM Ling Josef J Ruhl David A DA Bedrick Bronwyn S BS Peña Amanda A Mayer Andrew R AR

Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) 20120227 3

Unlike the visual system, a direct mapping of extrapersonal space does not exist within human auditory cortex (AC). Thus, models (contralateral bias vs. neglect) of how auditory spatial attention is allocated remain debated, as does the role of hemispheric asymmetries. To further examine these questions, 27 participants completed an exogenous auditory orienting task while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging. Resting-state data were also collected to characterize intrinsic activity w ...[more]

PMID: 22371310

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Project description:BackgroundAcute stress is a stereotypical, but multimodal response to a present or imminent challenge overcharging an organism. Among the different branches of this multimodal response, the consequences of glucocorticoid secretion have been extensively investigated, mostly in connection with long-term memory (LTM). However, stress responses comprise other endocrine signaling and altered neuronal activity wholly independent of pituitary regulation. To date, knowledge of the impact of such "paracorticoidal" stress responses on higher cognitive functions is scarce. We investigated the impact of an ecological stressor on the ability to direct selective attention using event-related potentials in humans. Based on research in rodents, we assumed that a stress-induced imbalance of catecholaminergic transmission would impair this ability.Methodology/principal findingsThe stressor consisted of a single cold pressor test. Auditory negative difference (Nd) and mismatch negativity (MMN) were recorded in a tonal dichotic listening task. A time series of such tasks confirmed an increased distractibility occurring 4-7 minutes after onset of the stressor as reflected by an attenuated Nd. Salivary cortisol began to rise 8-11 minutes after onset when no further modulations in the event-related potentials (ERP) occurred, thus precluding a causal relationship. This effect may be attributed to a stress-induced activation of mesofrontal dopaminergic projections. It may also be attributed to an activation of noradrenergic projections. Known characteristics of the modulation of ERP by different stress-related ligands were used for further disambiguation of causality. The conjuncture of an attenuated Nd and an increased MMN might be interpreted as indicating a dopaminergic influence. The selective effect on the late portion of the Nd provides another tentative clue for this.Conclusions/significancePrior studies have deliberately tracked the adrenocortical influence on cognition, as it has proven most influential with respect to LTM. However, current cortisol-optimized study designs would have failed to detect the present findings regarding attention.

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Evoked and intrinsic asymmetries during auditory attention: implications for the contralateral and neglect models of functioning.

Publications

Evoked and intrinsic asymmetries during auditory attention: implications for the contralateral and neglect models of functioning.

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