Browse
Submit Data
Databases
API
Help

Dataset Information

0 Views

0 Connections

0 Citations

0 Reanalyses

0 Downloads

Omics score: 0

Toward high-energy-density, high-efficiency, and moderate-temperature chip-scale thermophotovoltaics.

ABSTRACT: The challenging problem of ultra-high-energy-density, high-efficiency, and small-scale portable power generation is addressed here using a distinctive thermophotovoltaic energy conversion mechanism and chip-based system design, which we name the microthermophotovoltaic (μTPV) generator. The approach is predicted to be capable of up to 32% efficient heat-to-electricity conversion within a millimeter-scale form factor. Although considerable technological barriers need to be overcome to reach full performance, we have performed a robust experimental demonstration that validates the theoretical framework and the key system components. Even with a much-simplified μTPV system design with theoretical efficiency prediction of 2.7%, we experimentally demonstrate 2.5% efficiency. The μTPV experimental system that was built and tested comprises a silicon propane microcombustor, an integrated high-temperature photonic crystal selective thermal emitter, four 0.55-eV GaInAsSb thermophotovoltaic diodes, and an ultra-high-efficiency maximum power-point tracking power electronics converter. The system was demonstrated to operate up to 800 °C (silicon microcombustor temperature) with an input thermal power of 13.7 W, generating 344 mW of electric power over a 1-cm(2) area.

SUBMITTER: Chan WR

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3619342 | biostudies-other | 2013 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

ACCESS DATA

Json Xml

Similar Datasets

High-efficiency rare cell identification on a high-density self-assembled cell arrangement chip.

Project description:Detection of individual target cells among a large amount of blood cells is a major challenge in clinical diagnosis and laboratory protocols. Many researches show that two dimensional cells array technology can be incorporated into routine laboratory procedures for continuously and quantitatively measuring the dynamic behaviours of large number of living cells in parallel, while allowing other manipulations such as staining, rinsing, and even retrieval of targeted cells. In this study, we present a high-density cell self-assembly technology capable of quickly spreading over 300 000 cells to form a dense mono- to triple-layer cell arrangement in 5 min with minimal stacking of cells by the gentle incorporation of gravity and peripheral micro flow. With this self-assembled cell arrangement (SACA) chip technology, common fluorescent microscopy and immunofluorescence can be utilized for detecting and analyzing target cells after immuno-staining. Validated by experiments with real human peripheral blood samples, the SACA chip is suitable for detecting rare cells in blood samples with a ratio lower than 1/100 000. The identified cells can be isolated and further cultured in-situ on a chip for follow-on research and analysis. Furthermore, this technology does not require external mechanical devices, such as pump and valves, which simplifies operation and reduces system complexity and cost. The SACA chip offers a high-efficient, economical, yet simple scheme for identification and analysis of rare cells. Therefore, potentially SACA chip may provide a feasible and economical platform for rare cell detection in the clinic.

| S-EPMC4032428 | biostudies-other

Three-Stage Method Energy–Mass Coupling High-Efficiency Utilization Process of High-Temperature Molten Steel Slag

Project description:High-temperature molten steel slag is a large amount of industrial solid waste containing available heat energy and resources. This paper introduces an efficient and comprehensive utilization process of high-temperature molten steel slag. The waste heat energy in the high-temperature molten steel slag can be fully recovered through the three-stage heat exchange. Through mass balance and energy balance, the theoretical heat recovery rate can reach 81.42 pct when the waste heat stored in steel slag is converted into usable heat energy, and the exergy efficiency of the overall system is 27.93 pct. When the waste heat stored in the steel slag is converted for electric energy, the theoretical heat recovery rate can reach 24.49 pct, and the exergy efficiency of the overall system is 33.83 pct. When the waste heat stored in steel slag is used for cogeneration, the theoretical heat recovery rate can reach 83.98 pct, and the exergy efficiency of the overall system is 38 pct. The normal-temperature solid steel slag produced by the process is easy for iron selection and subsequent high value-added utilization. The solidification of steel slag in this process consumes a large amount of CO2 so that the free calcium oxide (f-CaO) in the steel slag is fixed, which is more conducive to subsequent utilization, thereby achieving the purpose of energy saving and emission reduction. Compared with the utilization of traditional steel slag, this process can better utilize the energy and resources contained in steel slag and provides a new method for fully utilizing the waste heat energy and resource attributes of high-temperature molten steel slag. Supplementary Information The online version of this article (10.1007/s11663-021-02213-7).

| S-EPMC8202223 | biostudies-literature

Toward High-Energy-Density Aqueous Lithium-Ion Batteries Using Silver Nanowires as Current Collectors.

Project description:The lack of suitable lightweight current collectors is one of the primary obstacles preventing the energy density of aqueous lithium-ion batteries (ALIBs) from becoming competitive. Using silver nanowire (AgNW) films as current collectors and a molecular crowding electrolyte, we herein report the fabrication of ALIBs with relatively good energy densities. In the 2 m LiTFSI-94% PEG-6% H2O solution, the AgNW films with a sheet resistance of less than 1.0 ohm/square exhibited an electrochemical stability window as broad as 3.8 V. The LiMn2O4//Li4Ti5O12 ALIBs using AgNW films as the current collectors demonstrated an initial energy density of 70 Wh/kg weighed by the total mass of the cathode and anode, which retained 89.1% after 50 cycles.

| S-EPMC9736977 | biostudies-literature

3D printed high density, reversible, chip-to-chip microfluidic interconnects.

Project description:Our latest developments in miniaturizing 3D printed microfluidics [Gong et al., Lab Chip, 2016, 16, 2450; Gong et al., Lab Chip, 2017, 17, 2899] offer the opportunity to fabricate highly integrated chips that measure only a few mm on a side. For such small chips, an interconnection method is needed to provide the necessary world-to-chip reagent and pneumatic connections. In this paper, we introduce simple integrated microgaskets (SIMs) and controlled-compression integrated microgaskets (CCIMs) to connect a small device chip to a larger interface chip that implements world-to-chip connections. SIMs or CCIMs are directly 3D printed as part of the device chip, and therefore no additional materials or components are required to make the connection to the larger 3D printed interface chip. We demonstrate 121 chip-to-chip interconnections in an 11 × 11 array for both SIMs and CCIMs with an areal density of 53 interconnections per mm2 and show that they withstand fluid pressures of 50 psi. We further demonstrate their reusability by testing the devices 100 times without seal failure. Scaling experiments show that 20 × 20 interconnection arrays are feasible and that the CCIM areal density can be increased to 88 interconnections per mm2. We then show the utility of spatially distributed discrete CCIMs by using an interconnection chip with 28 chip-to-world interconnects to test 45 3D printed valves in a 9 × 5 array. Each valve is only 300 ?m in diameter (the smallest yet reported for 3D printed valves). Every row of 5 valves is tested to at least 10?000 actuations, with one row tested to 1?000?000 actuations. In all cases, there is no sign of valve failure, and the CCIM interconnections prove an effective means of using a single interface chip to test a series of valve array chips.

| S-EPMC5811381 | biostudies-literature

Advanced intermediate temperature sodium-nickel chloride batteries with ultra-high energy density.

Project description:Sodium-metal halide batteries have been considered as one of the more attractive technologies for stationary electrical energy storage, however, they are not used for broader applications despite their relatively well-known redox system. One of the roadblocks hindering market penetration is the high-operating temperature. Here we demonstrate that planar sodium-nickel chloride batteries can be operated at an intermediate temperature of 190?°C with ultra-high energy density. A specific energy density of 350?Wh?kg(-1), higher than that of conventional tubular sodium-nickel chloride batteries (280?°C), is obtained for planar sodium-nickel chloride batteries operated at 190?°C over a long-term cell test (1,000 cycles), and it attributed to the slower particle growth of the cathode materials at the lower operating temperature. Results reported here demonstrate that planar sodium-nickel chloride batteries operated at an intermediate temperature could greatly benefit this traditional energy storage technology by improving battery energy density, cycle life and reducing material costs.

| S-EPMC4753253 | biostudies-other

Giant energy-storage density with ultrahigh efficiency in lead-free relaxors via high-entropy design.

Project description:Next-generation advanced high/pulsed power capacitors rely heavily on dielectric ceramics with high energy storage performance. However, thus far, the huge challenge of realizing ultrahigh recoverable energy storage density (Wrec) accompanied by ultrahigh efficiency (η) still existed and has become a key bottleneck restricting the development of dielectric materials in cutting-edge energy storage applications. Here, we propose a high-entropy strategy to design "local polymorphic distortion" including rhombohedral-orthorhombic-tetragonal-cubic multiphase nanoclusters and random oxygen octahedral tilt, resulting in ultrasmall polar nanoregions, an enhanced breakdown electric field, and delayed polarization saturation. A giant Wrec ~10.06 J cm-3 is realized in lead-free relaxor ferroelectrics, especially with an ultrahigh η ~90.8%, showing breakthrough progress in the comprehensive energy storage performance for lead-free bulk ceramics. This work opens up an effective avenue to design dielectric materials with ultrahigh comprehensive energy storage performance to meet the demanding requirements of advanced energy storage applications.

| S-EPMC9163056 | biostudies-literature

A versatile snap chip for high-density sub-nanoliter chip-to-chip reagent transfer.

Project description:The coordinated delivery of minute amounts of different reagents is important for microfluidics and microarrays, but is dependent on advanced equipment such as microarrayers. Previously, we developed the snap chip for the direct transfer of reagents, thus realizing fluidic operations by only manipulating microscope slides. However, owing to the misalignment between arrays spotted on different slides, millimeter spacing was needed between spots and the array density was limited. In this work, we have developed a novel double transfer method and have transferred 625 spots cm(-2), corresponding to >10000 spots for a standard microscope slide. A user-friendly snapping system was manufactured to make liquid handling straightforward. Misalignment, which for direct transfer ranged from 150-250 ?m, was reduced to <40 ?m for double transfer. The snap chip was used to quantify 50 proteins in 16 samples simultaneously, yielding limits of detection in the pg/mL range for 35 proteins. The versatility of the snap chip is illustrated with a 4-plex homogenous enzyme inhibition assay analyzing 128 conditions with precise timing. The versatility and high density of the snap chip with double transfer allows for the development of high throughput reagent transfer protocols compatible with a variety of applications.

| S-EPMC4493572 | biostudies-literature

High density GaN/AlN quantum dots for deep UV LED with high quantum efficiency and temperature stability.

Project description:High internal efficiency and high temperature stability ultraviolet (UV) light-emitting diodes (LEDs) at 308 nm were achieved using high density (2.5 × 10(9) cm(-2)) GaN/AlN quantum dots (QDs) grown by MOVPE. Photoluminescence shows the characteristic behaviors of QDs: nearly constant linewidth and emission energy, and linear dependence of the intensity with varying excitation power. More significantly, the radiative recombination was found to dominant from 15 to 300 K, with a high internal quantum efficiency of 62% even at room temperature.

| S-EPMC4046137 | biostudies-other

High therapeutic efficiency of magnetic hyperthermia in xenograft models achieved with moderate temperature dosages in the tumor area.

Project description:PurposeTumor cells can be effectively inactivated by heating mediated by magnetic nanoparticles. However, optimized nanomaterials to supply thermal stress inside the tumor remain to be identified. The present study investigates the therapeutic effects of magnetic hyperthermia induced by superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles on breast (MDA-MB-231) and pancreatic cancer (BxPC-3) xenografts in mice in vivo.MethodsSuperparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles, synthesized either via an aqueous (MF66; average core size 12 nm) or an organic route (OD15; average core size 15 nm) are analyzed in terms of their specific absorption rate (SAR), cell uptake and their effectivity in in vivo hyperthermia treatment.ResultsExceptionally high SAR values ranging from 658 ± 53 W*gFe (-1) for OD15 up to 900 ± 22 W*gFe (-1) for MF66 were determined in an alternating magnetic field (AMF, H = 15.4 kA*m(-1) (19 mT), f = 435 kHz). Conversion of SAR values into system-independent intrinsic loss power (ILP, 6.4 ± 0.5 nH*m(2)*kg(-1) (OD15) and 8.7 ± 0.2 nH*m(2)*kg(-1) (MF66)) confirmed the markedly high heating potential compared to recently published data. Magnetic hyperthermia after intratumoral nanoparticle injection results in dramatically reduced tumor volume in both cancer models, although the applied temperature dosages measured as CEM43T90 (cumulative equivalent minutes at 43°C) are only between 1 and 24 min. Histological analysis of magnetic hyperthermia treated tumor tissue exhibit alterations in cell viability (apoptosis and necrosis) and show a decreased cell proliferation.ConclusionsConcluding, the studied magnetic nanoparticles lead to extensive cell death in human tumor xenografts and are considered suitable platforms for future hyperthermic studies.

| S-EPMC4224751 | biostudies-literature

High Energy Density and Temperature Stability in PVDF/PMMA <i>via In Situ</i> Polymerization Blending.

Project description:Dielectrics with improved energy density have long-standing demand for miniature and lightweight energy storage capacitors for electrical and electronic systems. Recently, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)-based ferroelectric polymers have shown attractive energy storage performance, such as high dielectric permittivity and high breakdown strength, and are regarded as one of the most promising candidates. However, the non-negligible energy loss and inferior temperature stability of PVDF-based polymers deteriorated the energy storage performance or even the thermal runaway, which could be ascribed to vulnerable amorphous regions at elevated temperatures. Herein, a new strategy was proposed to achieve high energy density and high temperature stability simultaneously of PVDF/PMMA blends by in situ polymerization. The rigidity of the amorphous region was ideally strengthened by in situ polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) monomers in a PVDF matrix to obtain PVDF/PMMA blends. The atomic force microscopic study of the microstructure of etched films showed the ultra-homogenous distribution of PMMA with high glass transition temperature in the PVDF matrix. Consequently, the temperature variation was remarkably decreased, while the high polarization response was maintained. Accordingly, the high energy density of ∼8 J/cm3 with ∼80% efficiency was achieved between 30 and 90 °C in PVDF/PMMA films with 39-62% PMMA content, outperforming most of the dielectric polymers. Our work could provide a general solution to substantially optimize the temperature stability of dielectric polymers for energy storage applications and other associated functions.

| S-EPMC9161359 | biostudies-literature

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

OmicsDI is an Elixir interoperability service. Learn more ›

Tweets

OmicsDI Databases

PRIDE
PeptideAtlas
MassIVE
JPOST Repository
Physiome Model Repository

EGA
EVA
ENA
LINCS
PAXDB
Cell Collective

MetaboLights
Metabolomics Workbench
MetabolomeExpress
GNPS
BioModels
FAIRDOMHub

ArrayExpress
dbGaP
ExpressionAtlas
GEO
NODE

Information

Databases
Help
API
Contact us
Code on GitHub
Terms of use
Submit Data