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Usefulness of ultrasonography in assessment of laryngeal carcinoma.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonography in assessing laryngeal cancer. METHODS: 72 patients with laryngeal carcinoma proven by surgery and pathology were enrolled. The pre-therapeutic ultrasonography and CT images were retrospectively evaluated, including tumour detection, localisation and invasion of intra- and extralaryngeal structures. A comparative assessment was made between the detection rate, correspondence rate of localisation and sensitivity and specificity of ultrasonography and CT. The mobility of the larynx was observed on real-time ultrasonography and compared with laryngoscopy. RESULTS: The detection rate of ultrasonography [63 (87.5%)/72] was lower than that of CT [72 (100.0%)/72] (p=0.006). The primary foci were accurately located in 59 (93.7%) of 63 lesions using ultrasonography compared with 70 (97.2%) of 72 lesions using CT (p=0.392). In the evaluation of invasion, the sensitivity and specificity of ultrasonography were similar to that of CT in most of the intra- and extralaryngeal structures (p=0.059-1.000). A higher specificity was obtained during the assessment of the paraglottic space involvement when using ultrasonography than CT (94.9% vs 66.7%, p=0.001). For vocal cord fixation, no statistical difference was found between ultrasonography and laryngoscopy (p=0.223). CONCLUSION: Ultrasonography could be used as a valuable supplementary imaging method to CT and laryngoscopy in the assessment of laryngeal carcinoma, even in male adults with some calcifications of the thyroid cartilage. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE: Our study demonstrates that ultrasonography, which has been used scarcely in the larynx, could supply useful information on the detection, localisation and intra- and extralaryngeal invasion of laryngeal carcinoma.

SUBMITTER: Xia CX

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3798336 | biostudies-other | 2013 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Project description:IntroductionThyroid ultrasound (US) is crucial for clinical decision in the management of thyroid nodules. In this cross-sectional study, we aimed to test if the evaluation of thyroid nodules' vascularization could improve the risk stratification ability of the American College of Radiology (ACR) TI-RADS classification system.MethodsA total of 873 thyroid nodules undergoing fine-needle aspiration were classified according to ACR TI-RADS US classification. Three types of vascularization were identified: type 0, no vascular signals; type 1, peripheral vascular signals; type 2, peripheral and intralesional vascular signals. Cytology specimens were evaluated conforming to the Italian Reporting System for Thyroid Cytology, and TIR3b, TIR4, and TIR5 were defined as high risk for malignancy. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) and the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC-AUC) for high-risk cytology categories were calculated.ResultsThe 3 vascular patterns were differently distributed within the cytology categories: 52.4% of TIR1c, 15.9% of TIR2, 5.9% of TIR3a, 6.7% of TIR3b, 12.5% of TIR4, and 28.9% of TIR5 nodules had no vascular signals (p < 0.001). Nodule vascularity alone was not associated with a higher risk of malignant cytology (OR [95% CI] 0.75 [0.43-1.32], p = 0.32), without differences between peripheral (OR [95% CI] 0.65 [0.35-1.20]) and intranodular (OR [95% CI] 0.88 [0.48-1.62]) vascularization (p = 0.22). The ROC-AUC (95% CI) for the diagnosis of malignant cytology was similar when considering TI-RADS classification alone (0.736 [0.684-0.786]) and when considering TI-RADS classification plus the presence/absence of vascular signals (0.736 [0.683-0.789], p value for differences between the ROC-AUCs: 0.91). Among TR1, TR2, and TR3 TI-RADS classes, no nodules without vascular signals showed a malignant cytology, allowing the identification of nodules with benign cytology with 100% specificity within these US classes.ConclusionsColor Doppler study of thyroid nodules does not improve the risk stratification ability of the ACR TI-RADS US classification system.

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Usefulness of ultrasonography in assessment of laryngeal carcinoma.

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