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Osteogenic response of human mesenchymal stem cells to well-defined nanoscale topography in vitro.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Patterning medical devices at the nanoscale level enables the manipulation of cell behavior and tissue regeneration, with topographic features recognized as playing a significant role in the osseointegration of implantable devices. METHODS: In this study, we assessed the ability of titanium-coated hemisphere-like topographic nanostructures of different sizes (approximately 50, 100, and 200 nm) to influence the morphology, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). RESULTS: We found that the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs was influenced by the size of the underlying structures, suggesting that size variations in topographic features at the nanoscale level, independently of chemistry, can be exploited to control hMSC behavior in a size-dependent fashion. CONCLUSION: Our studies demonstrate that colloidal lithography, in combination with coating technologies, can be exploited to investigate the cell response to well defined nanoscale topography and to develop next-generation surfaces that guide tissue regeneration and promote implant integration.

SUBMITTER: de Peppo GM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4039423 | biostudies-other | 2014

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Osteogenic response of human mesenchymal stem cells to well-defined nanoscale topography in vitro.

de Peppo Giuseppe Maria GM Agheli Hossein H Karlsson Camilla C Ekström Karin K Brisby Helena H Lennerås Maria M Gustafsson Stefan S Sjövall Peter P Johansson Anna A Olsson Eva E Lausmaa Jukka J Thomsen Peter P Petronis Sarunas S

International journal of nanomedicine 20140522

<h4>Background</h4>Patterning medical devices at the nanoscale level enables the manipulation of cell behavior and tissue regeneration, with topographic features recognized as playing a significant role in the osseointegration of implantable devices.<h4>Methods</h4>In this study, we assessed the ability of titanium-coated hemisphere-like topographic nanostructures of different sizes (approximately 50, 100, and 200 nm) to influence the morphology, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of ...[more]

PMID: 24904210

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Project description:Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can differentiate into mineralizing cells and are, therefore, expected to be useful for bone regenerative medicine; however, the characteristics of iPSC-derived osteogenic cells remain unclear. Here, we provide a direct in vitro comparison of the osteogenic differentiation process in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and iPSCs from adult C57BL/6J mice. After 30 days of culture in osteogenic medium, both MSCs and iPSCs produced robustly mineralized bone nodules that contained abundant calcium phosphate with hydroxyapatite crystal formation. Mineral deposition was significantly higher in iPSC cultures than in MSC cultures. Scanning electron microscopy revealed budding matrix vesicles in early osteogenic iPSCs; subsequently, the vesicles propagated to exhibit robust mineralization without rich fibrous structures. Early osteogenic MSCs showed deposition of many matrix vesicles in abundant collagen fibrils that became solid mineralized structures. Both cell types demonstrated increased expression of osteogenic marker genes, such as runx2, osterix, dlx5, bone sialoprotein (BSP), and osteocalcin, during osteogenesis; however, real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction array analysis revealed that osteogenesis-related genes encoding mineralization-associated molecules, bone morphogenetic proteins, and extracellular matrix collagens were differentially expressed between iPSCs and MSCs. These data suggest that iPSCs are capable of differentiation into mature osteoblasts whose associated hydroxyapatite has a crystal structure similar to that of MSC-associated hydroxyapatite; however, the transcriptional differences between iPSCs and MSCs could result in differences in the mineral and matrix environments of the bone nodules. Determining the biological mechanisms underlying cell-specific differences in mineralization during in vitro iPSC osteogenesis may facilitate the development of clinically effective engineered bone.

Dataset Information

Osteogenic response of human mesenchymal stem cells to well-defined nanoscale topography in vitro.

Publications

Osteogenic response of human mesenchymal stem cells to well-defined nanoscale topography in vitro.

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