Estimation of hypertension risk from lifestyle factors and health profile: a case study.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Zheng Z
PROVIDER: S-EPMC4082887 | biostudies-other | 2014
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other
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Project description:The overall objective of the heritage project is to study the role of the genotype in cardiovascular,metabolic and hormonal responses to aerobic exercise training and the contribution of regular exercise to changes in several cardiovascular disease and diabetes risk factors. The study cohort in this analysis consists of 473 Caucasian subjects (230 male and 243 female) from 99 nuclear families who completed M-bM-^IM-%58 of the prescribed 60 exercise-training sessions.The phenotypic expression of each individualM-bM-^@M-^Ys genotype is assessed under two well-defined environmental conditions, the pre- and post-training conditions. Here we have made the pre-training data available as used in the article Phillips BE, Williams JP, Gustafsson T, Bouchard C, Rankinen T, et al. (2013) Molecular Networks of Human Muscle Adaptation to Exercise and Age. PLoS Genet 9(3): e1003389. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1003389 52 U133+2 profiles (17M-bM-^@M-^S63 yr) generated from pre-exercise muscle biopsy samples from the HERITAGE Family Study. Heritage_pre dataset.
2013-06-12 | E-GEOD-47874 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The overall objective of the heritage project is to study the role of the genotype in cardiovascular,metabolic and hormonal responses to aerobic exercise training and the contribution of regular exercise to changes in several cardiovascular disease and diabetes risk factors. PLEASE NOTE THE POST-TRAINING GENE CHIP FILES HAVE NEVER BEEN RELEASED ON GEO. PLEASE ALSO NOTE THAT DUE TO THE OUTDATED INSULIN ASSAY UTILISED IN THE HERITAGE STUDY, THE INSULIN DATA WAS NOT COMPARABLE WITH ANY MORE RECENT MODERN STUDIES.
2013-06-12 | GSE47874 | GEO
Project description:BackgroundHealth literacy has been concerned a key factor for determining the use of health information and promoting health. The study aimed to explore adolescent health literacy, health-promoting lifestyle profile, and health status and related factors.MethodsA cross-sectional study design was used; 918 first year junior college students were recruited in Taiwan. The measurements were the Chinese Health Literacy Survey Questionnaire (HLS-C-Q), the Chinese Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile (HPLP-S), and the Health Status Questionnaire.ResultsThe mean score for health literacy was 36.15 (±6.21), with 30.17% of the participants having insufficient or problematic health literacy. Further, 19.9% of participants were obese and 11.2% experienced emotional instability. Health literacy and health-promoting lifestyle profile showed significant positive and negative correlations with perceived health status and depression, respectively (p < 0.05). An exercise frequency of ≥3 times/week was a predictor of health literacy, health-promoting lifestyle profile, and emotional stability.ConclusionsAdolescent health literacy, health-promoting lifestyle profile, and health status require careful consideration. In adolescents, developing regular exercise may increase health literacy, thereby developing healthy lifestyle profiles and ameliorating obesity and depression-related issues.
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Project description:To identify risk factors for idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) in men.Case-control study. A 96-item telephone questionnaire, answered retrospectively, with cases recalling at the age of their diagnosis and controls recalling at the age of their corresponding case's diagnosis.Outpatient clinics in two US tertiary care centers.The characteristics of 24 men with IIH were compared to those of 48 controls matched for sex, age, race, and World Health Organization body mass index (BMI) category.Two previously validated questionnaires: the ADAM (Androgen Deficiency in Aging Males) questionnaire for testosterone deficiency and the Berlin questionnaire for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), embedded within the telephone questionnaire. Analysis with Mantel-Haenszel odds ratios and mixed-effects logistic regression models accounted for matching.Cases and controls had similar enrollment matching characteristics. Although matching was successful by BMI category, there was a small difference between BMI values of cases and controls (cases: median 31.7, controls: median 29.9; p=0.03). After adjustment by BMI value, men with IIH were significantly more likely than controls to have a positive ADAM questionnaire for testosterone deficiency (OR: 17.4, 95% CI: 5.6-54.5; p<0.001) and significantly more likely to have either a positive Berlin questionnaire for OSA or history of diagnosed OSA (OR: 4.4, 95% CI: 1.5-12.9; p=0.03).Men with IIH are more likely than controls to have symptoms associated with testosterone deficiency and OSA. These associations suggest a possible role for sex hormones and OSA in the pathogenesis of IIH in men.
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Project description:IntroductionParkinson's disease (PD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disease likely caused by complex interactions between genetic and environmental risk factors. Exposure to pesticides, toxic metals, solvents, and history of traumatic brain injury have been implicated as environmental risk factors for PD, underscoring the importance of identifying risk factors associated with PD across different communities.MethodsWe conducted a questionnaire-based case-control study in a rural area on the New Hampshire/Vermont border, enrolling PD patients and age- and sex-matched controls from the general population between 2017 and 2020. We assessed frequent participation in a variety of recreational and occupational activities and surveyed potential chemical exposures.ResultsSuffering from "head trauma or a concussion" prior to diagnosis was associated with a fourfold increased risk of PD. Adjustment for head trauma negated any risk of participation in "strenuous athletic activities." We observed a 2.7-fold increased risk of PD associated with activities involving lead (adjusted p=0.038).ConclusionImplicating these factors in PD risk favors public health efforts in exposure mitigation while also motivating future work mechanisms and intervention opportunities.
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Project description:Aim and backgroundEnvironmental exposures are known to play a role in the development of cancer, including breast cancer. There are known associations of breast cancer with environmental factors such as sunlight exposure, diet and exercise and alcohol consumption as well as physiological factors. This study examines the prevalence of risk factors for breast cancer related to dietary intake, environment and lifestyle in the female population of Malta. Malta has had little research in this area, and therefore an exploratory study was carried out.MethodsA retrospective case-control design was applied. Two hundred cases and 403 controls were included. Both cases and controls were subjects without a known family history for breast cancer. Controls were age-matched to cases in an age-decade category roughly at a 2:1 ratio. Interviews were carried out face-to-face using a questionnaire designed by Maltese and Sicilian researchers, encompassing various factors including diet, lifestyle, physiological factors and medical history. Breast cancer risk was then analysed using both univariate and multivariate analyses. For factors having a metric scale, the Mann-Whitney test was used to compare mean scores, while for categorical factors, the chi-square test was used to compare percentages between the case and control groups. Statistical modelling was carried out using binary logistic regression to relate the likelihood of breast cancer to over 50 risk/protective factors analysed collectively.ResultsUnivariate analysis showed around 20 parameters of interest, 14 of which were statistically significant at a 0.05 level of significance. Logistic regression analysis identified 11 predictors of interest that were statistically significant. Tomato, coffee and canned meat consumption were associated with lower likelihood of breast cancer (OR?=?0.988, 0.901, 0.892, respectively), whereas beans and cabbage consumption and low sodium salt were positively associated with breast cancer (OR?=?1.045, 1.834, 1.028, respectively). Premenopausal status was associated with a lower risk of breast cancer compared to postmenopausal status (OR?=?0.067). Not having experienced myocardial infarction was associated with lower odds of breast cancer (OR?=?0.331). Increased height was also found to have a strong association with risk of breast cancer, with the odds of having breast cancer increasing for every centimetre increase in height (OR?=?1.048). In terms of quantity, odds of having breast cancer were lower in those exposed to sunlight (OR?=?0.891). The odds of having breast cancer were also lower in those not using the oral contraceptive pill (OR?=?0.454).ConclusionsVarious factors in this exploratory study were found to be associated with development of breast cancer. While causal conclusions cannot be made, tomato consumption is of particular interest, as these results corroborate findings found in other studies. A negative association of breast cancer with sunlight exposure and oral contraceptive pill use corroborates findings in other studies. Other associations with dietary intake can be explained by dietary changes. More robust studies in this area, including possible longitudinal studies, are warranted.
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Project description:ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to measure the association between uterine fibroids (UFs) and several risk factors (parity, miscarriage, diabetes, hypertension, physical activity, smoking, family history of UF and contraceptive pill use) among Saudi women.MethodsA case-control study was conducted in 478 women at two medical centers in Riyadh. Cases were confirmed by ultrasound. Demographic and risk factor information was collected from interviews and medical records. The prevalence of risk factors was calculated with 95% confidence interval (CI). Unconditional logistic regression analysis was used to measure the associations between UFs and the risk factors.ResultsMore than half the participants were obese. The average body mass index (BMI) was 31.2 (±6.81) for cases and 29.4 (±7.02) for controls. Women 40 years or older had four times the odds of UFs than women younger than 40 years (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 4.24, 95% CI = 2.63, 6.85). Having a family history of UFs was associated with 69% greater odds of UFs (AOR = 1.69, 95% CI = 1.02, 2.81). Being obese was associated with 74% greater odds of UFs (AOR = 1.74, 95% CI = 1.00, 2.59), whereas previous live births decreased the odds of UFs by 62% (AOR = 0.38, 95% CI = 0.19, 0.75).ConclusionsThis study identified risk factors associated with UFs in the Saudi population. Age over 40 years, obesity and a family history of UFs are important risk factors for UF, whereas parity appears to be protective against UF development in Saudi women. Early recognition of these risk factors is important to prevent UF complications.
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Project description:BackgroundIncidence of gastric cancer is the highest in Eastern Asia. Multiple modifiable lifestyle factors have been identified as risk factors for gastric cancer. However, their aggregated effect on the risk of gastric cancer has not been examined among populations with high prevalence of Helicobacter pylori.MethodsA study was conducted to examine the association between multiple lifestyle factors together and the risk of developing gastric adenocarcinoma in the Singapore Chinese Health Study, a prospective cohort of 63?257 men and women between 45 and 74 years enroled during 1993-1998. Composite score of cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, obesity, dietary pattern, and sodium intake at baseline was assessed with hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of gastric adenocarcinoma using Cox regression method.ResultsHigher healthy composite lifestyle scores were significantly associated with reduced risk of gastric adenocarcinoma in a dose-dependent manner. Hazard ratios (95% CIs) for total, cardia, and non-cardia gastric adenocarcinoma for the highest (score 5) vs lowest composite score (score 0/1/2) were 0.42 (0.31-0.57), 0.22 (0.10-0.47), and 0.55 (0.39-0.78), respectively (all Ptrend<0.001). These lifestyles together accounted for 48% of total gastric adenocarcinoma cases in the study population. The inverse association was observed in both genders, and remained after exclusion of first 5 years of follow-up.ConclusionsThe inverse association between the aggregated healthy lifestyle factors and the risk of gastric adenocarcinoma is in dose-dependent manner in this highly H. pylori-exposed population. These lifestyle factors together may account for up to half of disease burden in this study population.
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Project description:Suicidal behaviour remains challenging for clinicians to predict, with few established risk factors and warning signs among psychiatric patients.We aimed to describe characteristics and identify risk factors for suicide attempts among patients with psychiatric disorders.Multivariable logistic regression analysis, adjusted for clinically important confounders, was employed to determine risk factors for suicide attempts within a psychiatric patient population.The case (n = 146) and control groups (n = 104) did not differ significantly with regards to sociodemographic characteristics. The majority of the participants who had attempted suicide did so with high intent to die, and expected to die without medical intervention. The primary method of attempt was pharmaceutical overdose among the case participants (73.3%). Results showed impulsivity (odds ratio [OR] = 1.15, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.03-1.30) and borderline personality symptoms (OR = 1.07, 95% CI = 1.01-1.13) were significantly associated with attempted suicide.Our findings indicate that known sociodemographic risk factors for suicide may not apply within psychiatric populations. Prevention strategies for suicidal behaviour in psychiatric patients may be effective, including limited access to means for suicide attempts (i.e. excess pharmaceutical drugs) and target screening for high-risk personality and impulsivity traits.
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Project description:Background: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive, fatal neurodegenerative disease of the motor neurons. The etiology of ALS remains largely unknown, particularly with reference to the potential environmental determinants. Methods: We performed a population-based case-control study in four provinces from both Northern and Southern Italy in order to assess non-genetic ALS risk factors by collecting through tailored questionnaires information about clinical and lifestyle factors. We estimated ALS risk by calculating odds ratio (OR) with its 95% confidence interval (CI) using unconditional logistic regression models adjusted for sex, age and educational attainment. Results: We recruited 230 participants (95 cases and 135 controls). We found a possible positive association of ALS risk with trauma, particularly head trauma (OR = 2.61, 95% CI 1.19-5.72), electric shock (OR = 2.09, 95% CI 0.62-7.06), and some sports, although at a competitive level only. In addition, our results suggest an increased risk for subjects reporting use of private wells for drinking water (OR = 1.38, 95% CI 0.73-2.27) and for use of herbicides during gardening (OR = 1.95, 95% CI 0.88-2.27). Conversely, there was a suggestion of an inverse association with overall fish consumption (OR = 0.27, 95% CI 0.12-0.60), but with no dose-response relation. Consumption of some dietary supplements, namely those containing amino acids and, in the Southern Italy population, vitamins and minerals such as selenium, seemed associated with a statistically imprecise increased risk. Conclusions: Our results suggest a potential etiologic role a number of clinical and lifestyle factors with ALS risk. However, caution is needed due to some study limitations. These include the small sample size and the low number of exposed subjects, which affect statistical precision of risk estimates, the potential for exposure misclassification, and the uncertainties about mechanisms underpinning the possible association between these factors and disease risk.
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