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Sleep duration and age-related changes in brain structure and cognitive performance.

ABSTRACT: STUDY OBJECTIVES: To investigate the contribution of sleep duration and quality to age-related changes in brain structure and cognitive performance in relatively healthy older adults. DESIGN: Community-based longitudinal brain and cognitive aging study using a convenience sample. SETTING: Participants were studied in a research laboratory. PARTICIPANTS: Relatively healthy adults aged 55 y and older at study commencement. INTERVENTIONS: N/A. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: Participants underwent magnetic resonance imaging and neuropsychological assessment every 2 y. Subjective assessments of sleep duration and quality and blood samples were obtained. Each hour of reduced sleep duration at baseline augmented the annual expansion rate of the ventricles by 0.59% (P = 0.007) and the annual decline rate in global cognitive performance by 0.67% (P = 0.050) in the subsequent 2 y after controlling for the effects of age, sex, education, and body mass index. In contrast, global sleep quality at baseline did not modulate either brain or cognitive aging. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein, a marker of systemic inflammation, showed no correlation with baseline sleep duration, brain structure, or cognitive performance. CONCLUSIONS: In healthy older adults, short sleep duration is associated with greater age-related brain atrophy and cognitive decline. These associations are not associated with elevated inflammatory responses among short sleepers. CITATION: Lo JC, Loh KK, Zheng H, Sim SK, Chee MW. Sleep duration and age-related changes in brain structure and cognitive performance.

SUBMITTER: Lo JC

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4098802 | biostudies-other | 2014 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Sleep duration and age-related changes in brain structure and cognitive performance.

Lo June C JC Loh Kep Kee KK Zheng Hui H Sim Sam K Y SK Chee Michael W L MW

Sleep 20140701 7

<h4>Study objectives</h4>To investigate the contribution of sleep duration and quality to age-related changes in brain structure and cognitive performance in relatively healthy older adults.<h4>Design</h4>Community-based longitudinal brain and cognitive aging study using a convenience sample.<h4>Setting</h4>Participants were studied in a research laboratory.<h4>Participants</h4>Relatively healthy adults aged 55 y and older at study commencement.<h4>Interventions</h4>N/A.<h4>Measurements and resu ...[more]

PMID: 25061245

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Project description:Background: Age-related cognitive deficits negatively affect quality of life and can presage serious neurodegenerative disorders. Despite sleep disruption’s well-recognized negative influence on cognition, and its prevalence with age, surprisingly few studies have tested sleep’s relationship to cognitive aging. Methodology: We measured sleep stages in young adult and aged F344 rats during inactive (enhanced sleep) and active (enhanced wake) periods. Animals were behaviorally characterized on the Morris water maze and gene expression profiles of their parietal cortices were taken. Principal Findings: Water maze performance was impaired, and inactive period deep sleep was decreased with age. However, increased deep sleep during the active period was most strongly correlated to maze performance. Transcriptional profiles were strongly associated with behavior and age, and were validated against prior studies. Bioinformatic analysis revealed increased translation and decreased myelin/ neuronal pathways. Conclusions: The F344 rat appears to serve as a reasonable model for some common sleep architecture and cognitive changes seen with age in humans, including the cognitively disrupting influence of active period deep sleep. Microarray analysis suggests that the processes engaged by this sleep are consistent with its function. Thus, active period deep sleep appears temporally misaligned but mechanistically intact, leading to the following: first, aged brain tissue appears capable of generating the slow waves necessary for deep sleep, albeit at a weaker intensity than in young. Second, this activity, presented during the active period, seems disruptive rather than beneficial to cognition. Third, this active period deep sleep may be a cognitively pathologic attempt to recover age-related loss of inactive period deep sleep. Finally, therapeutic strategies aimed at reducing active period deep sleep (e.g., by promoting active period wakefulness and/or inactive period deep sleep) may be highly relevant to cognitive function in the aging community. KEYWORDS: frontal cortex, rat, young or aged We implanted young and aged Fischer 344 rats (n = 6/ group) with wireless EEG, EMG and movement monitoring devices to measure sleep architecture. Animals were trained in the Morris water maze to assess cognitive function, and frontal cortices were removed for microarray analysis.sleep disruption and cognitive decline.

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Sleep duration and age-related changes in brain structure and cognitive performance.

Publications

Sleep duration and age-related changes in brain structure and cognitive performance.

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