Psychological factors as predictors of suicidal ideation among adolescents in Malaysia.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Ibrahim N
PROVIDER: S-EPMC4207706 | biostudies-other | 2014
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other
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Project description:OBJECTIVE:To analyze the prevalence of suicidal ideation and its associated factors in school adolescents. METHODS:Cross-sectional school-based study with 674 students from public and private schools in Teresina, Piauí, in 2016. Bivariate analysis was performed with the chi-square test and multiple analysis by the Poisson regression model to estimate prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). RESULTS:The study participants were mostly female (56.7%), black (77.4%), who lived with their parents (85%), whose mothers had schooling greater than or equal to 8 years of schooling (68.8%), with family income greater than a minimum wage (58.3%), practitioners of some religion (86.8%) and coming from public school (64.7%). The prevalence of suicidal ideation was 7.9%. Higher frequency of suicidal ideation was reported among female students (10.2%). Suicidal ideation was statistically associated with students who reported not living with their parents (adjusted PR = 2.27; 95%CI 1.26-4.10; p < 0.05) and those who reported having suffered sexual violence by other students, teachers or school staff (adjusted PR = 3.40; 95%CI 1.80-6.44; p < 0.05), among which the prevalence of suicidal ideation was more than three times that observed among those who did not mention this type of violence. CONCLUSION:The prevalence of suicidal ideation in school adolescents was associated with female students, who did not live with parents and have been victim of sexual violence at school. We recommend advising the school community and health professionals to identify signs of suicidal behavior, especially in those with suspicion or proof of the occurrence of sexual violence at school.
| S-EPMC7100950 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Purpose: This study aimed to identify the factors associated with Internet use duration by distinguishing between individuals with suicidal ideation and those without. Methods: Data were obtained from the 14th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-Based Survey (2018), which is a nationwide survey. Respondents aged 12-18 years (N = 60,040) who answered "yes" or "no" to the question about having suicidal ideation were included in the analysis. Study variables were general characteristics, physical and psychological factors, and Internet use duration. A complex sample logistic regression was performed to determine the influential factors. Results: Significant factors associated with weekend Internet use among those with suicidal ideation were sex, economic status, residence type, physical activity, sedentary duration, recovery after sleep deprivation, and stress, with an explanatory power of 20.0% (p < 0.001). Significant factors associated with weekday Internet use among those with suicidal ideation were sex, frequency of eating breakfast per week, sedentary duration, and weight control efforts, with an explanatory power of 15.9% (p < 0.001). Significant factors associated with weekend Internet use among those with no suicidal ideation were breakfast frequency and frequency of alcohol consumption per month, with an explanatory power of 10.9% (p < 0.001). Significant factors associated with weekday Internet use among those with no suicidal ideation were frequency of eating breakfast per week, frequency of eating fast food per week, sedentary duration, and suicide attempt, with an explanatory power of 13.6% (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The findings indicated significant differences in Internet use duration between adolescents with suicidal ideation and those without, suggesting the need for customized prevention programs focusing on adolescents' psychological state.
| S-EPMC7013614 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Suicidal ideation is a multifactorial phenomenon that is increasingly prevalent among adolescents, especially following the impact of Covid 19 pandemic on their mental health. Its analysis necessitates an interdisciplinary approach that simultaneously considers sociological and psychological perspectives, especially looking at the role of interpersonal relationships and structural inequalities. The present study, based on a face-to-face survey conducted with a representative sample of 4288 adolescents, aims to identify the factors that most differentiate individuals with and without suicidal ideation, proposing a descriptive model of development process of this phenomenon with reference to the Italian context. We analysed variables related to socio-demographic status, relational status, social interactions, and psychological well-being using multiple correspondence analysis and logistic regression models. The results provide evidence for the existence of a direct association between negative psychological status and suicidal ideation but clarify that the psychological aspects are associated with sociodemographic characteristics and have their origins in the social sphere.
| S-EPMC10684516 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Although suicide remains a leading cause of death for adolescents, risk factors beyond diagnoses and suicide attempt history remain unclear. We examined whether cognitive style and temperament impact risk for an early, yet still clinically relevant and distressing, form of suicidality: active suicidal ideation. We used binary logistic regression to test whether brooding, inattention, and impulsivity predicted significantly increased risk for suicidal ideation in a sample of 134 twins, 46 of whom endorsed active suicidal ideation (i.e., probands), as well as probands' cotwins and matched controls. When comparing probands with controls and controlling for depression diagnoses, brooding (B?=?0.73, Odds Ratio [OR]?=?2.07, p?=?0.021), inattention (B?=?1.09, OR?=?2.98, p?<?0.001), and impulsivity (B?=?0.91, OR?=?2.47, p?=?0.001) differentiated probands from controls, individually. We compared probands with their cotwins using the same approach, which allowed us to account for variance in suicidal ideation risk related to twins' shared, familial characteristics (e.g., prenatal environment, neighborhood); inattention was the only significant predictor of suicidal ideation risk (B?=?0.66, OR?=?1.93, p?=?0.020). We then fit a logistic regression model that included all three predictors. Only inattention predicted significantly increased likelihood of suicidal ideation in proband versus controls and proband versus cotwin comparisons (B?=?0.88, OR?=?2.40, p?=?0.024 and B?=?0.67, OR?=?1.96, p?=?0.045, respectively). These results highlight the potential utility of examining novel, more proximal risk factors for suicidal ideation in addition to more established distal factors, like suicide attempt history and psychiatric diagnoses.
| S-EPMC6265119 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The unpredictability of the COVID-19 pandemic can induce psychological distress in individuals. We investigated perceived stressors, prevalence of psychological distress and suicidal ideation, and predictors of psychological distress among adults during the COVID-19 pandemic in Eswatini. This study was a cross-sectional, population-based household telephone survey of 993 conveniently sampled adults (18+ years) from all the four administrative regions of Eswatini. Data were collected between 9 June and 18 July 2020 during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, when the country was under a partial lockdown. COVID-19-related psychological distress was assessed using the Kessler 6-item Psychological Distress Scale (K6). We performed weighted modified Poisson regression analyses to identify significant predictors of moderate/severe psychological distress (K6 scores: ≥5). The weighted prevalences of moderate (K6 scores: 5-12) and severe psychological distress (K6 scores: ≥13) were 41.7% and 5.4%, respectively. Participants reported several perceived COVID-19-related stressors, including worries and fears of the contagion-specific death, serious need for food and money, and concerns about loss of income or business. The weighted prevalence of suicidal ideation was 1.5%. Statistically significant predictors of increased risk for moderate/severe psychological distress included living in the Hhohho and Manzini regions; feeling not well informed about COVID-19; feeling lonely; having received COVID-19 food or financial relief from the government; feeling burdened by the lockdown; being married; and being youth (18-24 years). The results call for the government to urgently augment the provision of mental health services during the pandemic. Mental health practitioners and programs may use several stressors and risk factors identified in this study to inform interventions and government policies aimed at reducing psychological distress induced by the pandemic.
| S-EPMC8296988 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveAdolescents with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are at higher risk for suicide compared to adolescents without PTSD. This study aimed to explore whether PTSD treatment reduces suicidal ideation in adolescents and whether the degree of reduction in PTSD was associated with reduction in suicidal ideation.MethodsAdolescent females with PTSD from a sexual assault (55% Black, 15.3 years, SD = 1.5) were randomized to either prolonged exposure therapy for adolescents (PE-A, n= 31) or client-centered therapy (CCT, n = 30). They reported on suicidal ideation, depression and PTSD at pre- and post-treatment, every therapy session, and follow-up, and about 40% endorsed suicidal ideation at baseline.ResultsThere was a significant reduction in a single-item measure of suicidal ideation during treatment across all participants. The Time in Treatment × Condition interaction was significant (p < .05, d = 0.52), indicating a significantly steeper reduction in suicidal ideation in PE-A compared to in CCT. The degree of reduction in PTSD (ps < .05, d = 0.26-0.54) and depression symptoms (ps < .05, d= 0.54-0.81) in treatment and follow-up was associated with the speed of suicidal ideation reduction in treatment and follow-up.ConclusionsAdolescents randomized to PE-A had significantly faster reductions in suicidal ideation compared to those randomized to CCT. Greater reduction in PTSD and depression symptoms were associated with faster reduction in suicidal ideation. Clinically, this study demonstrates that adolescents who have suicidal ideation without current intent may benefit from PE-A.
| S-EPMC6885098 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BACKGROUND:This exploratory study sought to examine the effect of an acute course of high-frequency repetitive TMS on suicidal ideation in adolescents. METHODS:Data were pooled from 3 prior protocols providing a 30-session course of open-label TMS treatment for adolescents with treatment-resistant depression. All participants (n?=?19) were outpatients taking antidepressant medication, with TMS provided as adjunctive treatment. Suicidality was assessed at baseline, after 10 treatments, after 20 treatments, and after 30 treatments. Outcome measures of suicidal ideation included the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS) "Intensity of Ideation" subscale and Item 13 "Suicidality" on the Children's Depression Rating Scale, Revised (CDRS-R). RESULTS:The predicted odds of suicidal ideation (CDRS-R Item 13 and C-SSRS Intensity of Ideation subscale) significantly decreased over 6 weeks of acute TMS treatment without adjustments for illness (depression) severity. However, the magnitude of the decrease in the predicted odds of suicidal ideation across 6 weeks of treatment was attenuated and rendered non-significant in subsequent analyses that adjusted for illness (depression) severity. LIMITATIONS:This was an exploratory study with a small sample size and no sham control. Regulatory and ethical barriers constrained enrollment of adolescents with severe suicidality. CONCLUSIONS:The present findings suggest that open-label TMS mitigated suicidal ideation in adolescents through the treatment and improvement of depressive symptom severity. Although caution is warranted in the interpretation of these results, the findings can inform the design and execution of future interventional trials targeting suicidal ideation in adolescents.
| S-EPMC6431788 | biostudies-literature
Project description:IntroductionWhile electronic cigarette (EC) use is rapidly increasing among asthmatic adolescents, little is known about the links between EC use and depression or suicidality. We assessed associated factors for depression and suicidality in asthmatic adolescents with experience of EC use.MethodsWe analyzed the data from the 11th to 13th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Surveys, which were completed from 2015 to 2017. Data were obtained from a stratified, multistage, clustered sample. Students supplied 'yes or no' answers to questions about previous asthma diagnosis by a doctor. Associated factors for depression and suicidality were evaluated by logistic regression models after controlling for potential confounding factors. We targeted 203336 adolescents, and 195847 completed the survey.ResultsThe proportion of asthma among the respondents was 8.9%. The rate of experience of EC use was higher among asthmatic respondents than non-asthmatic respondents (10.3% vs 8.6%). Asthmatic respondents with experience of EC use had a much higher proportion of negative mental health states including depression and suicidality than subjects without EC experience. In our adjusted models, perception of stress was most strongly associated with depression (adjusted odds ratio, AOR=4.79; 95% CI: 4.12-5.58), and perception of unhappiness was most strongly associated with suicidal ideation (AOR=5.24; 95% CI: 4.51-6.09) and suicide attempt (AOR=4.37; 95% CI: 3.36-5.69).ConclusionsMany Korean asthmatic adolescents with experience of EC use report relatively high depression and suicidal behaviors. A multidisciplinary approach, including psychological help, may be required to prevent suicide among this population, especially those who report associated factors.
| S-EPMC7586912 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Suicidal ideation (SI), a potent risk factor for suicide attempts, increases in adolescence. While alterations in dopaminergic functioning have been implicated in suicidal acts-particularly in adults-we do not know whether morphological alterations in dopamine-rich regions of the brain, such as the striatum, are vulnerability factors for the emergence of SI in adolescents. At baseline, a community sample of 152 adolescents (89 female; mean age: 11.41 ± 1.01 years) completed a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan that was used to estimate gray matter volumes (GMVs) of three striatal structures: caudate, nucleus accumbens and putamen. At a 24 month follow-up session, participants completed a self-report measure of SI frequency [Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire (SIQ)] and the death version of the Implicit Association Test (IAT). Robust linear regression models were conducted to predict SIQ and IAT scores from striatal GMV. Bilateral putamen and left caudate GMV significantly predicted IAT scores (all Ps < 0.03). No other associations were significant (all Ps > 0.05). Our finding of reduced dorsal striatal GMV predicting implicit SI may indicate that downstream dopaminergic dysfunction is implicated in the development of overt suicidal behaviors. Self-reported SI was not associated with striatal GMV, suggesting that biological correlates of suicide risk may correlate specifically with objective measurements of SI in adolescents.
| S-EPMC6234322 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is involved in emotion regulation and salience processing. Prior research has implicated ACC dysfunction in suicidal ideation (SI) and suicidal behavior. This study aimed to quantify ACC glutamatergic concentrations and to examine relationships with SI in a sample of healthy and depressed adolescents. Forty adolescents underwent clinical evaluation and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) at 3?T, utilizing a 2-dimensional J-averaged PRESS sequence sampling a medial pregenual ACC voxel. Cerebrospinal fluid-corrected ACC metabolite concentrations were compared between healthy control (HC, n?=?16), depressed without SI (Dep/SI-, n?=?13), and depressed with SI (Dep/SI+, n?=?11) youth using general linear models covarying for age, sex, and psychotropic medication use. Relationships between ACC metabolites and continuous measures of SI were examined using multiple linear regressions. ROC analysis was used to determine the ability of glutamate+glutamine (Glx) and the N-acetylaspartate (NAA)/Glx ratio to discriminate Dep/SI-?and Dep/SI+?adolescents. Dep/SI+?adolescents had higher Glx than Dep/SI-?participants (padj?=?0.012) and had lower NAA/Glx than both Dep/SI-?(padj?=?0.002) and HC adolescents (padj?=?0.039). There were significant relationships between SI intensity and Glx (pFDR?=?0.026), SI severity and NAA/Glx (pFDR?=?0.012), and SI intensity and NAA/Glx (pFDR?=?0.004). ACC Glx and NAA/Glx discriminated Dep/SI-?from Dep/SI+?participants. Uncoupled NAA-glutamatergic metabolism in the ACC may play a role in suicidal ideation and behavior. Longitudinal studies are needed to establish whether aberrant glutamatergic metabolism corresponds to acute or chronic suicide risk. Glutamatergic biomarkers may be promising targets for novel risk assessment and interventional strategies for suicidal ideation and behavior.
| S-EPMC7181616 | biostudies-literature