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Physical activity patterns of people affected by depressive and anxiety disorders as measured by accelerometers: a cross-sectional study.

ABSTRACT: Exercise can relieve both depressive and anxiety disorders and it is therefore of importance to establish movement patterns of mildly to moderately affected sufferers to estimate the treatment potential. The aim is to describe the physical activity patterns of people affected by mild to moderate depressive and/or anxiety symptoms using objective measures of physical activity.The design of the study was cross-sectional using data from 165 people aged 18-65 years, with mild to moderate depressive and/or anxiety disorder symptoms (scoring ≥ 10 on the PHQ-9). Diagnoses were made using Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) and symptom severity was measured with the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). The participants wore accelerometers for a week to evaluate physical activity patterns.No statistically significant differences were detected between different diagnoses, though depressed participants tended to be less active and more sedentary. Only one-fifth of the sample followed public health guidelines regarding physical activity. Each one point increase in MADRS was associated with a 2.4 minute reduction in light physical activity, independent of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and sedentary time. MADRS was positively associated with number of sedentary bouts.The physical activity pattern of people with depressive and/or anxiety disorders was characterized by large amounts of sedentary time and low fulfillment of physical activity guidelines. There is therefore a large treatment potential for this group by increasing exercise. The results suggest that instead of focusing exclusively on high intensity exercise for treating depressive and anxiety disorders, health care providers might encourage patients to reduce sedentary time by increasing light physical activity and decreasing the number of sedentary bouts, though further studies are needed that can determine directionality.

SUBMITTER: Helgadottir B

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4293141 | biostudies-other | 2015

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Project description:OBJECTIVE:To examine the compositional effects of physical behaviour on mental health. DESIGN:Cross-sectional study. SETTING:A population-representative random sample (Mitchelstown cohort) was recruited from a large primary care centre in Mitchelstown, County Cork, Ireland. PARTICIPANTS:In total 3807 potential participants were selected from the practice list. Following exclusion of duplicates, deaths and ineligibles, 3043 were invited to participate and of these, 2047 (49.2% men) completed the questionnaire and physical examination components of the baseline assessment during the study period (April 2010 and May 2011). Accelerometers were introduced into the study in January 2011. Of the 745 participants seen between January and May of 2011, 475 (44.6% men) subjects (response rate 64%) agreed to participate and of these 397 (46.1% men) had valid accelerometer data. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES:Participants wore the wrist GENEActiv accelerometer for 7 consecutive days. Data were summarised into 60?s epochs and activity categorised as sedentary behaviour, light or moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Levels of depressive and anxiety symptoms were assessed using the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Well-being was assessed using the WHO-5 well-being scale. RESULTS:In adjusted isotemporal models, a 30?min increase in light activity per day was associated with a significant decrease in levels of anxiety symptoms (B=-0.34; 95%?CI -0.64 to -0.04) and a significant increase in levels of well-being (B=0.58; 95%?CI 0.05 to 1.11). No statistically significant associations were observed between any physical behaviour and depressive symptoms or when sedentary behaviour was substituted with MVPA (P>0.05). CONCLUSION:Although based on a cross-sectional study, the findings suggest that substituting light activity for sedentary behaviour may have positive associations with symptoms of anxiety and reported well-being among middle-aged adults.

Project description:BackgroundThe concept of sekentei (social appearance), defined as sensitivity about one's reputation, reflects Japanese behavioral principles and involves pressure to conform to social norms, particularly among people living in rural areas. However, data regarding the relationship between sekentei and health behaviors are sparse. In this study, we examined the relationship between sekentei and objectively-measured physical activity among community-dwelling older people in Japan.MethodsWe used data from the Neuron to Environmental Impact across Generations Study (NEIGE Study), which is a prospective cohort study of randomly-sampled community-dwelling individuals aged 65-84 years living in Tokamachi City, Niigata Prefecture, Japan. The baseline survey was conducted in 2017 and included 527 independent older people. We analyzed the baseline data cross-sectionally. To measure activity behaviors, participants wore a tri-axial accelerometer for seven consecutive days. Physically active individuals were defined based on the World Health Organization recommendation guidelines on physical activity. Sekentei was measured using the 12-item Sekentei Scale (score range: 12-60).ResultsAfter excluding 15 people for whom we had three or fewer days of valid accelerometer-assessed activity data, we used data from 512 participants in our analysis (average 73.4 years old; 46.9% men). Physically active individuals made up 22.3% of the sample, and the proportion of physically active men was higher than that of women. A logistic regression analysis showed that higher levels of sekentei were inversely associated with physical activity after adjusting for demographic factors, socioeconomic status, and health conditions (odds ratio [95% confidence interval]: 0.58 [0.36-0.91] for every 10-point increase in the Sekentei Scale score). This association was stronger in women than in men (0.66 [0.34-1.26] for men and 0.51 [0.26-1.00] for women).ConclusionsOur findings indicate that an individual's sense of sekentei may be an important socio-cultural factor affecting their level of physical activity. Culturally appropriate approaches may be beneficial in addressing insufficient physical activity in older adults.

Project description:Background: During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, quarantine as an effective public health measure has been widely used in China and elsewhere to slow down the spread, while high-risk psychological response populations remain under-reported. Objective: The aim of the study is to investigate the depressive and anxiety symptoms among the high-risk individuals quarantined during the COVID-19 pandemic in China. Methods: An online survey was conducted from February 29 to April 10, 2020, among individuals quarantined for at least 2 weeks due to the high-risk exposure. Chinese versions of the nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) with a seven-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) were applied to assess depressive and anxiety symptoms, respectively. Compliance with quarantine and knowledge of COVID-19 was also assessed. An unconditional logistic regression model was performed to identify the correlators. Results: Of the 1,260 participants completing the full survey, 14.0% (95% CI: 12.2-16.1%), 7.1% (95% CI: 5.9-8.7%), and 6.3% (95% CI: 5.1-7.8%) had at least moderate symptoms of depression, anxiety, and a combination of depression and anxiety (CDA), respectively; 14.8% (95% CI: 13.0-16.9%) had at least one condition. Multivariate analysis showed that participants with an undergraduate or above degree were more likely to report depressive (OR = 2.98, 95% CI: 1.56-5.72) and anxiety symptoms (OR = 2.95, 95% CI: 1.14-7.63) than those with middle school education. Those who were unemployed (OR = 0.37, 95% CI: 0.21-0.65 for depression; OR = 0.31, 95% CI: 0.14-0.73 for anxiety), students (OR = 0.14, 95% CI: 0.04-0.48 for depression; OR = 0.11, 95% CI: 0.01-0.85 for anxiety), and more knowledgeable of COVID-19 (OR = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.73-0.96 for depression, OR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.68-0.98 for anxiety) were less likely to report depressive and anxiety symptoms. Higher quarantine compliance correlated with lower risks of depressive (OR = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.91-0.96) and anxiety symptoms (OR = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.91-0.98). Conclusion: Individuals under quarantine during the COVID-19 pandemic suffered prevalent depressive and anxiety symptoms. Consequently, comprehensive interventional measures, including knowledge dissemination, timely virus tests, and strengthened communication, may minimize quarantine's adverse effects.

Project description:ObjectivesTo objectively measure the amount of intensity-specific physical activity by gender and age with respect to body mass index (BMI) during workdays and days off among Finnish employees.DesignA cross-sectional study.SettingPrimary care occupational healthcare units.ParticipantsA sample of 9554 Finnish employees (4221 men and 5333 women; age range 18-65 years; BMI range 18.5-40 kg/m(2)) who participated in health assessments related to occupational health promotion.Main outcome measurementsThe amount of moderate-to-vigorous (MVPA) and vigorous (VPA) physical activity (≥3 and ≥6 metabolic equivalents, respectively) was assessed by estimating the minute-to-minute oxygen consumption from the recorded beat-to-beat R-R interval data. The estimation method used heart rate, respiration rate and on/off response information from R-R interval data calibrated by age, gender, height, weight and self-reported physical activity class. The proportion of participants fulfilling the aerobic physical activity recommendation of ≥150 min/week was calculated on the basis of ≥10 min bouts, by multiplying the VPA minutes by 2.ResultsBoth MVPA and VPA were higher among men and during days off, and decreased with increasing age and BMI (p<0.001 for all). Similar results were observed when the probability of having a bout of MVPA or VPA lasting continuously for ≥10 min per measurement day was studied. The total amount of VPA was low among overweight (mean ≤2.6 min/day), obese (mean ≤0.6 min/day) and all women in the age group 51-65 years (mean ≤2.5 min/day) during both types of days. The proportion of participants fulfilling the aerobic physical activity recommendation was highest for normal weight men (65%; 95% CI 62% to 67%) and lowest for obese women (10%; 95% CI 8% to 12%).ConclusionsObjectively measured physical activity is higher among men and during days off, and decreases with increasing age and BMI. The amount of VPA is very low among obese, overweight and older women.

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Physical activity patterns of people affected by depressive and anxiety disorders as measured by accelerometers: a cross-sectional study.

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