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Treatment model in children with speech disorders and its therapeutic efficiency.

ABSTRACT: Introduction Speech articulation disorders affect the intelligibility of speech. Studies on therapeutic models show the effectiveness of the communication treatment. Objective To analyze the progress achieved by treatment with the ABAB-Withdrawal and Multiple Probes Model in children with different degrees of phonological disorders. Methods The diagnosis of speech articulation disorder was determined by speech and hearing evaluation and complementary tests. The subjects of this research were eight children, with the average age of 5:5. The children were distributed into four groups according to the degrees of the phonological disorders, based on the percentage of correct consonants, as follows: severe, moderate to severe, mild to moderate, and mild. The phonological treatment applied was the ABAB-Withdrawal and Multiple Probes Model. The development of the therapy by generalization was observed through the comparison between the two analyses: contrastive and distinctive features at the moment of evaluation and reevaluation. Results The following types of generalization were found: to the items not used in the treatment (other words), to another position in the word, within a sound class, to other classes of sounds, and to another syllable structure. Conclusion The different types of generalization studied showed the expansion of production and proper use of therapy-trained targets in other contexts or untrained environments. Therefore, the analysis of the generalizations proved to be an important criterion to measure the therapeutic efficacy.

SUBMITTER: Barberena L

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4392887 | biostudies-other | 2014 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Project description:The goal of this research was to obtain initial estimates of the prevalence of each of four types of motor speech disorders in children with idiopathic Speech Delay (SD) and to use findings to estimate the population-based prevalence of each disorder. Analyses were completed on audio-recorded conversational speech samples from 415 children recruited for research in idiopathic SD in six USA cities during the past three decades. The speech and motor speech status of each participant was cross-classified using standardized measures in the finalized version of the Speech Disorders Classification System described in the Supplement. Population-based prevalence estimates for the four motor speech disorders were calculated from epidemiological studies of SD conducted in Australia, England, and the USA. A total of 82.2% of the 415 participants with SD met criteria for No Motor Speech Disorder at assessment, 12% met criteria for Speech Motor Delay, 3.4% met criteria for Childhood Dysarthria, 2.4% met criteria for Childhood Apraxia of Speech, and 0% met criteria for concurrent Childhood Dysarthria and Childhood Apraxia of Speech. The estimated population-based prevalence of each of the first three motor speech disorders at 4 to 8 years of age were Speech Motor Delay: 4 children per 1,000; Childhood Dysarthria: 1 child per 1,000; and Childhood Apraxia of Speech: 1 child per 1,000. The latter finding cross-validates a prior prevalence estimate for Childhood Apraxia of Speech of 1-2 children per 1,000. Findings are interpreted to indicate a substantial prevalence of motor speech disorders in children with idiopathic SD. Abbreviations: CAS, childhood apraxia of speech; CD, childhood dysarthria; CND, complex neurodevelopmental disorders; DI, dysarthria index; DSI, dysarthria subtype indices; MSD, motor speech disorder; No MSD, no motor speech disorder; NSA, normal(ized) speech acquisition; PEPPER, programs to examine phonetic and phonologic evaluation records; PM, pause marker; PMI, pause marker index; PSD, persistent speech delay; PSE, persistent speech errors; SD, speech delay; SDCS, speech disorders classification system; SDCSS, speech disorders classification system summary; SE, speech errors; SMD, speech motor delay.

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Treatment model in children with speech disorders and its therapeutic efficiency.

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