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Reduced default mode network suppression during a working memory task in remitted major depression.

ABSTRACT: Insufficient default mode network (DMN) suppression was linked to increased rumination in symptomatic Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). Since rumination is known to predict relapse and a more severe course of MDD, we hypothesized that similar DMN alterations might also exist during full remission of MDD (rMDD), a condition known to be associated with increased relapse rates specifically in patients with adolescent onset. Within a cross-sectional functional magnetic resonance imaging study activation and functional connectivity (FC) were investigated in 120 adults comprising 78 drug-free rMDD patients with adolescent- (n = 42) and adult-onset (n = 36) as well as 42 healthy controls (HC), while performing the n-back task. Compared to HC, rMDD patients showed diminished DMN deactivation with strongest differences in the anterior-medial prefrontal cortex (amPFC), which was further linked to increased rumination response style. On a brain systems level, rMDD patients showed an increased FC between the amPFC and the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, which constitutes a key region of the antagonistic working-memory network. Both whole-brain analyses revealed significant differences between adolescent-onset rMDD patients and HC, while adult-onset rMDD patients showed no significant effects. Results of this study demonstrate that reduced DMN suppression exists even after full recovery of depressive symptoms, which appears to be specifically pronounced in adolescent-onset MDD patients. Our results encourage the investigation of DMN suppression as a putative predictor of relapse in clinical trials, which might eventually lead to important implications for antidepressant maintenance treatment.

SUBMITTER: Bartova L

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4415908 | biostudies-other | 2015 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Reduced default mode network suppression during a working memory task in remitted major depression.

Bartova Lucie L Meyer Bernhard M BM Diers Kersten K Rabl Ulrich U Scharinger Christian C Popovic Ana A Pail Gerald G Kalcher Klaudius K Boubela Roland N RN Huemer Julia J Mandorfer Dominik D Windischberger Christian C Sitte Harald H HH Kasper Siegfried S Praschak-Rieder Nicole N Moser Ewald E Brocke Burkhard B Pezawas Lukas L

Journal of psychiatric research 20150306

Insufficient default mode network (DMN) suppression was linked to increased rumination in symptomatic Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). Since rumination is known to predict relapse and a more severe course of MDD, we hypothesized that similar DMN alterations might also exist during full remission of MDD (rMDD), a condition known to be associated with increased relapse rates specifically in patients with adolescent onset. Within a cross-sectional functional magnetic resonance imaging study activat ...[more]

PMID: 25801734

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Project description:Default mode network (DMN) is a functional brain network with a unique neural activity pattern that shows high activity in resting states but low activity in task states. This unique pattern has been proved to relate with higher cognitions such as learning, memory and decision-making. But neural mechanisms of interactions between the default network and the task-related network are still poorly understood. In this paper, a theoretical model of coupling the DMN and working memory network (WMN) is proposed. The WMN and DMN both consist of excitatory and inhibitory neurons connected by AMPA, NMDA, GABA synapses, and are coupled with each other only by excitatory synapses. This model is implemented to demonstrate dynamical processes in a working memory task containing encoding, maintenance and retrieval phases. Simulated results have shown that: (1) AMPA channels could produce significant synchronous oscillations in population neurons, which is beneficial to change oscillation patterns in the WMN and DMN. (2) Different NMDA conductance between the networks could generate multiple neural activity modes in the whole network, which may be an important mechanism to switch states of the networks between three different phases of working memory. (3) The number of sequentially memorized stimuli was related to the energy consumption determined by the network's internal parameters, and the DMN contributed to a more stable working memory process. (4) Finally, this model demonstrated that, in three phases of working memory, different memory phases corresponded to different functional connections between the DMN and WMN. Coupling strengths that measured these functional connections differed in terms of phase synchronization. Phase synchronization characteristics of the contained energy were consistent with the observations of negative and positive correlations between the WMN and DMN reported in referenced fMRI experiments. The results suggested that the coupled interaction between the WMN and DMN played important roles in working memory.Supplementary informationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11571-021-09674-1.

Dataset Information

Reduced default mode network suppression during a working memory task in remitted major depression.

Publications

Reduced default mode network suppression during a working memory task in remitted major depression.

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