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Social influence on risk perception during adolescence.

ABSTRACT: Adolescence is a period of life in which peer relationships become increasingly important. Adolescents have a greater likelihood of taking risks when they are with peers rather than alone. In this study, we investigated the development of social influence on risk perception from late childhood through adulthood. Five hundred and sixty-three participants rated the riskiness of everyday situations and were then informed about the ratings of a social-influence group (teenagers or adults) before rating each situation again. All age groups showed a significant social-influence effect, changing their risk ratings in the direction of the provided ratings; this social-influence effect decreased with age. Most age groups adjusted their ratings more to conform to the ratings of the adult social-influence group than to the ratings of the teenager social-influence group. Only young adolescents were more strongly influenced by the teenager social-influence group than they were by the adult social-influence group, which suggests that to early adolescents, the opinions of other teenagers about risk matter more than the opinions of adults.

SUBMITTER: Knoll LJ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4426139 | biostudies-other | 2015 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Social influence on risk perception during adolescence.

Knoll Lisa J LJ Magis-Weinberg Lucía L Speekenbrink Maarten M Blakemore Sarah-Jayne SJ

Psychological science 20150325 5

Adolescence is a period of life in which peer relationships become increasingly important. Adolescents have a greater likelihood of taking risks when they are with peers rather than alone. In this study, we investigated the development of social influence on risk perception from late childhood through adulthood. Five hundred and sixty-three participants rated the riskiness of everyday situations and were then informed about the ratings of a social-influence group (teenagers or adults) before rat ...[more]

PMID: 25810453

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Project description:BackgroundModifiable risk factors such as diet may be important in both the etiology and progression of endometriosis as well as the prevalence of pain symptoms and infertility associated with this condition. In adults, higher intake of dairy has been associated with a lower risk of endometriosis diagnosis. There is currently no literature on whether dairy intake during adolescence, a potentially critical window of exposure, influences endometriosis risk.ObjectiveThe objectige of the study was to evaluate the association between consumption of dairy foods in adolescence and the risk of laparoscopically confirmed endometriosis.Study designThis was a prospective cohort study, the Nurses' Health Study II, which has prospectively collected data since 1989. In 1998, when participants were aged 34-51 years, they completed a 124 item food frequency questionnaire about their high school diet. Cases were defined as those who self-reported laparoscopically confirmed endometriosis. Cox proportional hazard models were used to calculate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the association between dairy foods and laparoscopically confirmed endometriosis.ResultsAmong women who completed the questionnaire about their high school diet in 1998, 581 cases of laparoscopically confirmed endometriosis were diagnosed among 32,868 premenopausal women from 1998 to 2013. Women who consumed more than 4 servings per day of dairy foods during adolescence had a 32% lower risk of laparoscopically confirmed endometriosis during adulthood (95% confidence interval, 0.47-0.96; Ptrend = .04) compared with women consuming 1 or fewer servings per day. The association was similar for low-fat and high-fat dairy foods. Yogurt and ice cream consumption, specifically, were associated with a lower risk of endometriosis. Those who consumed 2 or more servings of yogurt per week as an adolescent had a 29% lower risk of endometriosis diagnosis (95% confidence interval, 0.52-0.97; Ptrend = .02) compared with those consuming less than 1 serving per week. In addition, women who consumed 1 or more servings per day of ice cream per day during adolescence had a 38% lower risk of endometriosis diagnosis (95% confidence interval, 0.40-0.94; Ptrend = .20) compared with those consuming less than 1 serving per week.ConclusionOur findings suggest that dairy consumption, specifically yogurt and ice cream intake, in adolescence may reduce the risk of subsequent endometriosis diagnosis. Future studies in adolescent populations are needed to confirm these results.

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Social influence on risk perception during adolescence.

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Social influence on risk perception during adolescence.

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