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Relationship of Food Security with Type 2 Diabetes and Its Risk Factors in Tehranian Adults.

ABSTRACT: As food insecurity has negative effects on health, the aim of this study was to determine tahe relationship between household food security and type 2 diabetes mellitus and its related risk factors.In this case-control study, 200 individuals with and 200 individuals without type 2 diabetes mellitus, aged over 40 years, were randomly selected from among participants of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study. The questionnaire on household food security proposed by the United States Department of Agriculture was completed for them by trained personnel. Logistic regression was used to determine the variable that had the most significant relationship with food security status.The average of food security score was 2.38 ± 2.0 in non-diabetic and 2.25 ± 2.0 in diabetic individuals (P = 0.6). In both groups, the risk for food insecurity in women was more than in men. In the diabetic group, being single and having education levels below high school increased the risk of food insecurity. In the non-diabetic group, the risk of food insecurity in obese individuals was 3.3 times higher than normal individuals (odds ratio = 2.1, 95% confidence interval: 1.2-4.1).There were no significant differences in food security levels of diabetic and non-diabetic groups. However, some risk factors of type 2 diabetes including sex, marital status, educational level, and obesity were associated with food insecurity.

SUBMITTER: Hasan-Ghomi M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4629297 | biostudies-other | 2015

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Relationship of Food Security with Type 2 Diabetes and Its Risk Factors in Tehranian Adults.

Hasan-Ghomi Majid M Ejtahed Hanieh-Sadat HS Mirmiran Parvin P Hosseini-Esfahani Firozeh F Sarbazi Narges N Azizi Fereidoun F Sadeghian Saeed S

International journal of preventive medicine 20151008

<h4>Background</h4>As food insecurity has negative effects on health, the aim of this study was to determine tahe relationship between household food security and type 2 diabetes mellitus and its related risk factors.<h4>Methods</h4>In this case-control study, 200 individuals with and 200 individuals without type 2 diabetes mellitus, aged over 40 years, were randomly selected from among participants of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study. The questionnaire on household food security proposed by t ...[more]

PMID: 26605019

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Project description:IntroductionCardiovascular disease is a leading cause of mortality in the U.S. Although the risk of cardiovascular disease can be mitigated substantially by following a healthy lifestyle, adhering to a healthy diet and other healthy behaviors are limited by reduced food security. This study aims to determine the association between food security and cardiovascular disease risk.MethodsThree samples from the 2007-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were examined: (1) 7,340 non-fasting adults (aged 40-79 years); (2) 13,518 non-fasting adults (aged 20-64 years); and (3) 6,494 fasting adults (aged 20-64 years). Food security was assessed using the U.S. Household Food Security Survey Module, with households categorized as having full, marginal, low, or very low food security. Regressions were conducted in 2018 to test the associations between food security status and odds of ≥20% 10-year cardiovascular disease risk among middle-aged to older adults (OR, 95% CI) and cardiovascular disease risk factors among all adults (β, 95% CI).ResultsCompared with adults with full food security, those with very low food security had higher odds of ≥20% 10-year cardiovascular disease risk (OR=2.36, 95% CI=1.25, 4.46), whereas those with marginal food security had higher systolic blood pressure (β=0.94 mmHg, 95% CI=0.09, 1.80). Compared with adults with full food security, adults with different levels of food security had higher BMIs (marginal: 0.76, 95% CI=0.26, 1.26; low: 0.97, 95% CI=0.34, 1.60; and very low: 1.03, 95% CI=0.44, 1.63) and higher odds of current smoking (marginal: OR=1.43, 95% CI=1.17, 1.75; low: OR=1.47, 95% CI=1.22, 1.77; and very low: OR=1.95, 95% CI=1.60, 2.37).ConclusionsAdults with food insecurity have elevated cardiovascular disease risk factors and excess predicted 10-year cardiovascular disease risk. Substantially improving food security may be an important public health intervention to reduce future cardiovascular disease in the U.S.Population

Project description:Household food insecurity through influencing the quality and sufficiency of nutrition can have considerable effects on individuals' health. Previous studies have shown the relationship between household food insecurity and quality of life among adults, infants, and people of minority ethnicity. However, no studies have been conducted on household food insecurity and quality of life among pregnant women. This study aimed to investigate the effect of food insecurity on quality of life among pregnant women in Qazvin city, Iran.This cross-sectional study was conducted between May 2017 and November 2017 on 394 pregnant women. A random cluster sampling method was used to select eight urban health and medical centers from four geographical regions of Qazvin city, Iran. In the selected centers, pregnant women were recruited using eligibility inclusion criteria. Data was collected using the SF-36 Health-related Quality of Life, Household Food Insecurity Access Scale and a demographic questionnaire for recording the women's gestational and demographic information through interviews. Descriptive and inferential statistics including Chi-square test, one-way analysis of variance with Bonferroni post-hoc test and multiple linear regression were used for data analysis. P?<?0.05 was considered statistically significant.Food insecurity was reported in 43.9% of the pregnant women. Overall pregnant women's quality of life had the highest score (Mean?±?SD) in the domain of 'social performance' (76.4?±?21) and the lowest one in the domain of 'role limitation due to physical reasons' (60.5?±?43). Pregnant women with food insecurity had the lowest score in role limitation due to physical reasons domain of quality of life (68.6?±?40.4, 61.3?±?45.5 & 51.3?±?47.7 respectively for mild, moderate and sever food insecurity). The results of multiple linear regression showed that one unit reduction of household food security significantly decreased the total quality of life score by 5.2 score (95% CI: -9.7, -?0.7) among the mild food insecure group, 10.8 score (95% CI: -17.1, -?4.6) among the moderate food insecure group and 14.1 score (95% CI: -19.7, -?8.5) among the sever food insecure group.Screening of the household food security status during the primary prenatal care can identify high-risk pregnant women to improve the quantity and quality of their diet. Moreover multi-level actions including policy-making, supplying resources, and providing appropriate services are needed to ensure that pregnant women have access to high-quality foods.

Dataset Information

Relationship of Food Security with Type 2 Diabetes and Its Risk Factors in Tehranian Adults.

Publications

Relationship of Food Security with Type 2 Diabetes and Its Risk Factors in Tehranian Adults.

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