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Respiratory consequences of N95-type Mask usage in pregnant healthcare workers-a controlled clinical study.

ABSTRACT: Outbreaks of emerging infectious diseases have led to guidelines recommending the routine use of N95 respirators for healthcare workers, many of whom are women of childbearing age. The respiratory effects of prolonged respirator use on pregnant women are unclear although there has been no definite evidence of harm from past use.We conducted a two-phase controlled clinical study on healthy pregnant women between 27 to 32 weeks gestation. In phase I, energy expenditure corresponding to the workload of routine nursing tasks was determined. In phase II, pulmonary function of 20 subjects was measured whilst at rest and exercising to the predetermined workload while breathing ambient air first, then breathing through N95-mask materials.Exercising at 3 MET while breathing through N95-mask materials reduced mean tidal volume (TV) by 23.0 % (95 % CI -33.5 % to -10.5 %, p?

SUBMITTER: Tong PS

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4647822 | biostudies-other | 2015

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Respiratory consequences of N95-type Mask usage in pregnant healthcare workers-a controlled clinical study.

Tong Pearl Shuang Ye PS Kale Anita Sugam AS Ng Kailyn K Loke Amelia Peiwen AP Choolani Mahesh Arjandas MA Lim Chin Leong CL Chan Yiong Huak YH Chong Yap Seng YS Tambyah Paul Anantharajah PA Yong Eu-Leong EL

Antimicrobial resistance and infection control 20151116

<h4>Background</h4>Outbreaks of emerging infectious diseases have led to guidelines recommending the routine use of N95 respirators for healthcare workers, many of whom are women of childbearing age. The respiratory effects of prolonged respirator use on pregnant women are unclear although there has been no definite evidence of harm from past use.<h4>Methods</h4>We conducted a two-phase controlled clinical study on healthy pregnant women between 27 to 32 weeks gestation. In phase I, energy expen ...[more]

PMID: 26579222

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Project description:BackgroundIn children, up to 30% of viral respiratory tract infections (RTIs) develop into bacterial complications associated with pneumonia, sinusitis or otitis media to trigger a tremendous need for antibiotics. This study investigated the efficacy of Echinacea for the prevention of viral RTIs, for the prevention of secondary bacterial complications and for reducing rates of antibiotic prescriptions in children.MethodsEchinaforce® Junior tablets [400 mg freshly harvested Echinacea purpurea alcoholic extract] or vitamin C [50 mg] as control were given three times daily for prevention to children 4-12 years. Two × 2 months of prevention were separated by a 1-week treatment break. Parents assessed respiratory symptoms in children via e-diaries and collected nasopharyngeal secretions for screening of respiratory pathogens (Allplex® RT-PCR).ResultsOverall, 429 cold days occurred in NITT = 103 children with Echinacea in comparison to 602 days in NITT = 98 children with vitamin C (p < 0.001, Chi-square test). Echinacea prevented 32.5% of RTI episodes resulting in an odds ratio of OR = 0.52 [95% CI 0.30-0.91, p = 0.021]. Six children (5.8%) with Echinacea and 15 children (15.3%) with vitamin C required 6 and 24 courses of antibiotic treatment, respectively (reduction of 76.3%, p < 0.001). A total of 45 and 216 days of antibiotic therapy were reported in the two groups, respectively (reduction of 80.2% (p < 0.001). Eleven and 30 events of RTI complications (e.g., otitis media, sinusitis or pneumonia) occurred with Echinacea and vitamin C, respectively (p = 0.0030). Echinacea significantly prevented influenza (3 vs. 20 detections, p = 0.012) and enveloped virus infections (29 vs. 47 detections, p = 0.0038). Finally, 76 adverse events occurred with Echinacea and 105 events with vitamin C (p = 0.016), only three events were reported possibly related with Echinacea.ConclusionsOur results support the use of Echinacea for the prevention of RTIs and reduction of associated antibiotic usage in children. Trial registration clinicaltrials.gov, NCT02971384, 23th Nov 2016.

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Respiratory consequences of N95-type Mask usage in pregnant healthcare workers-a controlled clinical study.

Publications

Respiratory consequences of N95-type Mask usage in pregnant healthcare workers-a controlled clinical study.

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