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Vitamin D? and monomethyl fumarate enhance natural killer cell lysis of dendritic cells and ameliorate the clinical score in mice suffering from experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.

ABSTRACT: Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a CD4? T cell mediated inflammatory demyelinating disease that is induced in mice by administration of peptides derived from myelin proteins. We developed EAE in SJL mice by administration of PLP139-151 peptide. The effect of treating these mice with 1?,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D? (vitamin D?), or with monomethyl fumarate (MMF) was then examined. We observed that both vitamin D? and MMF inhibited and/or prevented EAE in these mice. These findings were corroborated with isolating natural killer (NK) cells from vitamin D?-treated or MMF-treated EAE mice that lysed immature or mature dendritic cells. The results support and extend other findings indicating that an important mechanism of action for drugs used to treat multiple sclerosis (MS) is to enhance NK cell lysis of dendritic cells.

SUBMITTER: Al-Jaderi Z

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4663530 | biostudies-other | 2015 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Vitamin D₃ and monomethyl fumarate enhance natural killer cell lysis of dendritic cells and ameliorate the clinical score in mice suffering from experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.

Al-Jaderi Zaidoon Z Maghazachi Azzam A AA

Toxins 20151113 11

Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a CD4⁺ T cell mediated inflammatory demyelinating disease that is induced in mice by administration of peptides derived from myelin proteins. We developed EAE in SJL mice by administration of PLP139-151 peptide. The effect of treating these mice with 1α,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D₃ (vitamin D₃), or with monomethyl fumarate (MMF) was then examined. We observed that both vitamin D₃ and MMF inhibited and/or prevented EAE in these mice. These findings wer ...[more]

PMID: 26580651

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Project description:BackgroundTecfidera® (dimethyl fumarate [DMF]) is an approved product for the treatment of relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis. Monomethyl fumarate (MMF) is the only active metabolite of DMF and is responsible for its therapeutic efficacy.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to determine whether two Bafiertam™ capsules each containing 95 mg of MMF is bioequivalent to one Tecfidera® capsule containing 240 mg of DMF, a prodrug of MMF.MethodsThis was a single-dose, open-label, randomized, two-way crossover study evaluating two treatments over two periods with a washout interval between treatments. Fifty healthy subjects were randomized to receive a single dose of the test drug MMF 190 mg as 2 × 95 mg delayed-release capsules or the reference drug DMF 240 mg as a 1 × 240-mg delayed-release capsule. Blood samples were obtained prior to dosing and at prespecified time points through 24 h post-dose to determine plasma concentrations of MMF. The pharmacokinetic parameters of MMF were calculated including maximum observed concentration, time to reach maximum observed concentration, apparent half-life of the drug in plasma, AUC0-t which is the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) from time zero (dosing time) to the last time point, t, with measurable analyte concentration, and AUC0-inf, which is AUC0-t plus the extrapolated AUC from time t to infinity.ResultsThe geometric least-squares mean ratios (90% confidence interval) of the test drug MMF vs the reference drug DMF were 96.80% (92.18-101.64), 96.35% (91.81-101.12), and 104.84% (95.54-115.05) for AUC0-t, AUC0-inf, and maximum observed concentration, respectively. Two capsules of Bafiertam™ was safe and generally well tolerated. The most common adverse event for both products was flushing, 60% and 51%, for Bafiertam™ and Tecfidera®, respectively.ConclusionsBased on the statistical analysis results of the pharmacokinetic parameters of MMF, a single oral dose of two Bafiertam™ DR 95 mg capsules is bioequivalent to a single oral dose of one Tecfidera® DR 240 mg capsule.Clinical trial registrationThis study was retrospectively registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04570670) on 30 September, 2020.

Dataset Information

Vitamin D? and monomethyl fumarate enhance natural killer cell lysis of dendritic cells and ameliorate the clinical score in mice suffering from experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.

Publications

Vitamin D₃ and monomethyl fumarate enhance natural killer cell lysis of dendritic cells and ameliorate the clinical score in mice suffering from experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.

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