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Social determinants of disparities in weight among US children and adolescents.

ABSTRACT: To explore whether contextual variables attenuate disparities in weight among 18,639 US children and adolescents aged 2 to 18 years participating in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2001 to 2010.Disparities were assessed using the Symmetrized Rényi Index, a new measure that summarizes disparities in the severity of a disease, as well as the prevalence, across multiple population groups. Propensity score subclassification was used to ensure covariate balance between racial and ethnic subgroups and account for individual-level and contextual covariates.Before propensity score subclassification, significant disparities were evident in the prevalence of overweight and/or obesity and the degree of excess weight among overweight/obese children and adolescents. After propensity score subclassification, racial/ethnic disparities in the prevalence and severity of excess weight were completely attenuated within matched groups, indicating that racial and ethnic differences were explained by social determinants such as neighborhood socioeconomic and demographic factors.The limited overlap in covariate distributions between various racial/ethnic subgroups warrants further attention in disparities research. The attenuation of disparities within matched groups suggests that social determinants such as neighborhood socioeconomic factors may engender disparities in weight among US children and adolescents.

SUBMITTER: Rossen LM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4669563 | biostudies-other | 2014 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Social determinants of disparities in weight among US children and adolescents.

Rossen Lauren M LM Talih Makram M

Annals of epidemiology 20140801 10

<h4>Purpose</h4>To explore whether contextual variables attenuate disparities in weight among 18,639 US children and adolescents aged 2 to 18 years participating in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2001 to 2010.<h4>Methods</h4>Disparities were assessed using the Symmetrized Rényi Index, a new measure that summarizes disparities in the severity of a disease, as well as the prevalence, across multiple population groups. Propensity score subclassification was used to ensure cov ...[more]

PMID: 25174287

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Project description:AimThis systematic review aimed to identify the most important social, environmental, biological, and/or genetic risk factors for intellectual disability (ID).MethodsEligible were published prospective or retrospective comparative studies investigating risk factors for ID in children 4-18 years. Exclusions were single group studies with no comparator without ID and a sample size <100. Electronic databases (Medline, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, PsycInfo, Campbell Collaboration, and CINAHL) were searched for eligible publications from 1980 to 2020. Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal instruments, appropriate for study type, were used to assess study quality and risk of bias. Descriptive characteristics and individual study results were presented followed by the synthesis for individual risk factors, also assessed using GRADE.ResultsFifty-eight individual eligible studies were grouped into six exposure topics: sociodemographic; antenatal and perinatal; maternal physical health; maternal mental health; environmental; genetic or biological studies. There were few eligible genetic studies. For half the topics, the certainty of evidence (GRADE) was moderate or high.ConclusionMultiple studies have examined individual potential determinants of ID, but few have investigated holistically to identify those populations most at risk. Our review would indicate that there are vulnerable groups where risk factors we identified, such as low socioeconomic status, minority ethnicity, teenage motherhood, maternal mental illness, and alcohol abuse, may cluster, highlighting a target for preventive strategies. At-risk populations need to be identified and monitored so that interventions can be implemented when appropriate, at preconception, during pregnancy, or after birth. This could reduce the likelihood of ID and provide optimal opportunities for vulnerable infants.Systematic review registration[https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=120032], identifier [CRD42019120032].

Dataset Information

Social determinants of disparities in weight among US children and adolescents.

Publications

Social determinants of disparities in weight among US children and adolescents.

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