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Luminescence- and nanoparticle-mediated increase of light absorption by photoreceptor cells: Converting UV light to visible light.

ABSTRACT: We developed new optic devices - singly-doped luminescence glasses and nanoparticle-coated lenses that convert UV light to visible light - for improvement of visual system functions. Tb(3+) or Eu(3+) singly-doped borate glasses or CdS-quantum dot (CdS-QD) coated lenses efficiently convert UV light to 542 nm or 613 nm wavelength narrow-band green or red light, or wide-spectrum white light, and thereby provide extra visible light to the eye. In zebrafish (wild-type larvae and adult control animals, retinal degeneration mutants, and light-induced photoreceptor cell degeneration models), the use of Tb(3+) or Eu(3+) doped luminescence glass or CdS-QD coated glass lenses provide additional visible light to the rod and cone photoreceptor cells, and thereby improve the visual system functions. The data provide proof-of-concept for the future development of optic devices for improvement of visual system functions in patients who suffer from photoreceptor cell degeneration or related retinal diseases.

SUBMITTER: Li L

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4748410 | biostudies-other | 2016 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Project description:Electronic absorption spectra of proteins are primarily characterized over the ultraviolet region (185-320 nm) of the electromagnetic spectrum. While recent studies on peptide aggregates have revealed absorption beyond 350 nm, monomeric proteins lacking aromatic amino acids, disulphide bonds, and active site prosthetic groups are expected to remain optically silent beyond 250 nm. Here, in a joint theoretical and experimental investigation, we report the distinctive UV-Vis absorption spectrum between 250 nm [? = 7338 M-1 cm-1] and 800 nm [? = 501 M-1 cm-1] in a synthetic 67 residue protein (?3C), in monomeric form, devoid of aromatic amino acids. Systematic control studies with high concentration non-aromatic amino acid solutions revealed significant absorption beyond 250 nm for charged amino acids which constitute over 50% of the sequence composition in ?3C. Classical atomistic molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of ?3C reveal dynamic interactions between multiple charged sidechains of Lys and Glu residues present in ?3C. Time-dependent density functional theory calculations on charged amino acid residues sampled from the MD trajectories of ?3C reveal that the distinctive absorption features of ?3C may arise from two different types of charge transfer (CT) transitions involving spatially proximal Lys/Glu amino acids. Specifically, we show that the charged amino (NH3+)/carboxylate (COO-) groups of Lys/Glu sidechains act as electronic charge acceptors/donors for photoinduced electron transfer either from/to the polypeptide backbone or to each other. Further, the sensitivity of the CT spectra to close/far/intermediate range of encounters between sidechains of Lys/Glu owing to the three dimensional protein fold can create the long tail in the ?3C absorption profile between 300 and 800 nm. Finally, we experimentally demonstrate the sensitivity of ?3C absorption spectrum to temperature and pH-induced changes in protein structure. Taken together, our investigation significantly expands the pool of spectroscopically active biomolecular chromophores and adds an optical 250-800 nm spectral window, which we term ProCharTS (Protein Charge Transfer Spectra), for label free probes of biomolecular structure and dynamics.

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Luminescence- and nanoparticle-mediated increase of light absorption by photoreceptor cells: Converting UV light to visible light.

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