Anti-Aging and Tissue Regeneration Ability of Policosanol Along with Lipid-Lowering Effect in Hyperlipidemic Zebrafish via Enhancement of High-Density Lipoprotein Functionality.

ABSTRACT: We investigated the tissue regeneration and lipid-lowering effects of policosanol (PCO) by employing a hyperlipidemic zebrafish model. A reconstituted high-density lipoprotein containing policosanol (PCO-rHDL) facilitated greater cell growth and replication with less apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in BV-2 microglial cell lines. From in vivo study, injection of rHDL containing apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I) caused 76?±?4% (p?=?0.01) greater tissue regeneration activity than the phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) control, whereas PCO-rHDL caused 94?±?7% (p?=?0.002) increased regeneration. PCO in ethanol (EtOH) showed lower cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) inhibitory ability than did anacetrapib, whereas PCO-rHDL showed higher inhibitory ability than anacetrapib, suggesting a synergistic effect between PCO and rHDL. Following 9 weeks of PCO consumption, the PCO group (0.003% PCO in Tetrabit) showed the highest survivability (80%), whereas normal diet (ND) and high-cholesterol diet (HCD) control groups showed 67% and 70% survival rates, respectively. Supplementation with a HCD resulted in two-fold elevation of CETP activity along with 3- and 2.5-fold increases in serum total cholesterol (TC) and triglycerides (TGs) levels, respectively. Consumption of PCO for 9 weeks resulted in 40?±?5% (p?=?0.01 vs. HCD) and 33?±?4% (p?=?0.02 vs. HCD) reduction of TC and TGs levels, respectively. Serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level increased up to 37?±?2?mg/dL (p?=?0.004), whereas the percentage of HDL-C/TC increased up to 20?±?2% from 5?±?1% compared to the HCD control. The serum glucose level was reduced to 47?±?2% (p?=?0.002) compared to the HCD control. Fatty liver change and hepatic inflammation levels were remarkably increased upon HCD consumption and were two-fold higher than that under ND. However, the PCO group showed 58?±?5% (p?=?0.001) and 50?±?3% (p?=?0.006) reduction of inflammation enzyme levels and lipid content in hepatic tissue under HCD. In conclusion, PCO supplementation showed lipid-lowering and HDL-C-elevating effects with ameliorating fatty liver change. These in vivo anti-atherosclerotic and anti-diabetic effects of PCO are well associated with in vitro anti-apoptotic activities.

SUBMITTER: Lee EY 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4841090 | biostudies-other | 2016 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other