Correction: Cancer Mortality in People Treated with Antidepressants before Cancer Diagnosis: a Population Based Cohort Study.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Sun Y
PROVIDER: S-EPMC4859561 | biostudies-other | 2016
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other
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Project description:BackgroundDepression is common after a cancer diagnosis and is associated with an increased mortality, but it is unclear whether depression occurring before the cancer diagnosis affects cancer mortality. We aimed to study cancer mortality of people treated with antidepressants before cancer diagnosis.Methods and findingsWe conducted a population based cohort study of all adults diagnosed with cancer between January 2003 and December 2010 in Denmark (N = 201,662). We obtained information on cancer from the Danish Cancer Registry, on the day of death from the Danish Civil Registry, and on redeemed antidepressants from the Danish National Prescription Registry. Current users of antidepressants were defined as those who redeemed the latest prescription of antidepressant 0-4 months before cancer diagnosis (irrespective of earlier prescriptions), and former users as those who redeemed the latest prescription five or more months before cancer diagnosis. We estimated an all-cause one-year mortality rate ratio (MRR) and a conditional five-year MRR for patients who survived the first year after cancer diagnosis and confidence interval (CI) using a Cox proportional hazards regression model. Overall, 33,111 (16.4%) patients redeemed at least one antidepressant prescription in the three years before cancer diagnosis of whom 21,851 (10.8%) were current users at the time of cancer diagnosis. Current antidepressant users had a 32% higher one-year mortality (MRR = 1.32, 95% CI: 1.29-1.35) and a 22% higher conditional five-year mortality (MRR = 1.22, 95% CI: 1.17-1.26) if patients survived the first year after the cancer diagnosis than patients not redeeming antidepressants. The one-year mortality was particularly high for patients who initiated antidepressant treatment within four months before cancer diagnosis (MRR = 1.54, 95% CI: 1.47-1.61). Former users had no increased cancer mortality.ConclusionsInitiation of antidepressive treatment prior to cancer diagnosis is common and is associated with an increased mortality.
| S-EPMC4569483 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundSmoking is a well-known risk factor for colorectal cancer incidence; however, the effect of smoking before and after cancer diagnosis on mortality has not been addressed well. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the association of prediagnosis and postdiagnosis smoking status and mortality among colorectal cancer patients.MethodsA retrospective cohort consisted of 37,079 male colorectal cancer patients. Smoking status was defined from information within 2 years of colorectal cancer diagnosis for prediagnosis and at least 1 year later for postdiagnosis. The prediagnostic and postdiagnostic smoking status were categorized into four groups (nonsmoker/nonsmoker, nonsmoker/smoker, smoker/nonsmoker, and smoker/smoker). Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using the Cox proportional hazard model.ResultsDuring a median of 6.3 years of follow-up, a total of 3980 deaths and 2137 deaths from colorectal cancer occurred. The number of prediagnosis smokers were 11,100 and 62.4% of them quitted smoking after the diagnosis. Significantly elevated mortality rate in prediagnosis smokers was observed regardless of postdiagnosis smoking status (smoker/nonsmoker [HR, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.20-1.41] and smoker/smoker [HR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.09-1.34]). Among patients treated with surgical operation only, those who quit smoking after diagnosis showed lower mortality rates compared to continual smokers (HR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.67-0.96).ConclusionsSmoking before cancer diagnosis rather than postdiagnosis has stronger impact on prognosis colorectal cancer patients, and quitting smoking may improve survival, especially among early stage colorectal cancer patients.
| S-EPMC7774713 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundConcerns have been raised about access to cancer screening and the timely receipt of cancer care for people with an intellectual disability (ID). However, knowledge about cancer mortality as a potential consequence of these disparities is still limited. This study, therefore, compared cancer-related mortality patterns between people with and without ID.MethodsA historical cohort study (2015-2019) linked the Dutch adult population (approximately 12 million people with an ID prevalence of 1.45%) and mortality registries. Cancer-related mortality was identified by the underlying cause of death (according to the chapter on neoplasms in the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision). Observed mortality and calculated age- and sex-standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were reported.ResultsThere were 11,102 deaths in the ID population (21.7% cancer-related; n = 2408) and 730,405 deaths in the general population (31.2%; n = 228,120) available for analysis. Cancer was noted as the cause of death more often among people with ID in comparison with the general population (SMR, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.42-1.54), particularly in the young age groups. High-mortality cancers included cancers within the national screening program (SMRs, 1.43-1.94), digestive cancers (SMRs, 1.24-2.56), bladder cancer (SMR, 2.07; 95% CI, 1.61-2.54), and cancers of unknown primary (SMR, 2.48; 95% CI, 2.06-2.89).ConclusionsCancer was reported as the cause of death approximately 1.5 times more often in people with ID compared with the general population. This mortality disparity may indicate adverse effects from inequalities in screening and cancer care experienced by people with ID.Lay summaryPeople with an intellectual disability (ID) may find it challenging to participate in cancer screening or to receive timely cancer care. To understand potential consequences in terms of mortality, this study compared cancer-related mortality between people with and without ID in the Netherlands. Cancer was reported as the cause of death approximately 1.5 times more often among people with ID than others. Because large differences were found that were related to screening cancers and cancers for which the primary tumor was unknown, this study's results raise concerns about equality in screening practices and cancer care for people with ID.
| S-EPMC9299498 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Experimental data suggest that catecholamine hormones are involved in stimulating the aggressiveness of ovarian cancer, but few population-based studies have examined this association. We therefore conducted a population-based cohort study to examine whether ß-blockers affect mortality following ovarian cancer diagnosis.We used the Danish Cancer Registry to identify all patients diagnosed with ovarian cancer in northern Denmark between 1999 and 2010 (n=6,626). Data on medication use, comorbidity, and survival were obtained from medical databases. According to the last redeemed prescription before diagnosis, ß-blocker use was categorized as current (within ?90 days), previous (>90 days) or never. We used Cox proportional hazards regression to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) for all-cause mortality with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) adjusting for confounding factors.Among the ovarian cancer patients, 373 (5.6%) were current, 87 (1.3%) previous, and 6,166 (93.1%) were nonusers of ß-blockers. Median duration of use was 19.0 months among current users and 43.0 months among previous users. Median follow-up was 2.55 years (IQR: 0.81-9.23). Nonusers and current users of ß-blockers had similar comorbidity burden whereas previous users had moderate comorbidity more frequently. Compared with nonusers, the adjusted HR was 1.17 (95% CI: 1.02-1.34) for current users and 1.18 (95% CI: 0.90-1.55) for previous users. Secondary analyses stratifying by cancer stage and duration of ß-blocker use supported the overall results.We found no evidence that ß-blocker use was associated with decreased mortality following ovarian cancer diagnosis.
| S-EPMC3598679 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Postdiagnosis diet and alcohol consumption may be associated with cancer prognosis, recurrence and mortality. Our aim was to investigate food, nutrient and alcohol intake variations between before and after cancer diagnosis and their determinants in a prospective cohort. Subjects (n?=?696) were incident cancer cases diagnosed in the NutriNet-Santé cohort between 2009 and 2016. Food, nutrient and alcohol intakes were prospectively collected using repeated nonconsecutive 24-hr dietary records since subjects' inclusion (i.e. an average of 2 y before diagnosis). Mean number of dietary records per subject was 5.9 before and 8.1 after diagnosis. All dietary data before and after diagnosis were compared by mixed models. Factors associated with the main dietary changes observed were also investigated using multivariable logistic regressions. We observed a decrease in intakes of vegetables (mean decrease in intake in patients who decreased their intake=-102.4?±?79.8 g/d), dairy products (-93.9?±?82.8 g/d), meat/offal (-35.5?±?27.8/d), soy products (-85.8?±?104.1 g/d), sweetened soft drinks (-77.9?±?95.4 g/d), and alcoholic drinks (-92.9?±?119.9 g/d), and an increase in broths (42.1?±?34.9 g/d) and fats/sauces (18.0?±?13.4 g/d). We observed a decrease in energy intake (-377.2?±?243.5 kcal/d) and in intakes of alcohol (-7.6?±?9.4 g/d) proteins (-17.4?±?12.5 g/d), and several vitamins (p?<?0.05) and micronutrients (p?<?0.05). Conversely, lipid (19.4?±?14.6 g/d), SFA (9.3?±?7.0 g/d), MUFA (8.3?±?6.3 g/d) and vitamin E (3.9?±?3.3 mg/d) intakes increased after diagnosis. This large prospective study suggests that cancer diagnosis is a key period for nutritional changes. It highlights some healthy behaviors such as a decrease in alcohol and sweetened drink consumption, but also less favorable trends, such as a decrease in vegetable consumption and in many vitamin and mineral intakes. These results provide insights to identify and target recommendations to put forward for better nutritional care of cancer survivors.
| S-EPMC5655904 | biostudies-other
Project description:OBJECTIVES:Early diagnosis of childhood cancer is critical. Nevertheless, little is known about the potential role of inequality. This study aims to describe the use of primary care 2?years before a childhood cancer diagnosis and to investigate whether socioeconomic factors influence the use of consultations and diagnostic tests in primary care. DESIGN:A national population-based matched cohort study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS:This study uses observational data from four Danish nationwide registers. All children aged 0-15 diagnosed with cancer during 2008-2015 were included (n=1386). Each case was matched based on gender and age with 10 references (n=13?860). PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES:The primary outcome was additional rates for consultations and for invoiced diagnostic tests for children with cancer according to parental socioeconomic factors. Furthermore, we estimated the association between socioeconomic factors and frequent use of consultations, defined as at least four consultations, and the odds of receiving a diagnostic test within 3?months of diagnosis. RESULTS:Children with cancer from families with high income had 1.46 (95% CI 1.23 to 1.69) additional consultations 3?months before diagnosis, whereas children from families with low income had 1.85 (95% CI 1.60 to 2.11) additional consultations. The highest odds of frequent use of consultations was observed among children from low-income families (OR: 1.94, 95%?CI 1.24 to 3.03). A higher odds of receiving an invoiced diagnostic test was seen for children from families with mid-educational level (OR: 1.46, 95%?CI 1.09 to 1.95). CONCLUSION:We found a socioeconomic gradient in the use of general practice before a childhood cancer diagnosis. This suggests that social inequalities exist in the pattern of healthcare utilisation in general practice.
| S-EPMC6104784 | biostudies-literature
Project description:IntroductionEvidence suggests that many risk factors for cancer are overrepresented in people who experience incarceration, and data on cancer epidemiology are limited for this population. We aimed to describe cancer prevalence, incidence and mortality in adults admitted to provincial custody in Ontario, Canada in 2000.MethodsWe linked data on 48,166 adults admitted to provincial custody in Ontario in 2000 with Ontario Cancer Registry data to 2012. We calculated cancer prevalence in the 10 years prior to admission to custody in 2000, incidence between 2000 and 2012 and mortality between 2000 and 2011. Standardized for age, we calculated incidence and mortality ratios by sex compared to the general population of Ontario.ResultsThe 10-year cancer prevalence was 0.4% in men and 0.6% in women at admission to provincial custody in 2000. Between 2000 and 2012, 2.6% of men and 2.8% of women were diagnosed with new cancer. The standardized incidence ratio for cancer was 1.0 (95% CI 0.9-1.0) for men and 0.9 (95% CI 0.7-1.0) for women compared to the general population, and was significantly increased for cervical, head and neck, liver and lung cancers. The standardized mortality ratio was 1.6 (95% CI 1.4-1.7) in men and 1.4 (95% CI 1.0-1.9) in women, and was significantly increased for head and neck, liver, and lung cancers.ConclusionsThere is an excess burden of cancer in people who experience incarceration. Cancer prevention should include people who experience incarceration, and the period of incarceration may offer an opportunity for intervention.
| S-EPMC5321272 | biostudies-literature
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC6494588 | biostudies-literature
Project description:PURPOSE:To identify how severity of depression predicts future utilization of psychiatric care and antidepressants. METHODS:Data derived from a longitudinal population-based study in Stockholm, Sweden, include 10443 participants aged 20-64 years. Depression was assessed by Major Depression Inventory and divided into subsyndromal, mild, moderate and severe depression. Outcomes were the first time of hospitalization, specialized outpatient care and prescribed drugs obtained from national register records. The association between severity of depression and outcomes was tested by Cox regression analysis, after adjusting for gender, psychiatric treatment history and socio-environmental factors. RESULTS:The cumulative incidences of hospitalizations, outpatient care and antidepressants were 4.0, 11.2, and 21.9% respectively. Compared to the non-depressed group, people with different severity of depression (subsyndromal, mild, moderate and severe depression) all had significantly higher risk of all three psychiatric services (all log-rank test P < 0.001). Use of psychiatric care and antidepressants increased by rising severity of depression. Although the associations between severity of depression and psychiatric services were significant, the dose relationship was not present in people with previous psychiatric history or after adjusting for gender and other factors. CONCLUSIONS:People with subsyndromal to severe depression all have increased future psychiatric service utilization compared to non-depressed people.
| S-EPMC5959996 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Physical activity (PA) but also reduced sedentary behavior may be associated with better prognosis and lower risk of recurrence in cancer patients. Our aim was to quantify the variations in PA and time spent sedentary between before and after diagnosis, relying on prospective data in French adults. We also investigated sociodemographic and lifestyle factors associated with these variations.Subjects (n?=?942) were incident cancer cases diagnosed in the NutriNet-Santé cohort between 2009 and 2015. PA and sedentary behavior were prospectively collected with the 7-day short version of the IPAQ questionnaire every year since subjects' inclusion (i.e., an average of 2 year before diagnosis). All PA and sitting time points before and after diagnosis was compared by mixed model. Factors associated with decrease in PA and increase in sitting time were investigated using logistic regressions.Overall and vigorous PA decreased after diagnosis (P?=?0.006, -32.8?±?36.8?MET-hour/week on average, in those who decreased their overall PA and P?=?0.005, -21.1?±?36.8?MET-hour/week for vigorous PA, respectively), especially in prostate (-39.5?±?36.3?MET-hour/week) and skin (-35.9?±?38?MET-hour/week) cancers, in men (-40.8?±?46.3MET-hour/week), and in those professionally inactive (-34.2?±?37.1?MET-hour/week) (all P?<?0.05). Patients with higher PA level before diagnosis were more likely to decrease their PA (odds ratio [OR]: 4.67 [3.21-6.81], P?<?0.0001). Overweight patients more likely to decrease moderate PA (OR: 1.45 [1.11-1.89], P?=?0.006) and walking (OR: 1.30 [1.10-1.70], P?=?0.04). Sitting time increased (P?=?0.02, +2.44?±?2.43?hour/day on average, in those who increased their sitting time), especially in women (+2.48?±?2.48?hour/day), older patients (+2.48?±?2.57?hour/day), and those professionally inactive (2.41?±?2.40?hour/day) (all P?<?0.05). Patients less sedentary before diagnosis were more likely to increase their sitting time (OR: 3.29 [2.45-4.42], P?<?0.0001).This large prospective study suggests that cancer diagnosis is a key period for change in PA and sedentary behavior. It provides insights to target the subgroups of patients who are at higher risk of decreasing PA and increasing sedentary behavior after cancer diagnosis.
| S-EPMC5059029 | biostudies-literature