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Association of some psychosocial factors with anthropometric measures in nationally representative sample of Iranian adolescents: the CASPIAN-III study.

ABSTRACT: During the last two decades, adolescent obesity has increased in western countries. In Iran-as a developing country- the prevalence of obesity is raised among youngsters as well. This study conducted to identify an association of adolescents' loneliness, self-confidence and relationship with others in home and school environment with their weight status.In this cross-sectional national survey, 5682 students aged 10-18 years from urban and rural districts of 27 provinces of Iran were selected via stratified multi-stage sampling method. Data on psychological problems of students was gathered through a questionnaire. Height, weight, and waist circumferences were measured according to standard protocols. Body mass index (BMI) and waist- to-height ratio was calculated.Boys which did not have best friends, spend time with their friends after school or get acceptance from them, had higher BMI than others. Only girls who did not spend time with their friends had higher BMI (19.48 ± 4.28) vs. (19.09 ± 3.92) and WC (71.04 ± 21.29) vs. (69.15 ± 17.43) than others, P < 0.05. In both sexes, adolescents who had sense of pressure about doing homework or had difficulties in relationship with their parents had higher BMI and WC values. Girls who reported being victim of violent behaviors (being bullied), had lower BMI compared to others. Risk of being overweight and obese, but not abdominal obese was statistically higher in adolescents not having close friends (OR = 1.81, CI: 1.11-2.95). Lack of self-confidence increased only the risk of obesity in teens (OR = 1033, CI: 1.09-1.64).Our findings suggest that strategies for prevention of overweight and obesity in adolescent should be taking into account a deeper knowledge of psychosocial issues due to be able to design more effective programs for treating overweight teens.

SUBMITTER: Baygi F

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4888475 | biostudies-other | 2015

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Project description:Objectives:The present research was conducted aiming at assessing the association of socioeconomic inequality in the prevalence of risk factors associated with cardio-metabolic disorders in a sample population of nationally representative Iranian adolescents and to identify its influencing factors. Methods:This study was conducted as part of a national-based surveillance program performed on 5625 individuals aged 10-18 years in 27 provinces in Iran. To determine the socioeconomic status (SES) of participants, we defined a new variable by applying the principal component analysis. Doing so, the socioeconomic inequality in cardio-metabolic risk factors was examined over the tertiles of SES using concentration index (C). Then, Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition analysis was carried out in order to decide upon the roots of inequality in the health system. Results:The mean (standard deviation) age of participants was 14.73 (2.41) years. The prevalence of cardio-metabolic parameters had considerable difference across SES tertiles. Elevated fasting blood glucose (FBG), elevated triglycerides (TG), abdominal obesity, elevated total cholesterol (TC), and metabolic syndrome (MetS) increased linearly by increasing SES tertiles. C index for depressed high density lipoprotein- cholesterol (HDL-C) was negative, which was suggestive of inequality in favor of high SES groups and for other cardio-metabolic parameters, it was positive, which indicate inequality was in favor of the lowest SES groups. The highest gap between the first and third tertiles of socioeconomic was for frequency of abdominal obesity; 13.18% of the lowest SES groups and 20.11% of the highest SES groups had abdominal obesity which accounts 6.93% gap in favor of the highest SES groups. The living area could be named as the main variables standing for the inequality of elevated FBS, elevated LDL-c, low HDL-c and abdominal obesity frequency between the first and the last SES group. In addition, BMI could stand as the main independent variable explaining the gap in elevated TG, elevated TC, elevated BP and MetS prevalence across the lowest and the highest SES group. Conclusions:The study revealed the considerable inequality in the prevalence of cardio-metabolic risk factors between the highest and the lowest SES groups of Iranian adolescents. Living area and BMI are the two main factors which explained inequality in prevalence of cardio metabolic risk factors between SES groups. These estimations could provide health policy markers with practical information for future complementary analyses.

Project description:To estimate the prevalence and health correlates of insomnia symptoms and their association with comorbid mental disorders in a nationally representative sample of adolescents in the United States.National representative cross-sectional study.Population-based sample from the US adolescents.A total of 6,483 individuals aged between 13–18 y in the National Comorbidity Survey-Adolescent Supplement (NCS-A) with both individual and parental reports of mental health were included in this study. Participants were classified with insomnia symptoms if they reported difficulty initiating sleep, difficulty maintaining sleep, and/or early morning awakening, nearly every day for at least 2 w in the past year. Nearly one-third of adolescents reported insomnia symptoms for at least 2 w during the previous year. Hispanic and black youth were significantly more likely to report insomnia symptoms (42.0% and 41.3%, respectively) than non-Hispanic white youth (30.4%). Adolescents with insomnia symptoms were at a higher risk for all classes of mental disorders {odds ratio [OR] (95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.4 (2.9–4.0)} including mood, anxiety, behavioral, substance use, and eating disorders, suicidality [OR (95% CI): 2.63 (1.34–5.16)], poor perceived mental health [OR (95% CI): 2.01 (1.02–3.96)], chronic medical conditions [OR (95% CI): 1.94 (1.55–2.43)], smoking [OR (95% CI: 2.60 (1.00–6.72)], and obesity [OR (95% CI: 1.46 (1.10–1.93)] than those without insomnia symptoms. Adolescents with insomnia symptoms and comorbid mental disorders manifested even greater rates of these indicators of negative health behaviors and disorders than those with mental disorders alone (P < 0.05).Insomnia symptoms are reported by one-third of adolescents in the general population. Insomnia symptoms, even in the absence of concomitant depression or other mental disorders, are associated with serious health conditions, risk factors, and suicidality. Comorbid mental disorders potentiate the effect of insomnia symptoms on both physical and mental health. Further evaluation of the causes and effective interventions to reduce insomnia symptoms may have a significant effect on public health.

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Association of some psychosocial factors with anthropometric measures in nationally representative sample of Iranian adolescents: the CASPIAN-III study.

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