The optogenetic promise for oncology: Episode I.
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Ingles-Prieto A
PROVIDER: S-EPMC4905200 | biostudies-other | 2014 Oct-Dec
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other
Similar Datasets
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC5744688 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The introduction of biosimilars of biological agents for which the patents and exclusivity periods have expired is an attractive way of reducing healthcare spending through price competition with the reference product. In oncology, biosimilars of growth factors for supportive therapy were the pioneers; now, monoclonal antibody biosimilars are conquering the market. In Europe, this is currently limited to biosimilars of the monoclonal antibodies trastuzumab and rituximab. However, the pipeline is full and several monoclonal antibody biosimilars in oncology are now in late-stage development. We are expecting not only more biosimilar versions of the top 3 blockbuster monoclonal antibodies, trastuzumab, rituximab and bevacizumab, to enter the market; as patent expiration of multiple other cancer biologicals will occur in the next few years, the biosimilar landscape will become much more diversified. Several biosimilars of monoclonal antibodies used in targeted therapy such as cetuximab, pertuzumab, or denosumab are in early development.
| S-EPMC6465746 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Successful treatment of first-episode psychosis is one of the major factors that impacts long-term prognosis. Currently, there are no satisfactory biological markers (biomarkers) to predict which patients with a first-episode psychosis will respond to which treatment. In addition, a non-negligible rate of patients does not respond to any treatment or may develop side effects that affect adherence to the treatments as well as negatively impact physical health. Thus, there clearly is a pressing need for defining biomarkers that may be helpful to predict response to treatment and sensitivity to side effects in first-episode psychosis. The present systematic review provides (1) trials that assessed biological markers associated with antipsychotic response or side effects in first-episode psychosis and (2) potential biomarkers associated with biological disturbances that may guide the choice of conventional treatments or the prescription of innovative treatments. Trials including first-episode psychoses are few in number. Most of the available data focused on pharmacogenetics markers with so far only preliminary results. To date, these studies yielded-beside markers for metabolism of antipsychotics-no or only a few biomarkers for response or side effects, none of which have been implemented in daily clinical practice. Other biomarkers exploring immunoinflammatory, oxidative, and hormonal disturbances emerged as biomarkers of first-episode psychoses in the last decades, and some of them have been associated with treatment response. In addition to pharmacogenetics, further efforts should focus on the association of emergent biomarkers with conventional treatments or with innovative therapies efficacy, where some preliminary data suggest promising results.
| S-EPMC4393702 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Epigenetic processes are essential for normal development and the maintenance of tissue-specific gene expression in mammals. Changes in gene expression and malignant cellular transformation can result from disruption of epigenetic mechanisms, and global disruption in the epigenetic landscape is a key feature of cancer. The study of epigenetics in cancer has revealed that human cancer cells harbor both genetic alterations and epigenetic abnormalities that interplay at all stages of cancer development. Unlike genetic mutations, epigenetic aberrations are potentially reversible through epigenetic therapy, providing a therapeutically relevant treatment option. Histone methyltransferase inhibitors are emerging as an epigenetic therapy approach with great promise in the field of clinical oncology. The recent accelerated approval of the enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2; also known as histone-lysine N-methyltransferase EZH2) inhibitor tazemetostat for metastatic or locally advanced epithelioid sarcoma marks the first approval of such a compound for the treatment of cancer. Many other histone methyltransferase inhibitors are currently in development, some of which are being tested in clinical studies. This review focuses on histone methyltransferase inhibitors, highlighting their potential in the treatment of cancer. We also discuss the role for such epigenetic drugs in overcoming epigenetically driven drug resistance mechanisms, and their value in combination with other therapeutic approaches such as immunotherapy.
| S-EPMC7467409 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundWeb-based mental health interventions (e-MhIs) show promise for increasing accessibility and acceptability of therapy for cancer patients.AimThis study aimed to elicit health professionals' (HPs) views on optimal models for including e-MhIs within standard cancer care.Materials & methodCancer HPs who worked in a service where an e-MhI was available to patients, and multi-disciplinary HPs interested in supportive care, were invited to participate via email. In semi-structured phone interviews, participants' views on e-MhIs were elicited. They were then presented with five model vignettes varying in local and centralised staff input, and asked to indicate their preference and views on each. A thematic analysis was applied to the data.ResultsTwelve nurses, nine psychologists, seven social workers, and three oncologists participated. Four key themes were identified: looking after patients, relationships and multidisciplinary care, trust, and feasibility, all contributing to a meta-theme of tension. Participants were motivated to ensure optimal patient outcomes and thus needed to trust the intervention content and process. They believed personal relationships increased patient engagement while affording greater work satisfaction for HPs. Most participants preferred a fully integrated model of care involving local HP assessment and design of a tailored therapy incorporating some e-MhI components where appropriate, but recognised this gold standard was likely not feasible given current resources.Discussion and conclusionCo-design with local staff of optimal models of care for the content and process of implementing e-MhIs is required, with due consideration of the patient group, staffing levels, local workflows and HP preferences, to ensure sustainability and optimal patient outcomes.Clinical trial registrationThe ADAPT Cluster RCT is registered with the ANZCTR Registration number: ACTRN12617000411347.
| S-EPMC9546389 | biostudies-literature
Project description:We elucidate the transcriptome effects of optogenetics on developing neural stem cells population. The application of optogenetics in neural stem cell (NSC), allow photo-modulation of NSC in an activity-dependent manner. This provided spatio-temporal tool for studying activity dependent neurogenesis, including the potential of regulating the differentiation and maturation process of transplanted NSC. Currently, this is mainly driven by virally transfected of Channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) gene, which also requires high irradiance and complex in vitro stimulation systems. Additionally, despite the extensive application of optogenetics in neuroscience, the question of what transcriptome changes does optogenetic stimulation induced in developing NSCs have not been elucidated yet. To address these questions, we established a NSC line, expressing high light-sensitivity step-function opsin (SFO) variant of the chimeric channelrhodopsin, ChRFR(C167A) (~40x higher than ChR2), via the non-viral piggyBac transposon system. We set up a simple low-irradiance optogenetics stimulation-incubation system, which sufficiently induced depolarization in differentiating NSCs. We significantly enhance neurogenesis with low power optogenetic stimulation by 3 folds. Through microarray analysis, we have identified the genes and signaling pathways in axonal remodeling, synaptic plasticity and microenvironment modulation from optogenetic stimulation. Our results elucidate the transcriptome effects of optogenetics and the ability to drive neurogenesis with low irradiance optogenetics.
2017-11-04 | GSE106515 | GEO
Project description:Comparison of wild type barley plants versus plants over-expressing ODDSOC2; a vernalization responsive MADS box gene ****[PLEXdb(http://www.plexdb.org) has submitted this series at GEO on behalf of the original contributor, Aaron Greenup. The equivalent experiment is BB93 at PLEXdb.]
2010-05-13 | GSE21804 | GEO
Project description:The present study focused on manic episode in bipolar disorder (BD) patients, and to investigate state-specific transcriptome alterations between acute episode and remission, including mRNAs, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and miRNAs using Affymetrix Human Transcriptome Array 2.0.
2018-10-31 | GSE121963 | GEO
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC8771086 | biostudies-literature