Adoption of transoral robotic surgery compared with other surgical modalities for treatment of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Cracchiolo JR
PROVIDER: S-EPMC5019352 | biostudies-other | 2016 Sep
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other
Publications
Adoption of transoral robotic surgery compared with other surgical modalities for treatment of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.
Cracchiolo Jennifer R JR Roman Benjamin R BR Kutler David I DI Kuhel William I WI Cohen Marc A MA
Journal of surgical oncology 20160708 4
<h4>Background and objectives</h4>Transoral robotic surgery (TORS) has increased for treatment of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC). To define the adoption of TORS, we analyzed patterns of surgical treatment for OPSCC in the US.<h4>Methods</h4>Cases of T1-T3 OPSCC treated with surgery between 2010 and 2013 from the National Cancer Database were queried.<h4>Results</h4>Of 3,071 patients who underwent primary surgical management for T1-T3 OPSCC, 846 (28%) underwent TORS. On multivariab ...[more]
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Project description:ObjectiveTo examine the long-term functional and oncologic results in patients who underwent transoral robotic surgery (TORS) as primary therapy or as part of combined therapy for oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma arising in the tonsil or base of tongue.Patients and methodsWe reviewed a prospective TORS database of patients with squamous cell carcinoma arising in the tonsil or base of tongue treated between March 2007 and February 2009 to determine oncologic outcomes at 24 months or more of follow-up. The presenting tumor stage, histopathologic factors, surgical margins, and adjuvant treatment extent were evaluated. Functional outcomes included gastrostomy tube dependence and tracheostomy dependence. Oncologic outcomes included local, regional, and distant control and disease-specific and recurrence-free survival.ResultsA total of 66 TORS patients were followed up for a minimum of 2 years. Most (97.0%; 64 of 66) were able to eat orally within 3 weeks after surgery before starting adjuvant therapy. Long-term gastrostomy tube use was required in 3 of the 66 (4.5%) and long-term tracheotomy in 1 (1.5%). Three-year estimated local control and regional control were 97.0% and 94.0%, respectively. Two-year disease-specific survival and recurrence-free survival were 95.1% and 92.4%, respectively.ConclusionWith appropriate adjuvant therapy, TORS achieves excellent functional results for patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Oncologic outcomes are equivalent or superior to results of other surgical and nonsurgical treatments.
| S-EPMC3538408 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundThe impact of close surgical margins on oncologic outcomes in HPV-related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HPV + OPSCC) is unclear.MethodsRetrospective case series including patients undergoing single modality transoral robotic surgery (TORS) for HPV + OPSCC at three academic medical centers from 2010 to 2019. Outcomes were compared between patients with close surgical margins (<1 mm or requiring re-resection) and clear margins using the Kaplan-Meier method.ResultsNinety-nine patients were included (median follow-up 21 months, range 6-121). Final margins were close in 22 (22.2%) patients, clear in 75 (75.8%), and positive in two (2.0%). Eight patients (8.1%) recurred, including two local recurrences (2.0%). Four patients died during the study period (4.0%). Local control (p = 0.470), disease-free survival (p = 0.513), and overall survival (p = 0.064) did not differ between patients with close and clear margins.ConclusionsPatients with close surgical margins after TORS for HPV + OPSCC without concurrent indications for adjuvant therapy may be considered for observation alone.
| S-EPMC9361190 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ImportanceTransoral robotic surgery has been widely adopted since approval by the US Food and Drug Administration in December 2009, despite limited comparative data.ObjectiveTo compare the long-term outcomes of transoral robotic surgery with those of nonrobotic surgery for patients with early-stage oropharyngeal cancer.Design, setting, and participantsA retrospective cohort comparative effectiveness analysis was performed of patients in the National Cancer Database with clinical T1 and T2 oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma diagnosed between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2015, who underwent definitive robotic and nonrobotic surgery. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis and propensity score matching were performed in patients with known human papillomavirus status to adjust for patient- and disease-related covariates. Survival after robotic and nonrobotic surgery was also compared in 3 unrelated cancers: prostate, endometrial, and cervical cancer. Statistical analysis was performed from April 10, 2019, to May 21, 2020.Main outcomes and measuresOverall survival.ResultsOf 9745 patients (7652 men [78.5%]; mean [SD] age, 58.8 [9.6] years) who met inclusion criteria, 2694 (27.6%) underwent transoral robotic surgery. There was a significant increase in the use of robotic surgery from 18.3% (240 of 1309) to 35.5% (654 of 1841) of all surgical procedures for T1 and T2 oropharyngeal cancers from 2010 to 2015 (P = .003). Robotic surgery was associated with lower rates of positive surgical margins (12.5% [218 of 1746] vs 20.3% [471 of 2325]; P < .001) and lower use of adjuvant chemoradiotherapy (28.6% [500 of 1746] vs 35.7% [831 of 2325]; P < .001). Among 4071 patients with known human papillomavirus status, robotic surgery was associated with improved overall survival compared with nonrobotic surgery in multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression (hazard ratio [HR], 0.74; 95 CI, 0.61-0.90; P = .002). Similar results were seen when analyzing only the subset of facilities offering both robotic and nonrobotic surgery. The 5-year overall survival was 84.8% vs 80.3% among patients undergoing robotic vs nonrobotic surgery in propensity score-matched cohorts (P = .001). By contrast, there was no evidence that robotic surgery was associated with improved survival in other cancers, such as prostate cancer (HR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.79-1.07; P = .26), endometrial cancer (HR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.90-1.04; P = .36), and cervical cancer (HR, 1.27; 95% CI, 0.96-1.69; P = .10).Conclusions and relevanceThis study suggests that transoral robotic surgery was associated with improved surgical outcomes and survival compared with nonrobotic surgery in patients with early-stage oropharyngeal cancer. Evaluation in comparative randomized trials is warranted.
| S-EPMC7441465 | biostudies-literature
Project description:IntroductionThe aim of this study was to investigate the impact of primary transoral robotic surgery (TORS) versus radiotherapy (RT) on progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and 1-year swallowing function for patients with early-stage HPV-associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC).MethodsPatients with stage I-II (AJCC 8th Ed.) HPV-associated OPSCC treated with TORS followed by risk-adapted adjuvant therapy or (chemo)radiotherapy between 2014 and 2019 were identified. PFS, OS, and swallowing outcomes including gastrostomy tube (GT) use/dependence, and Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS) change over 1 year were compared.ResultsOne hundred sixty-seven patients were analyzed: 116 treated with TORS with or without adjuvant RT and 51 treated with RT (50 chemoRT). The RT group had more advanced tumor/nodal stage, higher comorbidity, and higher rates of concurrent chemotherapy. There were no differences in 3-year PFS (88% TORS vs. 75% RT) or OS (90% vs. 81%) between groups, which persisted after adjusting for stage, age, and comorbidity. GT use/dependence rates were higher in the RT group. Mean (SD) FOIS scores in the TORS group were 6.9 (0.4) at baseline and 6.4 (1.0) at 1 year, compared with 6.7 (0.6) and 5.6 (1.7) for the RT group. Only clinical nodal stage was found to be significantly associated with FOIS change from baseline to 1 year.ConclusionThere were no differences in PFS or OS between patients treated with primary TORS or RT for early-stage HPV-associated OPSCC. Clinical N2 status is associated with FOIS change at 1 year and may be the major factor affecting long-term swallowing function, irrespective of primary treatment modality.
| S-EPMC10631491 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundTreatment of human papillomavirus-related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HPVOPC) results in unprecedented high survival rates but possibly unnecessary toxicity. We hypothesized that upfront surgery and neck dissection followed by reduced-dose adjuvant therapy for early and intermediate HPVOPC would ultimately result in equivalent progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival while reducing toxicity.MethodsThis study was a nonrandomized phase II trial for early-stage HPVOPC treated with transoral robotic surgery (TORS) followed by reduced-dose radiotherapy. Patients with previously untreated p16-positive HPVOPC and <20 pack years' smoking history were enrolled. After robotic surgery, patients were assigned to group 1 (no poor risk features; surveillance), group 2 (intermediate pathologic risk factors [perineural invasion, lymphovascular invasion]; 50-Gy radiotherapy), or group 3 (poor prognostic pathologic factors [extranodal extension [ENE], more than three positive lymph nodes and positive margin]; concurrent 56-Gy chemoradiotherapy with weekly cisplatin).ResultsFifty-four patients were evaluable; there were 25 in group 1, 15 in group 2, and 14 in group 3. Median follow-up was 43.9 months (9.6-75.8). Disease-specific survival was 98.1%, and PFS was 90.7%. PFS probability via Kaplan-Meier was 91.3% for group 1, 86.7% for group 2, and 93.3% for group 3. There were five locoregional failures (LRFs), including one distant metastasis and one contralateral second primary. Average time to LRF was 18.9 months (9.6-59.0); four LRFs were successfully salvaged, and the patients remain disease free (11.0-42.7 months); one subject remains alive with disease.ConclusionThe results indicate that upfront surgery with neck dissection with reduced-dose radiation for T1-2, N1 stage (by the eighth edition American Joint Committee on Cancer staging manual) HPVOPC results in favorable survival with excellent function in this population. These results support radiation dose reduction after TORS as a de-escalation strategy in HPVOPC.Implications for practiceTransoral robotic surgery can provide a safe platform for de-escalation in carefully selected patients with early-stage human papillomavirus-related oropharyngeal cancer. In this clinical trial, disease-specific survival was 100%, over 90% of the cohort had a reduction of therapy from standard of care with excellent functional results, and the five patients with observed locoregional failures were successfully salvaged.
| S-EPMC8176976 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveWe analyzed the outcomes for patients with a retropharyngeal internal carotid artery (ICA) who underwent a transoral robotic surgery (TORS) procedure involving a cervical-transoral robotic oropharyngectomy course with free flap reconstruction.MethodsPatients were included in the prospective multicentric trial NCT02517125. These patients were scheduled to undergo surgery for an oropharyngeal localization. By pre-operative CT scan and MRI it was determined that they had a retropharyngeal internal carotid artery.ResultsThree patients had a retropharyngeal ICA: a patient with a 35 mm synovial sarcoma of the tonsillar fossa, a patient with a T2N2b squamous-cell carcinoma (SCC) of the glossotonsillar sulcus, and a patient with a T3N0 SCC of the tonsillar fossa in a previously irradiated field. These patients encountered neither preoperative nor postoperative complications.ConclusionsIn our experience, TORS for oropharyngeal cancers appears to be feasible in patients with a retropharyngeal ICA, provided that the procedure has been adapted for complex situations.Level of evidence4.
| S-EPMC5915826 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background/Objective: The incidence of oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) remains significant, with a rising prevalence of HPV-positive (HPV+) cases, underscoring the growing importance of appropriate treatment approaches for this condition. While HPV+ OPC typically exhibits a more favorable prognosis than HPV-negative (HPV-) OPC, certain HPV+ OPC patients still face adverse outcomes. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of TORS versus traditional surgery in treating OPC patients and investigate the prognostic implications of specific variants in the HPV genome. Methods: The clinical information, including pathological features, treatments, and outcomes (death), of 135 OPC patients treated with traditional surgery from 2008 to 2018 (the non-TORS group) and 130 OPC patients treated with TORS from 2017 to 2021 (the TORS group) were obtained from Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center (SYSUCC). A comparative analysis of 3-year overall survival (OS) was performed between these two groups. Furthermore, we conducted next-generation sequencing for the HPV16 genome of the 68 HPV+ OPC cases to characterize single-nucleotide variations (SNVs) in the HPV16 genome and evaluate its association with HPV+ OPC patient survival. Results: The comparative analysis of 3-year OS between the two groups (TORS vs. non-TORS) revealed a significant prognostic improvement in the TORS group for OPC patients with a T1-T2 classification (89.3% vs. 72.0%; p = 1.1 × 10-2), stages I-II (92.1% vs. 82.2%; p = 4.6 × 10-2), and stages III-IV (82.8% vs. 62.2%; p = 5.7 × 10-2) and for HPV- patients (85.5% vs. 33.3%; p < 1.0 × 10-6). Furthermore, three SNVs (SNV1339A>G, SNV1950A>C, and SNV4298A>G) in the HPV16 genome were identified as being associated with worse survival. These SNVs could alter protein interactions and weaken the binding affinity for MHC-II, promoting viral amplification and immune evasion. Conclusions: TORS exhibited a superior prognosis to traditional surgery in OPC patients. Additionally, identifying specific SNVs within the HPV16 genome provided potential prognostic markers for HPV+ OPC. These significant findings hold clinical relevance for treatment decision-making and prognostic assessment in patients with OPC.
| S-EPMC11313069 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveTo investigate perception, adoption and awareness of otolaryngologist-head neck surgeons (OTO-HNS) toward transoral robotic surgery (TORS).MethodsAn online survey was sent to 1383 OTO-HNS on the perception, adoption and awareness about TORS to members of many otolaryngological societies. The following aspects were assessed: TORS access; training; awareness/perception; indications and advantages/barriers to TORS practice. The responses were presented for the entire cohort and regarding the TORS experience of OTO-HNS.ResultsA total of 359 completed the survey (26%); including 115 TORS surgeons. TORS-surgeons carry out a mean number of 34.4 annual TORS procedures. The primary barriers to TORS were the cost of the robot (74%) and disposable accessories (69%), and the lack of training opportunity (38%). The 3D view of the surgical field (66%), the postoperative quality of life outcomes (63%) and the shorter hospital stay (56%) were the most important benefits of TORS. TORS-surgeons believed more frequently that TORS is indicated for cT1-T2 oropharyngeal and supraglottic cancers than non-TORS surgeons (p < .005). Participants believed that the priorities for the future consisted of the reduction of the robot arm size and the incorporation of flexible instruments (28%); the integration of laser (25%) or GPS tracking based on imaging (18%), all of them to improve accesses to hypopharynx (24%), supraglottic larynx (23%) and vocal folds (22%).ConclusionsThe perception, adoption and knowledges toward TORS depend on the access to robot. The findings of this survey may help guide decisions on how improve the dissemination of TORS interest and awareness.
| S-EPMC9948589 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Transoral robotic surgery (TORS) has emerged as a technique that allows head and neck surgeons to safely resect large and complex oropharyngeal tumors without dividing the mandible or performing a lip-split incision. These resections provide a reconstructive challenge because the cylinder of the oropharynx remains closed and both physical access and visualization of oropharyngeal anatomy is severely restricted. Transoral robotic reconstruction (TORRS) of such defects allows the reconstructive surgeon to inset free flaps or perform adjacent tissue transfer while seeing what the resecting surgeon sees. Early experience with this technique has proved feasible and effective. Robotic reconstruction has many distinct advantages over conventional surgery, and offers patients a less morbid surgical course. In this review, we discuss the clinical applicability of transoral robotic surgery in head and neck reconstruction, highlighting the benefits and limitations of such an approach, and outlining the guidelines for its utilization.
| S-EPMC3948381 | biostudies-other
Project description:ObjectivesTransoral robotic surgery (TORS) has emerged as a minimally invasive approach for oropharyngeal cancer, aiming to improve functional preservation and reduce morbidity. However, the long-term effects on speech and swallowing, crucial aspects of quality of life, remain unclear. This study investigates the long-term functional swallowing and speech outcomes of TORS for oropharyngeal cancer.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed 41 patients diagnosed with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma who underwent TORS from 2010 to 2018. Tongue mobility, articulation, verbal diadochokinesis, reading speed, and modified barium swallowing tests were performed 2-3 years post-operatively to assess long-term speech and swallowing function.ResultsThe mean age was 57.7 ± 9.9 years, and the male to female ratio was 34:7. The palatine tonsil was the most common tumor site (73.2%), followed by the base of tongue (22.0%). Concurrent neck dissection was performed in 97.6% of patients, and adjuvant radiation or chemoradiation was administered to 36 patients (87.8%). Tongue mobility, articulation, verbal diadochokinesis, and reading speed were comparable to normal population. Modified barium swallowing tests revealed acceptable outcomes in most patients; only one patient (2.4%) required a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube. Notably, no permanent tracheostomies were necessary.ConclusionsLong-term speech and swallowing functions were preserved in most patients treated with TORS for oropharyngeal cancer. TORS is an excellent treatment modality for oropharyngeal cancer in terms of functional outcomes.
| S-EPMC10864447 | biostudies-literature