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Health system barriers and facilitators to medication adherence for the secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease: a systematic review.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Secondary prevention is cost-effective for cardiovascular disease (CVD), but uptake is suboptimal. Understanding barriers and facilitators to adherence to secondary prevention for CVD at multiple health system levels may inform policy. OBJECTIVES:To conduct a systematic review of barriers and facilitators to adherence/persistence to secondary CVD prevention medications at health system level. METHODS:Included studies reported effects of health system level factors on adherence/persistence to secondary prevention medications for CVD (coronary artery or cerebrovascular disease). Studies considered at least one of ? blockers, statins, angiotensin-renin system blockers and aspirin. Relevant databases were searched from 1 January 1966 until 1 October 2015. Full texts were screened for inclusion by 2 independent reviewers. RESULTS:Of 2246 screened articles, 25 studies were included (12 trials, 11 cohort studies, 1 cross-sectional study and 1 case-control study) with 132?140 individuals overall (smallest n=30, largest n=63?301). 3 studies included upper middle-income countries, 1 included a low middle-income country and 21 (84%) included high-income countries (9 in the USA). Studies concerned established CVD (n=4), cerebrovascular disease (n=7) and coronary heart disease (n=14). Three studies considered persistence and adherence. Quantity and quality of evidence was limited for adherence, persistence and across drug classes. Studies were concerned with governance and delivery (n=19, including 4 trials of fixed-dose combination therapy, FDC), intellectual resources (n=1), human resources (n=1) and health system financing (n=4). Full prescription coverage, reduced copayments, FDC and counselling were facilitators associated with higher adherence. CONCLUSIONS:High-quality evidence on health system barriers and facilitators to adherence to secondary prevention medications for CVD is lacking, especially for low-income settings. Full prescription coverage, reduced copayments, FDC and counselling may be effective in improving adherence and are priorities for further research.

SUBMITTER: Banerjee A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5030589 | biostudies-other | 2016

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Health system barriers and facilitators to medication adherence for the secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease: a systematic review.

Banerjee Amitava A Khandelwal Shweta S Nambiar Lavanya L Saxena Malvika M Peck Victoria V Moniruzzaman Mohammed M Faria Neto Jose Rocha JR Quinto Katherine Curi KC Smyth Andrew A Leong Darryl D Werba José Pablo JP

Open heart 20160914 2

<h4>Background</h4>Secondary prevention is cost-effective for cardiovascular disease (CVD), but uptake is suboptimal. Understanding barriers and facilitators to adherence to secondary prevention for CVD at multiple health system levels may inform policy.<h4>Objectives</h4>To conduct a systematic review of barriers and facilitators to adherence/persistence to secondary CVD prevention medications at health system level.<h4>Methods</h4>Included studies reported effects of health system level factor ...[more]

PMID: 27738515

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Project description:ObjectiveTo identify barriers and facilitators of medication adherence in patients with stroke along with their caregivers.DesignQualitative thematic analysis of posts about secondary prevention medications, informed by Perceptions and Practicalities Approach.SettingPosts written by the UK stroke survivors and their family members taking part in the online forum of the Stroke Association, between 2004 and 2011.Participants84 participants: 49 stroke survivors, 33 caregivers, 2 not stated, identified using the keywords 'taking medication', 'pills', 'size', 'side-effects', 'routine', 'blister' as well as secondary prevention medication terms.ResultsPerceptions reducing the motivation to adhere included dealing with medication side effects, questioning doctors' prescribing practices and negative publicity about medications, especially in regard to statins. Caregivers faced difficulties with ensuring medications were taken while respecting the patient's decisions not to take tablets. They struggled in their role as advocates of patient's needs with healthcare professionals. Not experiencing side effects, attributing importance to medications, positive personal experiences of taking tablets and obtaining modification of treatment to manage side effects were facilitators of adherence. Key practical barriers included difficulties with swallowing tablets, dealing with the burden of treatment and drug cost. Using medication storage devices, following routines and getting help with medications from caregivers were important facilitators of adherence.ConclusionsAn online stroke forum is a novel and valuable resource to investigate use of secondary prevention medications. Analysis of this forum highlighted significant barriers and facilitators of medication adherence faced by stroke survivors and their caregivers. Addressing perceptual and practical barriers highlighted here can inform the development of future interventions aimed at improving adherence to secondary prevention medication after stroke.

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Health system barriers and facilitators to medication adherence for the secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease: a systematic review.

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Health system barriers and facilitators to medication adherence for the secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease: a systematic review.

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