Dataset Information

Influence of Proximal, Distal, and Vestibular Frames of Reference in Object-Place Paired Associate Learning in the Rat.

ABSTRACT: Object-place paired associate learning has been used to test hypotheses regarding the neurobiological basis of memory in rodents. Much of this work has focused on the role of limbic and hippocampal-parahippocampal regions, as well as the use of spatial information derived from allothetic visual stimuli to determine location in an environment. It has been suggested that idiothetic self-motion (vestibular) signals and internal representations of directional orientation might play an important role in disambiguating between spatial locations when forming object-place associations, but this hypothesis has not been explicitly tested. In the present study, we investigated the relationship between allothetic (i.e., distal and proximal cues) and vestibular stimuli on performance of an object-place paired-associate task. The paired-associate task was composed of learning to discriminate between an identical pair of objects presented in 180° opposite arms of a radial arm maze. Thus, animals were required to select a particular object on the basis of spatial location (i.e., maze arm). After the animals acquired the object-place rule, a series of probe tests determined that rats utilize self-generated vestibular cues to discriminate between the two maze arms. Further, when available, animals showed a strong preference for local proximal cues associated with the maze. Together, the work presented here supports the establishment of an object-place task that requires both idiothetic and allothetic stimulus sources to guide choice behavior, and which can be used to further investigate the dynamic interactions between neural systems involved in pairing sensory information with spatial locations.

SUBMITTER: Sanchez LM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5033391 | biostudies-other | 2016

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Publications

Influence of Proximal, Distal, and Vestibular Frames of Reference in Object-Place Paired Associate Learning in the Rat.

Sanchez Lilliana M LM Thompson Shannon M SM Clark Benjamin J BJ

PloS one 20160922 9

Object-place paired associate learning has been used to test hypotheses regarding the neurobiological basis of memory in rodents. Much of this work has focused on the role of limbic and hippocampal-parahippocampal regions, as well as the use of spatial information derived from allothetic visual stimuli to determine location in an environment. It has been suggested that idiothetic self-motion (vestibular) signals and internal representations of directional orientation might play an important role ...[more]

PMID: 27658299

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Project description:High tibial osteotomy is a common procedure to address unicompartment knee osteoarthritis and other conditions. Regarding the specific surgical methods, medial open wedge osteotomy and lateral close wedge osteotomy are the most used. Both methods have a common disadvantage in that they are not so suitable to correct a severe deformity. Thus, we would like to introduce an anterior proximal-to-posterior distal oblique proximal tibial osteotomy technique, which is especially suitable to correct severe tibial deformity. The most critical point of this technique is to create an osteotomy plane from the most proximal posterior site of the tibial tubercle posteriorly and distally to the posterior cortex of the tibia, with each horizontal osteotomy maneuver in the coronal plane. Combined fibular osteotomy is always needed, and better results can be obtained when it is combined with arthroscopic debridement of the knee. We consider the introduction of this technique will provide a useful option when tibial osteotomy is needed to preserve the knee, especially for a great deformity correction. Technique Video Video 1 Anterior proximal-to-posterior distal oblique proximal tibial osteotomy. This procedure is performed in the right knee. Arthroscopy is performed to confirm the osteoarthritis status of the medial compartment and the healthier status of the lateral compartment. Debridement and other indicated arthroscopic procedures are performed. A K-wire is drilled in the coronal plane from the medial to the lateral side of the tibia at a level approximately 1 cm distal to the joint line, parallels the joint line as far as possible, and is used as a proximal reference wire. Another K-wire is drilled into the tibia also in the coronal plane at a level in the distal one third of the leg and used as a distal reference wire. The angle between the 2 reference wires is controlled being equal to the to-be-corrected angle of the tibia as far as possible. A longitudinal incision is made over the midline of the medial surface of the tibia. The pes anserinus is peeled off from its tibial insertion. A K-wire is placed at the most proximal and posterior site of the tibial tubercle and an osteotomy line is marked posterodistally to the posteromedial ridge of the tibia with 30° angulation to the tibial axis. The posterior osteofascial compartments are opened at the distal end of the osteotomy line. A 2.5-mm K-wire is used to drill through the medial tibial cortex along the osteotomy line to make a line of holes with approximately 5 mm distance between the neighboring holes. An osteotome is used to cut the bone and connect the holes along the osteotomy line at the medial side of the tibia. The lateral tibial cortex is drilled through the medial tibial fissure with each drilling maneuver along the coronal plane, to create a line of holes on the lateral side of the tibia. The osteotome is put into the fissure at the medial side of the tibia to connect the holes on the lateral side of the tibia to create an osteotomy plane. The distal posterior tibial cortex is cut along the osteotomy plane. A K-wire is drilled perpendicular to the coronal plane through the middle of the osteotomy plane. A fibula osteotomy is performed at its middle point with a wire saw. Valgus stress is applied to correct the varus deformity of the tibia till the 2 reference wires parallel to each other. Two additional K-wires are placed across the osteotomy plane for temporary fixation of the fracture. A tibial condyle plate is placed at the medial side of the tibia. Four self-locking screws are placed in respectively at the proximal and distal segments of the tibia for fracture fixation. The K wires for temporary fixation and correction reference are removed. A suction drainage tube is placed to the osteotomy site. The wounds are closed.

Dataset Information

Influence of Proximal, Distal, and Vestibular Frames of Reference in Object-Place Paired Associate Learning in the Rat.

Publications

Influence of Proximal, Distal, and Vestibular Frames of Reference in Object-Place Paired Associate Learning in the Rat.

Similar Datasets

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