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Real internal microstructure based key mechanism analysis on the micro-damage process of short fibre-reinforced composites.

ABSTRACT: In this work, the underlying micro-damage mechanisms of randomly oriented short fibre-reinforced composites were revealed based on real internal microstructural characteristics obtained by high-resolution (0.7??m/pixel) synchrotron radiation X-ray computed tomography (SR-CT). The special 'pore dominant micro-damage processes' were directly observed through SR-CT three-dimensional reconstructed images, which were different from the well-known 'fibre breakage dominant failure mode'. The mechanisms of pore formation and pore evolution were further investigated on the basis of the microstructural parameters extracted from the SR-CT results. On one hand, the pore formation mechanism caused by shear stress concentration was proposed by combining the shear-lag model with the microstructural parameters obtained from the experiment, including the fibre length and orientation angle. On the other hand, the 'fibre-end aggregation-induced pore connection' mode of crack initiation was proposed through a composites model, which considered the parameters of real internal microstructure, including the critical value of the distance between neighbouring fibre ends and the number of neighbouring fibre ends. The study indicated that the shear stress concentration was significant in the region with a large number of neighbouring fibre ends, thus causing pore connection and crack initiation.

SUBMITTER: Hu X

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5054434 | biostudies-other | 2016 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Real internal microstructure based key mechanism analysis on the micro-damage process of short fibre-reinforced composites.

Hu Xiaofang X Fang Jian J Xu Feng F Dong Bo B Xiao Yu Y Wang Luobin L

Scientific reports 20161007

In this work, the underlying micro-damage mechanisms of randomly oriented short fibre-reinforced composites were revealed based on real internal microstructural characteristics obtained by high-resolution (0.7 μm/pixel) synchrotron radiation X-ray computed tomography (SR-CT). The special 'pore dominant micro-damage processes' were directly observed through SR-CT three-dimensional reconstructed images, which were different from the well-known 'fibre breakage dominant failure mode'. The mechanisms ...[more]

PMID: 27713472

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Project description:Articular cartilage has limited capacity for regeneration and when damaged cannot be repaired with currently available metallic or synthetic implants. We aim to bioengineer a microfibre-reinforced hydrogel that can capture the zonal depth-dependent mechanical properties of native cartilage, and simultaneously support neo-cartilage formation. With this goal, a sophisticated bi-layered microfibre architecture, combining a densely distributed crossed fibre mat (superficial tangential zone, STZ) and a uniform box structure (middle and deep zone, MDZ), was successfully manufactured via melt electrospinning and combined with a gelatin-methacrylamide hydrogel. The inclusion of a thin STZ layer greatly increased the composite construct's peak modulus under both incongruent (3.2-fold) and congruent (2.1-fold) loading, as compared to hydrogels reinforced with only a uniform MDZ structure. Notably, the stress relaxation response of the bi-layered composite construct was comparable to the tested native cartilage tissue. Furthermore, similar production of sulphated glycosaminoglycans and collagen II was observed for the novel composite constructs cultured under mechanical conditioning w/o TGF-ß1 supplementation and in static conditions w/TGF-ß1 supplementation, which confirmed the capability of the novel composite construct to support neo-cartilage formation upon mechanical stimulation. To conclude, these results are an important step towards the design and manufacture of biomechanically competent implants for cartilage regeneration. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Damage to articular cartilage results in severe pain and joint disfunction that cannot be treated with currently available implants. This study presents a sophisticated bioengineered bi-layered fibre reinforced cell-laden hydrogel that can approximate the functional mechanical properties of native cartilage. For the first time, the importance of incorporating a viable superficial tangential zone (STZ) - like structure to improve the load-bearing properties of bioengineered constructs, particularly when in-congruent surfaces are compressed, is demonstrated. The present work also provides new insights for the development of implants that are able to promote and guide new cartilaginous tissue formation upon physiologically relevant mechanical stimulation.

Dataset Information

Real internal microstructure based key mechanism analysis on the micro-damage process of short fibre-reinforced composites.

Publications

Real internal microstructure based key mechanism analysis on the micro-damage process of short fibre-reinforced composites.

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