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Single 5??m diameter needle electrode block modules for unit recordings in vivo.

ABSTRACT: Investigations into mechanisms in various cortical areas can be greatly improved and supported by stable recording of single neuronal activity. In this study, fine silicon wire electrodes (diameter 3??m, length 160??m) are fabricated by vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) growth with the aim of stabilizing recording and reducing the invasiveness on the measurement procedure. The electrode is fabricated on a modular 1?×? 1?mm(2) conductive silicon block that can be assembled into a number of different device packages, for example on rigid or flexible printed circuit boards (PCB). After plating with a 5??m diameter platinum black, the needle exhibits an electrical impedance of ~100?k? at 1?kHz in saline. The in vivo recording capability of the device is demonstrated using mice, and spike signals with peak-to-peak amplitudes of 200-300??V in the range 0.5-3?kHz are stably detected, including single-unit activities in cortical layer 2/3. In addition, the device packaged with a flexible PCB shows stable unit recordings for 98.5?min (n?=?4). Consequently, our modular, low-invasive needle electrode block devices present an effective route for single-unit recordings in vivo, as well as demonstrating adaptability in device design for a diverse range of experiments.

SUBMITTER: Sawahata H

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5078846 | biostudies-other | 2016 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Single 5 μm diameter needle electrode block modules for unit recordings in vivo.

Sawahata H H Yamagiwa S S Moriya A A Dong T T Oi H H Ando Y Y Numano R R Ishida M M Koida K K Kawano T T

Scientific reports 20161025

Investigations into mechanisms in various cortical areas can be greatly improved and supported by stable recording of single neuronal activity. In this study, fine silicon wire electrodes (diameter 3 μm, length 160 μm) are fabricated by vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) growth with the aim of stabilizing recording and reducing the invasiveness on the measurement procedure. The electrode is fabricated on a modular 1 × 1 mm<sup>2</sup> conductive silicon block that can be assembled into a number of differ ...[more]

PMID: 27779197

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Project description:Objective.Microelectrode arrays are standard tools for conducting chronic electrophysiological experiments, allowing researchers to simultaneously record from large numbers of neurons. Specifically, Utah electrode arrays (UEAs) have been utilized by scientists in many species, including rodents, rhesus macaques, marmosets, and human participants. The field of clinical human brain-computer interfaces currently relies on the UEA as a number of research groups have clearance from the United States Federal Drug Administration (FDA) for this device through the investigational device exemption pathway. Despite its widespread usage in systems neuroscience, few studies have comprehensively evaluated the reliability and signal quality of the Utah array over long periods of time in a large dataset.Approach.We collected and analyzed over 6000 recorded datasets from various cortical areas spanning almost nine years of experiments, totaling 17 rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) and 2 human subjects, and 55 separate microelectrode Utah arrays. The scale of this dataset allowed us to evaluate the average life of these arrays, based primarily on the signal-to-noise ratio of each electrode over time.Main results.Using implants in primary motor, premotor, prefrontal, and somatosensory cortices, we found that the average lifespan of available recordings from UEAs was 622 days, although we provide several examples of these UEAs lasting over 1000 days and one up to 9 years; human implants were also shown to last longer than non-human primate implants. We also found that electrode length did not affect longevity and quality, but iridium oxide metallization on the electrode tip exhibited superior yield as compared to platinum metallization.Significance.Understanding longevity and reliability of microelectrode array recordings allows researchers to set expectations and plan experiments accordingly and maximize the amount of high-quality data gathered. Our results suggest that one can expect chronic unit recordings to last at least two years, with the possibility for arrays to last the better part of a decade.

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Single 5??m diameter needle electrode block modules for unit recordings in vivo.

Publications

Single 5 μm diameter needle electrode block modules for unit recordings in vivo.

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