Dataset Information

Often Asked but Rarely Answered: Can Asians Meet DSM-5/ICD-10 Autism Spectrum Disorder Criteria?

ABSTRACT: To evaluate whether Asian (Korean children) populations can be validly diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) using Western-based diagnostic instruments and criteria based on Diagnostic and Statistical Manual on Mental Disorders, 5th edition (DSM-5).Participants included an epidemiologically ascertained 7-14-year-old (N?=?292) South Korean cohort from a larger prevalence study (N?=?55,266). Main outcomes were based on Western-based diagnostic methods for Korean children using gold standard instruments, Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised, and Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule. Factor analysis and ANOVAs were performed to examine factor structure of autism symptoms and identify phenotypic differences between Korean children with ASD and non-ASD diagnoses.Using Western-based diagnostic methods, Korean children with ASD were successfully identified with moderate-to-high diagnostic validity (sensitivities/specificities ranging 64%-93%), strong internal consistency, and convergent/concurrent validity. The patterns of autism phenotypes in a Korean population were similar to those observed in a Western population with two symptom domains (social communication and restricted and repetitive behavior factors). Statistically significant differences in the use of socially acceptable communicative behaviors (e.g., direct gaze, range of facial expressions) emerged between ASD versus non-ASD cases (mostly p?

SUBMITTER: Kim SH

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5116697 | biostudies-other | 2016 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Often Asked but Rarely Answered: Can Asians Meet DSM-5/ICD-10 Autism Spectrum Disorder Criteria?

Kim So Hyun SH Kim Young Shin YS Koh Yun-Joo YJ Lim Eun-Chung EC Kim Soo-Jeong SJ Leventhal Bennett L BL

Journal of child and adolescent psychopharmacology 20160617 9

<h4>Objectives</h4>To evaluate whether Asian (Korean children) populations can be validly diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) using Western-based diagnostic instruments and criteria based on Diagnostic and Statistical Manual on Mental Disorders, 5th edition (DSM-5).<h4>Methods</h4>Participants included an epidemiologically ascertained 7-14-year-old (N = 292) South Korean cohort from a larger prevalence study (N = 55,266). Main outcomes were based on Western-based diagnostic methods for ...[more]

PMID: 27315155

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Project description:BACKGROUND: Introduction of proposed criteria for DSM-5 Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has raised concerns that some individuals currently meeting diagnostic criteria for Pervasive Developmental Disorder (PDD; DSM-IV-TR/ICD-10) will not qualify for a diagnosis under the proposed changes. To date, reports of sensitivity and specificity of the new criteria have been inconsistent across studies. No study has yet considered how changes at the 'sub domain' level might affect overall sensitivity and specificity, and few have included individuals of different ages and ability levels. METHODS: A set of DSM-5 ASD algorithms were developed using items from the Diagnostic Interview for Social and Communication Disorders (DISCO). The number of items required for each DSM-5 subdomain was defined either according to criteria specified by DSM-5 (Initial Algorithm), a statistical approach (Youden J Algorithm), or to minimise the number of false positives while maximising sensitivity (Modified Algorithm). The algorithms were designed, tested and compared in two independent samples (Sample 1, N = 82; Sample 2, N = 115), while sensitivity was assessed across age and ability levels in an additional dataset of individuals with an ICD-10 PDD diagnosis (Sample 3, N = 190). RESULTS: Sensitivity was highest in the Initial Algorithm, which had the poorest specificity. Although Youden J had excellent specificity, sensitivity was significantly lower than in the Modified Algorithm, which had both good sensitivity and specificity. Relaxing the domain A rules improved sensitivity of the Youden J Algorithm, but it remained less sensitive than the Modified Algorithm. Moreover, this was the only algorithm with variable sensitivity across age. All versions of the algorithm performed well across ability level. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that good levels of both sensitivity and specificity can be achieved for a diagnostic algorithm adhering to the DSM-5 criteria that is suitable across age and ability level.

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Dataset Information

Often Asked but Rarely Answered: Can Asians Meet DSM-5/ICD-10 Autism Spectrum Disorder Criteria?

Publications

Often Asked but Rarely Answered: Can Asians Meet DSM-5/ICD-10 Autism Spectrum Disorder Criteria?

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