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Genetic correlation of the plasma lipidome with type 2 diabetes, prediabetes and insulin resistance in Mexican American families.

ABSTRACT: Differential plasma concentrations of circulating lipid species are associated with pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Whether the wide inter-individual variability in the plasma lipidome contributes to the genetic basis of T2D is unknown. Here, we investigated the potential overlap in the genetic basis of the plasma lipidome and T2D-related traits.We used plasma lipidomic data (1202 pedigreed individuals, 319 lipid species representing 23 lipid classes) from San Antonio Family Heart Study in Mexican Americans. Bivariate trait analyses were used to estimate the genetic and environmental correlation of all lipid species with three T2D-related traits: risk of T2D, presence of prediabetes and homeostatic model of assessment - insulin resistance. We found that 44 lipid species were significantly genetically correlated with one or more of the three T2D-related traits. Majority of these lipid species belonged to the diacylglycerol (DAG, 17 species) and triacylglycerol (TAG, 17 species) classes. Six lipid species (all belonging to the triacylglycerol class and containing palmitate at the first position) were significantly genetically correlated with all the T2D-related traits.Our results imply that: a) not all plasma lipid species are genetically informative for T2D pathogenesis; b) the DAG and TAG lipid classes partially share genetic basis of T2D; and c) 1-palmitate containing TAGs may provide additional insights into the genetic basis of T2D.

SUBMITTER: Kulkarni H

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5438505 | biostudies-other | 2017 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Genetic correlation of the plasma lipidome with type 2 diabetes, prediabetes and insulin resistance in Mexican American families.

Kulkarni Hemant H Mamtani Manju M Wong Gerard G Weir Jacquelyn M JM Barlow Christopher K CK Dyer Thomas D TD Almasy Laura L Mahaney Michael C MC Comuzzie Anthony G AG Duggirala Ravindranath R Meikle Peter J PJ Blangero John J Curran Joanne E JE

BMC genetics 20170519 1

<h4>Background</h4>Differential plasma concentrations of circulating lipid species are associated with pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Whether the wide inter-individual variability in the plasma lipidome contributes to the genetic basis of T2D is unknown. Here, we investigated the potential overlap in the genetic basis of the plasma lipidome and T2D-related traits.<h4>Results</h4>We used plasma lipidomic data (1202 pedigreed individuals, 319 lipid species representing 23 lipid classes) fr ...[more]

PMID: 28525987

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Project description:Vegan or vegetarian diets have been suggested to reduce type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk. However, not much is known on whether variation in the degree of having a plant-based versus animal-based diet may be beneficial for prevention of T2D. We aimed to investigate whether level of adherence to a diet high in plant-based foods and low in animal-based foods is associated with insulin resistance, prediabetes, and T2D. Our analysis included 6798 participants (62.7?±?7.8 years) from the Rotterdam Study (RS), a prospective population-based cohort in the Netherlands. Dietary intake data were collected with food-frequency questionnaires at baseline of three sub-cohorts of RS (RS-I-1: 1989-1993, RS-II-1: 2000-2001, RS-III-1: 2006-2008). We constructed a continuous plant-based dietary index (range 0-92) assessing adherence to a plant-based versus animal-based diet. Insulin resistance at baseline and follow-up was assessed using homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Prediabetes and T2D were collected from general practitioners' records, pharmacies' databases, and follow-up examinations in our research center until 2012. We used multivariable linear mixed models to examine association of the index with longitudinal HOMA-IR, and multivariable Cox proportional-hazards regression models to examine associations of the index with risk of prediabetes and T2D. During median 5.7, and 7.3 years of follow-up, we documented 928 prediabetes cases and 642 T2D cases. After adjusting for sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, a higher score on the plant-based dietary index was associated with lower insulin resistance (per 10 units higher score: ??=?-0.09; 95% CI: -?0.10; -?0.08), lower prediabetes risk (HR?=?0.89; 95% CI: 0.81; 0.98), and lower T2D risk [HR?=?0.82 (0.73; 0.92)]. After additional adjustment for BMI, associations attenuated and remained statistically significant for longitudinal insulin resistance [??=?-0.05 (-?0.06; -?0.04)] and T2D risk [HR?=?0.87 (0.79; 0.99)], but no longer for prediabetes risk [HR?=?0.93 (0.85; 1.03)]. In conclusion, a more plant-based and less animal-based diet may lower risk of insulin resistance, prediabetes and T2D. These findings strengthen recent dietary recommendations to adopt a more plant-based diet.Clinical Trial Registry number and website NTR6831, http://www.trialregister.nl/trialreg/admin/rctview.asp?TC=6831 .

Dataset Information

Genetic correlation of the plasma lipidome with type 2 diabetes, prediabetes and insulin resistance in Mexican American families.

Publications

Genetic correlation of the plasma lipidome with type 2 diabetes, prediabetes and insulin resistance in Mexican American families.

Similar Datasets

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