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Altered sulcogyral patterns of orbitofrontal cortex in a large cohort of patients with schizophrenia.

ABSTRACT: Abnormalities in prenatal brain development contribute to schizophrenia vulnerability. Orbitofrontal cortex sulcogyral patterns are largely determined during prenatal development, and four types of orbitofrontal cortex sulcogyral patterns have been classified in humans. Altered orbitofrontal cortex patterns have been reported in individuals with schizophrenia using magnetic resonance imaging; however, sample sizes of previous studies were small-medium effects for detection, and gender manifestation for orbitofrontal cortex sulcogyral patterns is unclear. The present study investigated orbitofrontal cortex patterns of 155 patients with schizophrenia and 375 healthy subjects. The orbitofrontal cortex sulcogyral pattern distributions of schizophrenia were significantly different compared with healthy subjects in the left hemisphere (?2?=?14.55, p?=?0.002). In female schizophrenia, post-hoc analyses revealed significantly decreased Type I expression (?2?=?6.76, p?=?0.009) and increased Type II expression (?2?=?11.56, p?=?0.001) in the left hemisphere. The present study suggested that female schizophrenia showed altered orbitofrontal cortex patterns in the left hemisphere, which may be related to neurodevelopmental abnormality.

SUBMITTER: Isomura S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5441528 | biostudies-other | 2017

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Altered sulcogyral patterns of orbitofrontal cortex in a large cohort of patients with schizophrenia.

Isomura Shuichi S Hashimoto Ryota R Nakamura Motoaki M Hirano Yoji Y Yamashita Fumio F Jimbo Shin S Yamamori Hidenaga H Fujimoto Michiko M Yasuda Yuka Y Mears Ryan P RP Onitsuka Toshiaki T

NPJ schizophrenia 20170112

Abnormalities in prenatal brain development contribute to schizophrenia vulnerability. Orbitofrontal cortex sulcogyral patterns are largely determined during prenatal development, and four types of orbitofrontal cortex sulcogyral patterns have been classified in humans. Altered orbitofrontal cortex patterns have been reported in individuals with schizophrenia using magnetic resonance imaging; however, sample sizes of previous studies were small-medium effects for detection, and gender manifestat ...[more]

PMID: 28560249

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Project description:BackgroundSchizophrenia (SZ) is associated with the highest disability rate among serious mental disorders. Excited symptoms are the core symptoms of SZ, which appear in the early stage, followed by other stages of the disease subsequently. These symptoms are destructive and more prone to violent attacks, posing a serious economic burden to the society. Abnormal spontaneous activity in the orbitofrontal cortex had been reported to be associated with excited symptoms in patients with SZ. However, whether the abnormality appears in first-episode drug-naïve patients with SZ has still remained elusive.MethodsA total of 56 first-episode drug-naïve patients with SZ and 27 healthy controls underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) and positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS). First, differences in fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF) between first-episode drug-naïve patients with SZ and healthy controls were examined to identify cerebral regions exhibiting abnormal local spontaneous activity. Based on the fALFF results, the resting-state functional connectivity analysis was performed to determine changes in cerebral regions exhibiting abnormal local spontaneous activity. Finally, the correlation between abnormal functional connectivity and exciting symptoms was analyzed.ResultsCompared with the healthy controls, first-episode drug-naïve patients with SZ showed a significant decrease in intrinsic activity in the bilateral precentral gyrus, bilateral postcentral gyrus, and the left orbitofrontal cortex. In addition, first-episode drug-naïve patients with SZ had significantly reduced functional connectivity values between the left orbitofrontal cortex and several cerebral regions, which were mainly distributed in the bilateral postcentral gyrus, the right middle frontal gyrus, bilateral paracentral lobules, the left precentral gyrus, and the right median cingulate. Further analyses showed that the functional connectivity between the left orbitofrontal cortex and the left postcentral gyrus, as well as bilateral paracentral lobules, was negatively correlated with excited symptoms in first-episode drug-naïve patients with SZ.ConclusionOur results indicated the important role of the left orbitofrontal cortex in first-episode drug-naïve patients with SZ and suggested that the abnormal spontaneous activity of the orbitofrontal cortex may be valuable to predict the occurrence of excited symptoms. These results may provide a new direction to explore the excited symptoms of SZ.

Dataset Information

Altered sulcogyral patterns of orbitofrontal cortex in a large cohort of patients with schizophrenia.

Publications

Altered sulcogyral patterns of orbitofrontal cortex in a large cohort of patients with schizophrenia.

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