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Effect of Ultraviolet Aging on Rheology and Chemistry of LDH-Modified Bitumen.

ABSTRACT: Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) are an ultravioletlight (UV)-resistant material. In this study, two types of LDHs (Mg-Al-LDHs and Zn-Al-LDHs) were applied to modify bitumen by melt-blending. The effect of ultraviolet aging on the rheology and chemistry of LDH-modified bitumen was studied by means of dynamic shear rheometer (DSR), thin-layer chromatography with flame ionization detection (TLC-FID), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometry to reveal the mechanisms of action for LDHs and bitumen. The results showed that within the UV spectra (220-400 nm), the reflectance of Zn-Al-LDHs was larger than that of Mg-Al-LDHs. These two LDHs have different influences on the performance of bitumen. Mg-Al-LDHs had a more obvious influence on the physical and dynamic rheological properties of bitumen than Zn-Al-LDHs. Zn-Al-LDHs improved the UV-aging resistance of bitumen more. The reason can be that the reflectance of the Zn-Al-LDHs to the UV light is larger than that of the Mg-Al-LDHs. The Zn-Al-LDH-modified bitumen had more potential to improve the UV-aging resistance during the service life of asphalt pavement.

SUBMITTER: Liu X

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5455472 | biostudies-other | 2015 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Project description:Petroleum well drilling fluids are one of the most significant constituents in the subterranean drilling processes to meet an increasing global demand for oil and gas. Drilling fluids experience exceptional wellbore conditions, e.g. high temperature and high pressure that adversely affect the rheology of these fluids. Gas and oil well drilling operations have to adjourn due to changes in fluid rheology, since the drilling fluids may lose their effectiveness to suspend heavy particles and to carry drilled cuttings to the surface. The rheological properties of drilling fluids can be controlled by employing viscosifiers that should have exceptional stability in downhole environments. Here, we have developed next-generation viscosifiers-organically modified magnesium silicates (MSils)-for reservoir drilling fluids where organic functionalities are directly linked through the Si-C bond, unlike the industry's traditional viscosifier, organoclay, that has electrostatic linkages. The successful formation of covalently-linked hexadecyl and phenyl functionalized magnesium silicates (MSil-C16 and MSil-Ph) were confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Identical drilling fluid formulations were designed for comparison using MSils and a commercial viscosifier. The rheological properties of fluids were measured at ambient conditions as well as at high temperatures (up to 150 °C) and high pressure (70 MPa). Owing to strong covalent linkages, drilling fluids that were formulated with MSils showed a 19.3% increase in yield point (YP) and a 31% decrease in apparent viscosity (AV) at 150 °C under 70 MPa pressure, as compared to drilling fluids that were formulated with traditional organoclay. The higher yield point and lower apparent viscosity are known to facilitate and increased drilling rate of penetration of the fluids and an enhanced equivalent circulation density (ECD), the dynamic density condition, for efficient oil and gas wells drilling procedures.

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Effect of Ultraviolet Aging on Rheology and Chemistry of LDH-Modified Bitumen.

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