Process-time Optimization of Vacuum Degassing Using a Genetic Alloy Design Approach.
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Dilner D
PROVIDER: S-EPMC5456423 | biostudies-other | 2014 Dec
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other
Similar Datasets
Project description:Primer and probe sequence designs are among the most critical input factors in real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay optimization. In this study, we present the use of statistical design of experiments (DOE) approach as a general guideline for probe optimization and more specifically focus on design optimization of label-free hydrolysis probes that are designated as mediator probes (MPs), which are used in reverse transcription MP PCR (RT-MP PCR). The effect of three input factors on assay performance was investigated: distance between primer and mediator probe cleavage site; dimer stability of MP and target sequence (influenza B virus); and dimer stability of the mediator and universal reporter (UR). The results indicated that the latter dimer stability had the greatest influence on assay performance, with RT-MP PCR efficiency increased by up to 10% with changes to this input factor. With an optimal design configuration, a detection limit of 3-14 target copies/10 μl reaction could be achieved. This improved detection limit was confirmed for another UR design and for a second target sequence, human metapneumovirus, with 7-11 copies/10 μl reaction detected in an optimum case. The DOE approach for improving oligonucleotide designs for real-time PCR not only produces excellent results but may also reduce the number of experiments that need to be performed, thus reducing costs and experimental times.
| S-EPMC4827641 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The typical textile dyeing process calls for a wide range of operational parameters, and it has always been difficult to pinpoint which of these qualities is the most important in dyeing performance. Consequently, this research used a combined design of experiments and machine learning prediction models' method to offer a sustainable and beneficial reactive cotton fabric dyeing process. To be more precise, we built a least square support vector regression (LSSVR) model based on Taguchi's statistical orthogonal design (L27) to predict exhaustion percentage (E%), fixation rate (F%), and total fixation efficiency (T%) and color strength (K/S) in the reactive cotton dyeing process. The model's prediction accuracy was assessed using many measures, including root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), and the coefficient of determination (R2). Principal component regression (PCR), partial least square regression (PLSR), and fuzzy modelling were some of the other types of regression models used to compare results. Our findings reveal that the LSSVR model greatly outperformed competing models in predicting the E%, F%, T%, and K/S. This is shown by the LSSVR model's much smaller RMSE and MAE values. Overall, it provided the highest possible R2 values, which reached 0.9819.
| S-EPMC10390507 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Muconic acid production from engineered Corynebacterium glutamicum. Gene expression analysis in the pathway redesigned Corynebacterium glutamicum
2018-11-30 | E-MTAB-7350 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:As greenhouse gases such as CO2 continue to promote global warming, the reduction of CO2 emissions is attracting increasing attention. In this study, we design a process for producing dimethyl ether (DME), which is a promising means of using CO2 as a resource. Design variables such as temperature and pressure need to be optimized to reduce CO2 emissions while maintaining high product purity and DME production. Conventional process designs determine these design variables from the chemical background and through trial-and-error simulations, which are very time-consuming. The proposed method optimizes the design variables efficiently by repeating the process simulations and selecting promising candidates for the design variables using machine learning. For an adaptive design of experiments, Bayesian optimization is used to achieve the objectives of the DME process while efficiently optimizing the design variables. In addition, we also optimize the design variables considering variations in the temperature and pressure data, meaning robust Bayesian optimization. The proposed method successfully identifies design variables that satisfy all experimental targets in an average of 54 simulations while achieving 100% of the targets with product purity 0.95-1.00, amount of DME in the product 350-845 kmol/h, and CO2 emissions 0-835 kmol/h, confirming the effectiveness of the proposed robust Bayesian optimization method.
| S-EPMC10433492 | biostudies-literature
Project description:In conventional processing, metals go through multiple manufacturing steps including casting, plastic deformation, and heat treatment to achieve the desired property. In additive manufacturing (AM) the same target must be reached in one fabrication process, involving solidification and cyclic remelting. The thermodynamic and kinetic differences between the solid and liquid phases lead to constitutional undercooling, local variations in the solidification interval, and unexpected precipitation of secondary phases. These features may cause many undesired defects, one of which is the so-called hot cracking. The response of the thermodynamic and kinetic nature of these phenomena to high cooling rates provides access to the knowledge-based and tailored design of alloys for AM. Here, we illustrate such an approach by solving the hot cracking problem, using the commercially important IN738LC superalloy as a model material. The same approach could also be applied to adapt other hot-cracking susceptible alloy systems for AM.
| S-EPMC9329330 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Design of the biodiesel production from palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD) using process intensification approach is studied in technical, economic and environmental view points. Firstly, the transport phenomena analysis is performed to select the suitable intensified unit. The reactive distillation is selected and used in esterification - transesterification process and hydrolysis - esterification process. The optimum condition of reactive distillation in esterification - transesterification is achieved when the methanol is fed at the 3rd stage of the 4-stage column and the liquid holdup is maintained at 6 m3. The intensified esterification - transesterification process offers higher biodiesel yield and consumes less energy compared with the intensified hydrolysis - esterification process. The economic analysis shows that the intensified esterification-transesterification process is found to be economically feasible. Finally, environment assessment based on life cycle analysis (LCA) indicates that the environmental impact of both processes are similar.
| S-EPMC8111092 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The study focused on dissimilar brazing of metallized YSZ (Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia) and Crofer alloy using BAg-8 (72Ag-28Cu, wt%) filler foil. The YSZ substrate was metallized by sequentially sputtering Ti (0.5/1 μm), Cu (1/3 μm), and Ag (1.5/5 μm) layers, and the Crofer substrate was coated with Ag layers with a thickness of 1.5 and 5 μm, respectively. The BAg-8 filler demonstrated excellent wettability on both metallized YSZ and Crofer substrates. The brazed joint primarily consisted of Ag-Cu eutectic. The metallized Ti layer dissolved into the braze melt, and the Ti preferentially reacted with YSZ and Fe from the Crofer substrate. The globular Fe2Ti intermetallic compound was observed on the YSZ side of the joint. The interfacial reaction of Ti was increased when the thickness of the metallized Ti layer was increased from 0.5 to 1 μm. Both brazed joints were crack free, and no pressure drop was detected after testing at room temperature for 24 h. In the YSZ/Ti(0.5μ)/Cu(1μ)/Ag(1.5μ)/BAg-8(50μ)/Ag(1.5μ)/Crofer joint tested at 600 °C, the pressure of helium decreased from 2.01 to 1.91 psig. In contrast, the helium pressure of the YSZ/Ti(1μ)/Cu(3μ)/Ag(5μ)/BAg-8(50μ)/Ag(5μ)/Crofer joint slightly decreased from 2.02 to 1.98 psig during the cooling cycle of the test. The greater interfacial reaction between the metallized YSZ and BAg-8 filler due to the thicker metallized Ti layer on the YSZ substrate was responsible for the improved gas-tight performance of the joint.
| S-EPMC8838688 | biostudies-literature
Project description:This work intended to improve the precision and machining efficiency of Magnesium alloy (Mg-Li-Sr) using Wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM). Mg-Li-Sr alloy is prepared through inert gas assisted stir casting route. Taguchi approach is used for experimental design for WEDM parameter such as pulse OFF time, pulse ON time, wire feed rate, servo voltage and current. L27 orthogonal array is considered to understand the influence of control parameter such as Kerf Width (KW), Roughness of the surface (Ra), Material Removal Rate (MRR). Integration of the CRITIC (Criteria Importance Through Intercriteria Correlation) -WASPAS (Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assessment) multi-objective optimization method with Artificial Neural Network (ANN) modelling with different network structure for prediction and optimization is a novel approach that significantly improves prediction accuracy and machining outcomes. The developed ANN model with better R2 value of 99.9 % has better ability for prediction while correlated with formulated conventional regression equation. The error percentages identified through confirmation tests for regression and ANN models are Ra - 8.5 % and 3.4 %, MRR - 5.9 % and 2.8 %, KW - 6.7 % and 2.2 % respectively. Optimal output response attained by CRITIC-WASPAS approach yields surface roughness of 4.62 μm, material removal rate of 0.073 g/min and kerf width of 0.388 μm.
| S-EPMC11336484 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Sulfur dioxide emissions from fossil fuel combustion
| S-EPMC10448650 | biostudies-literature
Project description:A recent trend in bridge construction has been the optimization of the cost-to-performance ratio. The most effective way to optimize the cost-to-performance ratio is to maximize the efficiency of the superstructure. Currently, many bridge engineers and designers favor two- or three- girder plate superstructures, due to their cost advantages. However, research on the performance enhancements of the I-type girder in two- or three- girder plate bridges is lacking. One of the most important performance improvement technologies for the I-type girder is the "preflex" method. In the preflex method, the specimen is inverted during the construction process to apply prestressed cambering to the specimen by using self-weight. However, a problem with the preflex construction method is difficulty with inverting the girder/plate system during the concrete curing process. Therefore, a new inverting system called Turn-Over (TO) wheel was proposed. Using TO wheels, wider variations to the I-type girder design can be achieved. Using this TO construction method, various cross sectional designs of girder plate systems can be considered due to its easiness in inverting the girder/plate system. In this study, the location of concrete confinement sections between the steel I-beams and concrete plates was varied in an I-girder cross-sectional design. Design parameters included effective height, flange thickness, flange width, confining concrete section width, etc. From this study, the optimum cross-sectional design of the I-girder/concrete plate system was achieved. Then, a single 20 m TO girder/plate system and two 20 m TO girder bridges were constructed and tested to evaluate their performance. From the test, failure behavior, load carrying capacity, crack pattern, etc., are obtained. The results are discussed in detail in this paper.
| S-EPMC5503317 | biostudies-other