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Midterm eGFR and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes: The Clinical Significance of Gestational Hyperfiltration.

ABSTRACT: Although hemodynamic adaptation plays a crucial role in maintaining gestation, the clinical significance of midterm renal hyperfiltration (MRH) on pregnancy outcomes is unknown.This was an observational cohort study. Women with a singleton pregnancy and a serum creatinine measurement during their second trimester were followed at two university hospitals in Korea between 2001 and 2015. Those with substantial renal function impairment or who delivered during the second trimester were not considered. MRH was represented by the highest eGFR, which was calculated using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration method. An adverse pregnancy event was defined by the composition of preterm birth (gestational age <37 weeks), low birth weight (<2.5 kg), and preeclampsia.Data from 1931 pregnancies were included. The relationship between midterm eGFR and adverse pregnancy outcomes, which occurred in 538 mothers, was defined by a nonlinear U-shaped curve. The adjusted odds ratio and associated 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of an adverse pregnancy outcome for eGFR levels below and above the reference level of 120-150 ml/min per 1.73 m2 were 1.97 (95% CI, 1.34 to 2.89; P<0.001) for ?150 ml/min per 1.73 m2; 1.57 (95% CI, 1.23 to 2.00; P<0.001) for 90-120 ml/min per 1.73 m2; and 4.93 (95% CI, 1.97 to 12.31; P<0.001) for 60-90 ml/min per 1.73 m2. Moreover, among mothers without baseline CKD, women with adverse pregnancy outcomes had less prominent MRH than those without (P<0.001).We identified a unique U-shaped relationship between midterm eGFR and adverse pregnancy outcomes, and the optimal range of midterm eGFR levels was 120-150 ml/min per 1.73 m2. In those without evident functional renal impairment, the absence of prominent MRH might be a significant risk factor for poor pregnancy outcomes.

SUBMITTER: Park S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5498359 | biostudies-other | 2017 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Midterm eGFR and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes: The Clinical Significance of Gestational Hyperfiltration.

Park Sehoon S Lee Seung Mi SM Park Joong Shin JS Hong Joon-Seok JS Chin Ho Jun HJ Na Ki Young KY Kim Dong Ki DK Oh Kook-Hwan KH Joo Kwon Wook KW Kim Yon Su YS Lee Hajeong H

Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN 20170613 7

<h4>Background and objectives</h4>Although hemodynamic adaptation plays a crucial role in maintaining gestation, the clinical significance of midterm renal hyperfiltration (MRH) on pregnancy outcomes is unknown.<h4>Design, setting, participants, & measurements</h4>This was an observational cohort study. Women with a singleton pregnancy and a serum creatinine measurement during their second trimester were followed at two university hospitals in Korea between 2001 and 2015. Those with substantial ...[more]

PMID: 28611078

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Project description:BackgroundThe American Heart Association's formal characterization of cardiovascular health combines several metrics in a health-oriented, rather than disease-oriented, framework. Although cardiovascular health assessment during pregnancy has been recommended, its significance for pregnancy outcomes is unknown.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to examine the association of gestational cardiovascular health-formally characterized by a combination of 5 metrics-with adverse maternal and newborn outcomes.Study designWe analyzed data from the Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome study, including 2304 mother-newborn dyads from 6 countries. Maternal cardiovascular health was defined by the combination of the following 5 metrics measured at a mean of 28 (24-32) weeks' gestation: body mass index, blood pressure, lipids, glucose, and smoking. Levels of each metric were categorized using pregnancy guidelines, and the total cardiovascular health was scored (0-10 points, where 10 was the most favorable). Cord blood was collected at delivery, newborn anthropometrics were measured within 72 hours, and medical records were abstracted for obstetrical outcomes. Modified Poisson and multinomial logistic regression were used to test the associations of gestational cardiovascular health with pregnancy outcomes, adjusted for center and maternal and newborn characteristics.ResultsThe average age of women at study exam was 29.6 years old, and they delivered at a mean gestational age of 39.8 weeks. The mean total gestational cardiovascular health score was 8.6 (of 10); 36.3% had all ideal metrics and 7.5% had 2+ poor metrics. In fully adjusted models, each 1 point higher (more favorable) cardiovascular health score was associated with lower risks for preeclampsia (relative risk, 0.67 [95% confidence interval, 0.61-0.73]), unplanned primary cesarean delivery (0.88 [0.82-0.95]), newborn birthweight >90th percentile (0.81 [0.75-0.87]), sum of skinfolds >90th percentile (0.84 [0.77-0.92]), and insulin sensitivity <10th percentile (0.83 [0.77-0.90]). Cardiovascular health categories demonstrated graded associations with outcomes; for example, relative risks (95% confidence intervals) for preeclampsia were 3.13 (1.39-7.06), 5.34 (2.44-11.70), and 9.30 (3.95-21.86) for women with ≥1 intermediate, 1 poor, or ≥2 poor (vs all ideal) metrics, respectively.ConclusionMore favorable cardiovascular health at 24 to 32 weeks' gestation was associated with lower risks for several adverse pregnancy outcomes in a multinational cohort.

Project description:ObjectiveTo investigate the association between gestational diabetes mellitus and adverse outcomes of pregnancy after adjustment for at least minimal confounding factors.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourcesWeb of Science, PubMed, Medline, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, from 1 January 1990 to 1 November 2021.Review methodsCohort studies and control arms of trials reporting complications of pregnancy in women with gestational diabetes mellitus were eligible for inclusion. Based on the use of insulin, studies were divided into three subgroups: no insulin use (patients never used insulin during the course of the disease), insulin use (different proportions of patients were treated with insulin), and insulin use not reported. Subgroup analyses were performed based on the status of the country (developed or developing), quality of the study, diagnostic criteria, and screening method. Meta-regression models were applied based on the proportion of patients who had received insulin.Results156 studies with 7 506 061 pregnancies were included, and 50 (32.1%) showed a low or medium risk of bias. In studies with no insulin use, when adjusted for confounders, women with gestational diabetes mellitus had increased odds of caesarean section (odds ratio 1.16, 95% confidence interval 1.03 to 1.32), preterm delivery (1.51, 1.26 to 1.80), low one minute Apgar score (1.43, 1.01 to 2.03), macrosomia (1.70, 1.23 to 2.36), and infant born large for gestational age (1.57, 1.25 to 1.97). In studies with insulin use, when adjusted for confounders, the odds of having an infant large for gestational age (odds ratio 1.61, 1.09 to 2.37), or with respiratory distress syndrome (1.57, 1.19 to 2.08) or neonatal jaundice (1.28, 1.02 to 1.62), or requiring admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (2.29, 1.59 to 3.31), were higher in women with gestational diabetes mellitus than in those without diabetes. No clear evidence was found for differences in the odds of instrumental delivery, shoulder dystocia, postpartum haemorrhage, stillbirth, neonatal death, low five minute Apgar score, low birth weight, and small for gestational age between women with and without gestational diabetes mellitus after adjusting for confounders. Country status, adjustment for body mass index, and screening methods significantly contributed to heterogeneity between studies for several adverse outcomes of pregnancy.ConclusionsWhen adjusted for confounders, gestational diabetes mellitus was significantly associated with pregnancy complications. The findings contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the adverse outcomes of pregnancy related to gestational diabetes mellitus. Future primary studies should routinely consider adjusting for a more complete set of prognostic factors.Review registrationPROSPERO CRD42021265837.

Project description:During pregnancy, many women gain excessive weight, which is related to adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. In this study, we evaluated whether rate of gestational weight gain (RGWG) in early, mid, and late pregnancy is strongly associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. A retrospective chart review of 2,789 pregnant Korean women was performed. Weights were recorded at the first clinic visit, during the screening test for fetal anomaly, and during the 50g oral glucose challenge test and delivery, to represent early, mid, and late pregnancy, respectively. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the relationship between RGWG and adverse pregnancy outcomes. At early pregnancy, the RGWG was significantly associated with high risk of developing gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH), large for gestational age (LGA) infants, macrosomia, and primary cesarean section (P-CS). The RGWG of mid pregnancy was not significantly associated with any adverse pregnancy outcomes. The RGWG at late pregnancy was significantly associated with a lower risk of developing GDM, preterm birth and P-CS, but with a higher risk of developing LGA infants and macrosomia. When the subjects were divided into three groups (Underweight, Normal, and Obese), based on pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), the relationship between early RGWG and adverse pregnancy outcomes was significantly different across the three BMI groups. At early pregnancy, RGWG was not significantly associated to adverse pregnancy outcomes for subjects in the Underweight group. In the Normal group, however, early RGWG was significantly associated with GDM, PIH, LGA infants, macrosomia, P-CS, and small for gestational weight (SGA) infants, whereas early RGWG was significantly associated with only a high risk of PIH in the Obese group. The results of our study suggest that early RGWG is significantly associated with various adverse pregnancy outcomes and that proper preemptive management of early weight gain, particularly in pregnant women with a normal or obese pre-pregnancy BMI, is necessary to reduce the risk of developing adverse pregnancy outcomes.

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Midterm eGFR and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes: The Clinical Significance of Gestational Hyperfiltration.

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Midterm eGFR and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes: The Clinical Significance of Gestational Hyperfiltration.

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