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Lime as an Anti-Plasticizer for Self-Compacting Clay Concrete.

ABSTRACT: This paper focuses on the modification of clay properties with inorganic additives to deflocculate and flocculate inorganic soil for the development of a material that would be as easy to use as the current concrete products, but with a much lower environmental impact. Considering that the rheological behaviour of clays is controlled by their surface charge, we first introduce potential determining ions to deflocculate the clay particles and to reduce the yield stress of the earth material. Their efficiency is characterized using zeta potential measurements and rheological tests. We then achieve the flocculation of clay particles by using natural minerals that slowly dissolve in the interstitial liquid and ultimately precipitate calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H). The precipitation products are identified by X-ray diffraction and the consequences of this delayed precipitation are followed by oscillatory rheometric measurements. Finally, it is suggested that in this process, C-S-H precipitation is not used as a binding vector but as an anti-plasticizer that removes the inorganic dispersant additives.

SUBMITTER: Landrou G

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5503017 | biostudies-other | 2016 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Recycling Aggregates for Self-Compacting Concrete Production: A Feasible Option.

Project description:The use of construction and demolition wastes (C&DW) is a trending future option for the sustainability of construction. In this context, a number of works deal with the use of recycled concrete aggregates to produce concrete for structural and non-structural purposes. Nowadays, an important number of C&DW management plants in the European Union (EU) and other countries have developed robust protocols to obtain high-quality coarse recycled aggregates that comply with different European standards in order to be used to produce new concrete. The development of self-compacting concrete (SCC) is another way to boost the sustainability of construction, due to the important reduction of energy employed. Using recycled aggregates is a relatively recent scientific area, however, studies on this material in the manufacture of self-compacting concrete have proven the feasibility thereof for conventional structural elements as well as high-performance and complex structural elements, densely reinforced structures, difficult-to-access formwork and difficult-to-vibrate elements. This paper presents an original study on the use of coarse recycled concrete aggregate (CRA) to obtain self-compacting concrete. Concrete with substitution ratios of 20%, 50% and 100% are compared with a control concrete. The purpose of this comparison is to check the influence of CRA on fresh SCC as well as its physical and mechanical properties. The parameters studied are material characterization, self-compactability, compressive strength, and tensile and flexural strength of the resulting concrete. The results conclude that it is feasible to use CRA for SCC production with minimal losses in the characteristics.

| S-EPMC7078595 | biostudies-literature

Dataset on predictive compressive strength model for self-compacting concrete.

Project description:The determination of compressive strength is affected by many variables such as the water cement (WC) ratio, the superplasticizer (SP), the aggregate combination, and the binder combination. In this dataset article, 7, 28, and 90-day compressive strength models are derived using statistical analysis. The response surface methodology is used toinvestigate the effect of the parameters: Varying percentages of ash, cement, WC, and SP on hardened properties-compressive strengthat 7,28 and 90 days. Thelevels of independent parameters are determinedbased on preliminary experiments. The experimental values for compressive strengthat 7, 28 and 90 days and modulus of elasticity underdifferent treatment conditions are also discussed and presented.These dataset can effectively be used for modelling and prediction in concrete production settings.

| S-EPMC5988516 | biostudies-literature

Potential of Stainless Steel Slag Waste in Manufacturing Self-Compacting Concrete.

Project description:The volume of slags generated from the steel industry is a source of possible resources which is constantly increasing. Specifically, in the production of stainless steel, specific and singular slags with unique characteristics are obtained, which allows considering an approach aimed at their use in new recycling ways. This work shows the feasibility of using stainless steel slag as a substitute for limestone filler in the manufacture of self-compacting concrete. The influence of different treatments applied to slags on physical and chemical properties was studied. On the other hand, the mechanical behaviour, as well as the durability acquired in self-compacting concrete, has been analysed. Very encouraging results were obtained, since this research demonstrates the possible application of this stainless steel slag as a construction material, improving sustainability and promoting circular economy processes, which are achieved through the minimisation of the waste disposal and accumulation.

| S-EPMC7254312 | biostudies-literature

Simulated data on bond of steel reinforcement in self-compacting concrete.

Project description:In this paper, the data were simulated using the bond model, proposed in a previously published research article of the author, to predict the peak bond stress in self-compacting concrete (SCC). The parameters considered were the concrete compressive strength, the geometrical properties of the reinforcing bar, and the confining reinforcement. The data consisted of 500 simulations for various concrete grades (C12, C16, C20, C25, C30, C35, C40, C45, and C50) and reinforcing bar diameters (10, 12, 16, 20, and 25 mm). Exploratory data analysis (EDA) was conducted and descriptive statistics were used to analyse all the data and some subsets of interest. These data can be reused in a finite element analysis software to explicitly model the bond between SCC and reinforcing bars through point-to-point or surface-to-surface contact.

| S-EPMC7191217 | biostudies-literature

Study on Ultrasonic Nondestructive Testing of Self-Compacting Concrete under Uniaxial Compression Test.

Project description:To study the variation law of ultrasonic parameters of self-compacting concrete before and after damage under uniaxial compression test conditions, the C30 self-compacting concrete blocks stored for 7 days and 28 days were subjected to ultrasonic nondestructive testing, and the variation law of the sound time, amplitude, and sound velocity before and after the damage of self-compacting concrete blocks was emphatically analyzed. The concrete acoustic detection software was introduced to judge and analyze the abnormal values of the parameters of each measuring point, and the defect distribution map of each test block was obtained. The results showed that after curing the self-compacting concrete test block for 7 days and 28 days, the average value of sound time before and after the failure of each measuring point of the test block is small, and the average value of sound time before the failure is less than that after; the average amplitude after failure is smaller than that before failure, and the amplitude of some measuring points will be smaller than that before. The average sound velocity after failure is less than that before failure, and the internal defects appear and the structure is not dense. This study provides a theoretical basis for the application of ultrasonic detection technology in the field of self-compacting concrete and also provides a practical basis for the stability monitoring and failure warning of self-compacting concrete.

| S-EPMC9267734 | biostudies-literature

Dataset on the durability behavior of palm oil fuel ash self compacting concrete.

Project description:Datasets contained in this article are outcomes of the durability properties carried out on Palm Oil Fuel Ash (POFA) concrete specimens to determine the effect of acid attack, Sulphate resistance, water absorption and rapid chloride permeability. Specimens were immersed in 1% hydrochloric acid (H2SO4) solution, 5% sodium Sulphate for 28, 56 and 90 days and different exposure conditions. The dataset helps the readers to understand and evaluate the potential of POFA though a waste material can be used as a replacement of Portland cement in having durability properties at an acceptable range.

| S-EPMC5997949 | biostudies-literature

Factorial Design Approach in Proportioning Prestressed Self-Compacting Concrete.

Project description:In order to model the effect of mixture parameters and material properties on the hardened properties of, prestressed self-compacting concrete (SCC), and also to investigate the extensions of the statistical models, a factorial design was employed to identify the relative significance of these primary parameters and their interactions in terms of the mechanical and visco-elastic properties of SCC. In addition to the 16 fractional factorial mixtures evaluated in the modeled region of -1 to +1, eight axial mixtures were prepared at extreme values of -2 and +2 with the other variables maintained at the central points. Four replicate central mixtures were also evaluated. The effects of five mixture parameters, including binder type, binder content, dosage of viscosity-modifying admixture (VMA), water-cementitious material ratio (w/cm), and sand-to-total aggregate ratio (S/A) on compressive strength, modulus of elasticity, as well as autogenous and drying shrinkage are discussed. The applications of the models to better understand trade-offs between mixture parameters and carry out comparisons among various responses are also highlighted. A logical design approach would be to use the existing model to predict the optimal design, and then run selected tests to quantify the influence of the new binder on the model.

| S-EPMC5455441 | biostudies-other

Effect of Placing Self-Compacting Concrete Bottom up on the Quality of Bond Conditions.

Project description:A self-compacting concrete (SCC) mixture, due to its special rheological properties, may be placed differently than in traditional variants. The paper presents the results of a study on the effect of a bottom-up placing direction on the quality of bond conditions between steel and self-compacting concrete. Elements with overall dimensions of 160 × 480 × 1600 mm consisting of elementary samples with dimensions of the bond test basic modules were constructed. Ribbed steel rebars with diameters of 16 mm were used and located in formworks perpendicularly to the concrete placing direction. Bond tests were carried out according to the pull-out method. The bottom-up placing contributed to the uniformity of the bond conditions quality in the test elements and an overall improvement of the bond properties, especially in its top part. Given the increasing implementation of alternative methods of mix placing and the promising results, the topic should be further investigated.

| S-EPMC7288113 | biostudies-literature

Study on the Microstructure of the New Paste of Recycled Aggregate Self-Compacting Concrete.

Project description:Previous literature indicates a decrease in the mechanical properties of various concrete types that contain recycled aggregates (RA), due to their porosity and to their interface of transition zone (ITZ). However, other components of the RA concrete microstructure have not yet been explored, such as the modification of the new paste (NP) with respect to a reference concrete. This paper deals with the microstructure of the new paste of self-compacting concrete (SCC) for different levels of RA. The water to binder ratio (w/b) was kept constant for all concrete mixtures, and equal to 0.5. The SCC mixtures were prepared with percentages of coarse RA of 0%, 30%, 50% and 100%. Mercury intrusion porosimetry test (MIP) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) observations were conducted on the new paste of each concrete. The results indicated that the porosity of the new paste presents a significant variation for replacement percentages of 50% and 100% with respect to NP0 and NP30. However, RA contributed to the refinement of the pore structure of the new paste. The amount of macrospores the diameter of which is in the 50-10,000 nm range was reduced to 20% for NP50 and NP100, while it was about 30% for NP0 and NP30, attributed to the water released by RA. Compressive strength loss for SCC50 and SCC100 concretes are both influenced by porosity of RA, and by the NP porosity. The latter is similar for these two concretes with the 26% increase compared to a reference concrete.

| S-EPMC7254211 | biostudies-literature

Experimental Study and Failure Criterion Analysis on Combined Compression-Shear Performance of Self-Compacting Concrete.

Project description:To investigate the combined compression-shear performance of self-compacting concrete (SCC), eight groups of concrete specimens under different axial compression ratios were designed, and the composite performance under different axial stresses was carried out by hydraulic servo machine. The uniaxial and tensile splitting strength of SCC were also included in the study. The failure modes of SCC were presented, discussed, and compared with normal concrete (NC). The characteristic points of stress-strain curves of SCC specimens from the experiments were extracted and analyzed under different axial compression stress. Based on the experimental results, the shear strength of compression-shear load was divided into cohesive stress and residual friction stress. The variation of residual stress and cohesive stress under the combined compression-shear stress was analyzed, and the relationship was obtained by numerical regression. Research results indicated that the residual stress increases linearly with the compression stress while the cohesive stress increased at first and then decreased. The research found that the friction coefficient of SCC was much smaller than NC due to the lack of interlocking effect. Utilizing the compression-shear strength of SCC, the material failure criteria of SCC were proposed from the view of shear failure strength and octahedral stress space, which could fit the experimental results confidently following the mathematical regression analysis. The comparison with data from other literature shows favorable consistence with the obtained criteria. The results of the study could be beneficial complement in engineering practices where SCC was applicable.

| S-EPMC7040608 | biostudies-literature

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