Special Issue: Materials for Electrochemical Capacitors and Batteries.
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Wang JG
PROVIDER: S-EPMC5506907 | biostudies-other | 2017 Apr
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other
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Project description:Background In order to track progress towards the target of universal access to sexual and reproductive health care services of the post-2015 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), a measure (demand for family planning satisfied with modern contraceptive methods) and a benchmark (at least 75% by 2030 in all countries) have been recommended. Objectives The goal of this study was to assess the prospects of reaching the benchmark at the country level. Such information can facilitate strategic planning, including resource allocation at global and country levels. Design We selected 63 countries based on their status as least developed according to the United Nations or as a priority country in global family planning initiatives. Using United Nations estimates and projections of family planning indicators between 1970 and 2030, we calculated percent demand for family planning satisfied with modern contraceptive methods for each year and country. We then calculated the annual percentage point changes between 2014 and 2030 required to meet the benchmark. The required rates of change were compared to current projections as well as estimates between 1970 and 2010. Results To reach the benchmark on average across the 63 countries, demand satisfied with modern methods must increase by 2.2 percentage points per year between 2014 and 2030 – more than double current projections. Between 1970 and 2010, such rapid progress was observed in 24 study countries but typically spanning 5–10 years. At currently projected rates, only 9 of the 63 study countries will reach the benchmark. Meanwhile, the gap between projected and required changes is largest in the Central and West African regions, 0.9 and 3.0 percentage points per year, respectively. If the benchmark is achieved, 334 million women across the study countries will use a modern contraceptive method in 2030, compared to 226 million women in 2014. Conclusions In order to achieve the component of the SDGs calling for universal access to sexual and reproductive health services, substantial effort is needed to accelerate rates of progress by a factor of 2 in most study countries and by a factor of 3 in Central and West African countries.
| S-EPMC4642484 | biostudies-literature
Project description:We report a simple synthetic approach to coaxially grow transition metal oxide (TMO) nanostructures on carbon nanotubes (CNT) with ready control of phase and morphology. A thin (~4?nm) sulfonated-polystyrene (SPS) pre-coating is essential for the deposition of transition metal based materials. This layer has abundant sulfonic groups (-SO3-) that can effectively attract Ni2+, Co2+, Zn2+ ions through electrostatic interaction and induce them via hydrolysis, dehydration and recrystallization to form coaxial (NiO, Co3O4, NiCoO2 and ZnCo2O4) shells and a nanosheet-like morphology around CNT. These structures possess a large active surface and enhanced structural robustness when used as electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and electrochemical capacitors (ECs). As electrodes for LIBs, the ZnCo2O4@CNT material shows extremely stable cycling performance with a discharge capacity of 1068?mAh g-1 after 100 cycles at a current density of 400?mAg-1. For EC applications, the NiCoO2@CNT exhibits a high capacitance of 1360?Fg-1 at current densities of 10?Ag-1 after 3000 cycles and an overall capacitance loss of only 1.4%. These results demonstrate the potential of such hybrid materials meeting the crucial requirements of cycling stability and high rate capability for energy conversion and storage devices.
| S-EPMC5123580 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Three-dimensional (3D) printing has a long history of applications in biomedical engineering. The development and expansion of traditional biomedical applications are being advanced and enriched by new printing technologies. New biomedical applications such as bioprinting are highly attractive and trendy. This Special Issue aims to provide readers with a glimpse of the recent profile of 3D printing in biomedical research.
| S-EPMC5503334 | biostudies-other
Project description:"The Chromosome 16 Consortium is integrated in the Human Proteome Project that aims to develop an entire map of the proteins encoded by the human genome following a gene-centric strategy (C-HPP) to make progress in the understanding of human biology in health and disease (B/D-HPP). To characterize the proteome of Chr16, three cell lines were selected, MCF7 breast cancer human epithelial cells, CCD18 human colon fibroblasts, and Jurkat human T lymphocytes. "
2013-01-11 | PXD000039 | Pride
Project description:Abstract This article provides an overview of a deep eutectic mixture based on the application of lithium nitrate (V) and acetamide as an electrolyte in a carbon‐based electrochemical capacitor. This type of electrolyte is intended to be applied in devices designed for operation under critical conditions (e. g., extreme temperatures). In contrast to water‐ and common organic‐based formulations, the proposed electrolyte ensures good device performance at 100 °C. To describe the chemistry of the proposed mixture, infrared and Raman spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and gas chromatography with mass spectrometry were used. Electrochemical analysis includes the verification of system ageing, self‐discharge monitoring, leakage current measuring, and fundamental testing related to determining the specific capacitance or maximum voltage. Additionally, comprehensive analysis of the lithium nitrate salt and organic solvent addition to the operating system was carried out, including the replacement of lithium ions with sodium or potassium. Extreme electrolyte: There is a great need for new electrolytes for use in electrochemical capacitors that will allow operation in extreme environmental conditions. Here, a deep eutectic solvent based on lithium nitrate and acetamide was applied at 100 °C. This solvent‐free mixture ensures stability and long cyclability of the system under such severe conditions.
| S-EPMC8596588 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Two homologous covalent triazine frameworks (CTFs) have been developed for the first time as anode materials for high performance K-ion batteries (KIBs). The two-dimensional sheet-like structure as well as the regular channels in CTFs enable the process of intercalation/deintercalation of K-ions into/from the CTF interlayers reversibly. Particularly, a size effect of the porous structure is found to dominate the K-ion storage behavior. CTF-0 with a smaller pore size displays a higher K-ion storage capacity than CTF-1. Molecular simulations reveal the operation mechanism, showing that the depotassiation process in CTF-0 is exothermic while the depotassiation in CTF-1 is endothermic, which makes the deintercalation of K-ions from CTF-0 more feasible than from CTF-1 and contributes to the higher reversible capacity of CTF-0. This work provides a promising strategy for rational design of high-performance organic anode materials by structural modulation at the molecular scale.
| S-EPMC6761877 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Natural halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) and reduced graphene oxide (RGO) were introduced into the S cathode material to form HNTs/S and RGO@HNTs/S composite electrode to improve the electrochemical performance of Li-S batteries. The effect of acid etching temperature on the morphology and pore structure of HNTs was explored and the morphological characteristics and electrochemical performance of composite electrodes formed by HNTs that after treatment with different acid etching temperatures and RGO were compared. The result shows that the cycling stability and the utilization rate of active substances of the Li-S battery were greatly improved because the pore structure and surface polarity functional groups of HNTs and the introduction of RGO provide a conductive network for insulating sulfur particles. The RGO@HNTs treated by acid treatment at 80 °C (RGO@HNTs-80/S) composite electrode at 0.1 C has an initial capacity of 1134 mAh g-1, the discharge capacity after 50 cycles retains 20.1% higher than the normal S electrode and maintains a specific discharge capacity of 556 mAh g-1 at 1 C. Therefore, RGO and HNTs can effectively improve the initial discharge specific capacity, cycle performance and rate performance of Li-S batteries.
| S-EPMC7720120 | biostudies-literature
Project description:LiV₃O₈/polytriphenylamine composites are synthesized by a chemical oxidative polymerization process and applied as cathode materials for rechargeable lithium batteries (RLB). The structure, morphology, and electrochemical performances of the composites are characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, galvanostatic discharge/charge tests, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. It was found that the polytriphenylamine particles were composited with LiV₃O₈ nanorods which acted as a protective barrier against the side reaction of LiV₃O₈, as well as a conductive network to reduce the reaction resistance among the LiV₃O₈ particles. Among the LiV₃O₈/polytriphenylamine composites, the 17 wt % LVO/PTPAn composite showed the largest d100 spacing. The electrochemical results showed that the 17 wt % LVO/PTPAn composite maintained a discharge capacity of 271 mAh·g-1 at a current density of 60 mA·g-1, as well as maintaining 236 mAh·g-1 at 240 mA·g-1 after 50 cycles, while the bare LiV₃O₈ sample retained only 169 and 148 mAh·g-1, respectively. Electrochemical impedance spectra (EIS) results implied that the 17 wt % LVO/PTPAn composite demonstrated a decreased charge transfer resistance and increased Li⁺ ion diffusion ability, therefore manifesting better rate capability and cycling performance compared to the bare LiV₃O₈ sample.
| S-EPMC5506961 | biostudies-other
Project description:The increase in knowledge in oncology and the possibility of creating personalized medicine by selecting a more appropriate therapy related to the different tumor subtypes, as well as the management of patients with cancer within a multidisciplinary team has improved the clinical outcomes [...].
| S-EPMC7565136 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The severity of the overdose epidemic underscores the urgent need for innovative and high impact interventions that promote the rapid penetration and scale up of evidence-based practices (EBPs) in communities profoundly affected by fatal opioid overdose. This special issue shares scientific advancements in implementation research design and evaluation of a novel data-driven community-based intervention. The HEALing (Helping End Addiction Long-Term) Communities Study (HCS) is a four-year study that is designed to examine the effectiveness of the Communities That HEAL (CTH) intervention. The CTH intervention supports the dissemination of EBPs in 67 communities across four high-burdened states-Kentucky, Massachusetts, New York, and Ohio. The diversity in these communities in terms of rural-urban status, race-ethnicity and other social determinants of health facilitates generalizability of results to other communities across the US. The nine papers in this special issue describe critical elements that constitute the HCS framework and design. This includes the implementation of EBPs that have a substantial impact on fatal and non-fatal opioid overdose, the Opioid-overdose Reduction Continuum of Care Approach, communication campaigns to increase awareness and demand for EBPs and reduce stigma against people with OUD and MOUD interventions, and the process of community engagement. This includes how to form community coalitions and gain their commitment, and steps taken to mobilize coalitions to pursue EBP implementation and ensure EBPs are adapted for community needs. The collective papers in this issue demonstrate that the design of any complex study must adapt to unanticipated temporal events, including the rapidly emerging COVID-19 crisis. Readers will learn about the scientific process of the design and implementation of a community-engaged intervention, its methodologies, guiding conceptual models, and research implementation strategies that can be applied to address other health issues.
| S-EPMC7528891 | biostudies-literature