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Blood donation practice and its associated factors among health professionals of University of Gondar Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: a cross sectional study.

ABSTRACT: Blood donation has remained a challenge in developing countries, like Ethiopia. In Ethiopia there is a high reliance on family surrogate and waged blood donors which carries an attendant increased risk of transfusion transmissible infection. Health workers are expected to practice blood donation so as to create a good image to the public. A study on blood donation behavior may improve successful implementation of the blood donation programs.An institution based cross-sectional study was deployed from January to June 2015. An aggregate of 427 health workers were included in the study by using simple random sampling technique. Data were collected by using pre tested and structured questionnaire via self-administrated method. Descriptive and summary statistics were employed. Bivariate and multiple logistic regressions were computed. Odds ratios and their 95% confidence intervals were calculated to determine the level of significance.A total of 427 participants were included in the final analysis (response rate = 100%). Among these participants, 33.2% of them practice blood donation. Age above 25 years [AOR = 1.8 (95% CI 1.1, 3.0)], health professionals' knowledge of blood donation [AOR = 1.9 (95% CI 1.1, 3.1)], health professionals' attitude towards blood donation [AOR = 3.0, 95% CI 1. 8, 4.9)], and the presence of family members or relatives who received blood [AOR = 5.4, 95% CI 3.7, 8.7)] were significantly and independently associated with blood donation behavior of health professionals.Blood donation practice of health professionals in this study was found to be low as compared to other studies conducted in developing countries. Health professionals' knowledge, attitude, age and the presence of family members or relatives who received blood before were independently associated with blood donation practice. Thus, awareness has to be created for health professionals to improve blood donation practices.

SUBMITTER: Arage G

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5518141 | biostudies-other | 2017 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Project description:ObjectivesTo estimate the prevalence of various indicators of malnutrition (stunting, wasting, low birth weight, concurrent stunting and wasting, overweight/obesity and double burden malnutrition) among newborns and to investigate factors associated with these nutritional disorders.MethodsA hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 10 March through to May 2020. A total of 419 newborns were recruited into the study to estimate the prevalence of low birth weight and stunting. After excluding 28 newborns whose length was less than 45 cm, 394 newborn-mother dyads were approached to estimate wasting and overweight/obesity. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select participants. All independent variables were entered into the multivariable logistic regression model and variables that had significant associations were identified based on a p value.ResultsA very small proportion of the newborns 2.5% (0.9% to 4.1%) were concurrently wasted and stunted. The prevalence rates of low birth weight and wasting were 20.8% (16.8% to 24.6%) and 10.9% (7.82% to 14.01%), respectively. The magnitude of overweight/obesity was 12.7% (9.3% to 15.9%) where 2.8% (1.1% to 4.4%) of newborns have the double burden of malnutrition. Having a father with a primary level of education 2.82 (1.19 to 6.65) and being stunted at birth 3.17 (1.6 to 6.0) were variables that were associated with increased odds of low birth weight. The odds of being overweight/obese are significantly higher among newborns born to mothers who are urban dwellers 0.35 (0.12 to 0.99).ConclusionsThe study underscores that malnutrition is a pressing public health concern that demands due emphasis. Fathers' educational status (low level) and being stunted are associated with a high burden of low birth weight. Mothers' residency (being urban) is associated with an elevated risk of overweight/obesity among newborns. Thus, improving the health literacy of fathers and preventing stunting at birth are recommended to mitigate low birth weight.

Project description:BackgroundCervical cancer is one of the leading causes of death in women worldwide. Majority of the cases are found in developing countries. The increasing risk of cervical cancer death and the high prevalence of human papilloma virus (HPV) infection in Human immuno-deficiency virus(HIV) positive women calls for determining the level of premalignant cervical cancer (Ca) screening uptake. So, this study aimed to assess the uptake of cervical cancer screening and its associated factors.MethodsAn institution based cross sectional study was conducted from April to May, 2016, among adult HIV positive women attending care and treatment at Gondar University Referral Hospital. The data were collected using an interviewer administered questionnaire. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to determine the presence and the degree of association between dependent and independent variables. In the multivariable logistic analysis, a P-value of < 0.05 and odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval were considered to determine independent predictors for the uptake of cervical cancer(Ca) screening.ResultsThe life-time uptake of cervical cancer screening among HIV positive women was 10% (95% Confidence Interval(CI): 7.3-12.8). In multivariable the analysis, women with primary education (Adjusted Odds Ratio(AOR) = 3.92, 95%CI:1.70-8.99), secondary education (AOR = 3.84, 95%CI: 1.50-9.83), and tertiary level education (AOR = 4.16, 95%CI: 1.24-13.98), having a child (AOR = 3.02, 95%CI: 1.23-7.46), diagnosed as HIV positive ten years back or more (AOR = 2.71, 95% CI: 1.06-6.97), and Cell Differentiation 4(CD4) count of less than or equal to 200cell/mm3 (AOR = 5.29, 95% CI: 2.58-10.83) were significantly associated with the uptake of cervical cancer screening.ConclusionIn this study, the uptake of cervical cancer screening was very low. Educational status, parity, length of time after diagnosis as HIV positive, and CD4 count are important predictors of cervical cancer screening. Health care workers and cervical cancer prevention and control program coordinators and implementers need to provide counseling services for all Anti-retroviral Therapy(ART) care attendants. So as to explore the root causes for the low utilization of precancerous stage of cervical Ca screening service, conducting a study on the supply side with a qualitative component is mandatory.

Project description:Background:Hypertension is a major health problem worldwide. It can lead to cardiovascular disease and also leads to functional disturbances including hematological parameters. The abnormalities of haematological parameters may enhance an end-organ damage. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess some hematological parameters of hypertensive individuals in comparison with normotensive individuals at University of Gondar hospital, northwest Ethiopia. Methods:A cross sectional comparative study was conducted from October to November 2015 on a total of 126 hypertensive and 126 normotensive individuals at University of Gondar Hospital. All participants after taking informed consent were interviewed for detailed history and 3 ml of blood was collected for hematological test analysis. Independent t-test and the Mann Whitney u-test were used to find out significant difference and Pearson's and Spearman's correlation were used for correlation test. P values less than 0.05 was considered the level of significance. Result:From a total of 252 study subjects, about 67.5% were females. The mean age of study subjects was 50.3?±?11 years for hypertensive individuals and 49.8?±?11.6 years for normotensive individuals with range of 18-65 years. In the present study, the median (IQR) value of WBC, RBC, Hgb, HCT, MCV and the mean value of MCHC, RDW, MPV and PDW were significantly higher in hypertensive group compared to apparently healthy normotensive groups. Additionally, WBC, RBC, Hgb, HCT and PLT showed statistically significant positive correlations with blood pressure indices. Platelet count and MCH did not show statistically significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion:Hypertension has impact on hematological parameters. In this study, the mean and median values of haematological parameters in hypertensive individuals were significantly different compared to apparently healthy normotensive individuals. Hence, hematological parameters can be used to monitor the prognosis of the disease and manage hypertensive related complications, and it is important to assess hematological parameters for hypertensive individuals which may help to prevent complications associated hematological disorders.

Project description:ObjectiveThis study was conducted to assess the factors associated with knowledge and attitude towards adult cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) among health professionals at the University of Gondar Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia.Study designAn institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 15 February to 15 March 2018. Both bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to identify factors associated with knowledge and attitude level of health professionals towards CPR. Variables with a p value less than <0.2 in the bivariable analysis were fitted into the multivariable analysis. In the multivariable analysis, variables with a p value <0.05 were considered statistically significant.SettingUniversity of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia.ParticipantsA total of 406 health professionals (physicians, nurses, anaesthetists, health officers and midwives) were included.ResultsAmong the study participants, 25.1% (95% CI 21.2 to 29.3) had good knowledge and 60.8% (95% CI 55.9 to 65.5) had good attitude towards adult CPR. Work experience (adjusted OR (AOR): 5.02, 95% CI 1.25 to 20.20), number of work settings (AOR: 6.52, 95% CI 2.76 to 15.41), taking CPR training (AOR: 2.76, 95% CI 1.40 to 5.42), exposure to cardiac arrest case (AOR: 2.16, 95% CI 1.14 to 4.07) and reading CPR guidelines (AOR: 5.57, 95% CI 2.76 to 11.20) were positively associated with good knowledge. Similarly, taking CPR training (AOR: 1.74, 95% CI 1.42 to 1.53) and reading CPR guidelines (AOR: 2.74, 95% CI 1.55 to 4.85) were positively associated with good attitude.ConclusionsThe level of knowledge and attitude of health professionals towards adult CPR was suboptimal. Health professionals who were taking CPR training and reading CPR guidelines had good knowledge and attitude towards CPR. In addition, work experience, number of work settings and exposure to cardiac arrest case had a positive association with CPR knowledge. Thus, providing regular CPR training and work setting rotations is highly crucial.

Project description:BackgroundDespite the apparent benefits of organophosphate compounds (OPCs) acute organophosphate (OP) pesticide poison is an increasing problem worldwide. In a country like Ethiopia, where agriculture is a major component of the economy, these compounds are readily available to the general public. There is paucity of evidence from Ethiopia showing the pattern of organophosphate poisoning (OPP) in healthcare facilities. The objective of this study was to evaluate retrospectively the pattern of acute OPP at the University of Gondar Teaching Hospital in northwest Ethiopia, during September 2010 through December 2014 was conducted. Data was collected through chart review of patients who were admitted due to poisoning. Data was analysed using SPSS 20.ResultsOrganophosphate poisoning in University of Gondar teaching hospital accounts for about 38.46% of all emergency room admissions for poisoning. Out of the 90 cases studied 60% (54) were women, with male to female ratio of 1:1.5. The mean age of the patients was 25.5 with a standard deviation of 9.45. 56.7% of the cases studies lived in an urban environment compared to 43.3% who lived rurally. In the vast majority of patients, 90% (81) patients had ingested OP as an act of suicide. Regarding the route of exposure, oral ingestion was most common in suicidal cases (88.9%). The elapsed time between the time of poison ingestion and the start of the treatment, ranged from 13 min to 1 day. Health care professionals' useds decontamination methods such as gastric lavage and activated charcoal (45.6%) and 36.7% use atropine for OPP treatment. The mean hospital stay was 0.74 days. In the present study family problems were a leading cause of suicides and accounted for 45.8% of all cases.ConclusionAs a developing nation who economy relies heavily on agriculture, Ethiopia continues to have OP compounds remain a common cause of acute poisonings. This is particularly concerning for younger generation who have high rates of OPP and whose numbers continue to raise. This data suggests that it is essential to strengthen Ethiopians regulatory policy concerning the availability of OPCs. Additionally, it will be important to design an appropriate health education program for the prevention of both suicidal and accidental OPPs for the benefit of the public at large.

Project description:BACKGROUND:Asking patients/clients what they perceive about the care and treatment they have received is one of the important steps towards improving the quality of health care. In the scientific world, a number of efforts have been tried to understand about what laboring mothers perceive about the care provided. However, little is known about the birth experiences of partners in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study was aimed to assess the maternal and partner's level of satisfaction on the delivery room service in the study area. METHODS:A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2018 to January 2019 in University of Gondar referral hospital. The birth satisfaction scale is used for the mother, and it was adapted to the partners' perspective. Paired-samples t tests were used for comparing mothers and partners for the birth satisfaction scales global and thematic scores. A binary logistic regression model was fitted to identify predicting factors for mothers' and partners satisfaction. RESULTS:The overall satisfaction of mothers in this study was 47.6%. Whereas, 41.2% of partners were satisfied by delivery room services. There were mean difference between mothers and partners' birth satisfaction scale (p = 0.02). Maternal satisfaction scale was affected by age [OR = 0.36, 95%CI (0.18, 0.73)], perception [OR = 0.02, 95%CI (0.001,0.09)], waiting time [OR = 0.11, 95%CI (0.001, 0.09)],visiting mode [OR = 0.01, 95%CI (0.001,0.08)], pregnancy status [OR = 0.04, 95%CI (0.01,0.33)] and fatal outcome [OR = 0.001, 95%CI (0.001,0.018)] .whereas, partners satisfaction was associated with age [OR = 0.16,95%CI (0.05 0.49)], occupational status [OR = 0.02, 95%CI (0.001, 0.24), amount of money to pay for service [OR = 2.87, 95%CI (1.07, 7.71), visiting mode of his wife [OR = 0.08, 95%CI (0.01, 0.35)], waiting time [OR = 0.12, 95%CI (0.04, 0.33)], privacy [OR = 10.61, 95%CI (3.00, 37.52)], mode of delivery of his wife [OR = 7.69, 95%CI (3.00, 19.69)]. CONCLUSION:This finding would alert the health care system to design a client-friendly approach. It will provide insight to hospital administrators and providers in formulating a policy that would enhance the support of partners during labour and delivery process.

Project description:BackgroundCOVID-19 is a highly communicable disease that can be transmitted from animal-to-human and human-to-human contacts. It is still now a major global threat for which vaccination remains the ultimate solution to protect it, especially healthcare professionals are the first frontiers to fight against the COVID-19 virus which makes them at higher risk of this disease. Therefore, to reduce the spread of COVID-19, we need to improve the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccines is crucial. The aim of this study was to assess the vaccine hesitancy of the COVID-19 vaccine among health professionals who worked at the University of Gondar Specialized Hospital.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted between 1 May and 10 June 2021. And the data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 26. A chi-square test was conducted and to assess the associations between socio-demographic characteristics, perceived risk of COVID-19, attitude, and acceptance of COVID-19 vaccine, a p-value of less than 0.05 was considered to declare statistical significance.ResultsWe surveyed 319 health professionals with a response rate of 67.87%. Of these, 74.9% (239) were male, and 81.2% (259) of health professionals were perceived exposed to COVID-19 without testing. 87.7% of respondents would like to vaccinate their parents. 66.2% (208) of them have accepted the COVID-19 vaccine. 54.85% (175) of health professionals had a good attitude and 45.8% (146) of health professionals were received the first-round COVID-19 vaccine.ConclusionThis study showed that more than 60% of health professionals had good acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination during the pandemic period. Regarding vaccine safety profile may reduce the vaccination in the future. To increase vaccine uptake in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, COVID-19 vaccination programs should be redesigned to remove barriers to vaccine acceptance. Knowledge and attitude toward the COVID-19 vaccine should be promoted.

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Blood donation practice and its associated factors among health professionals of University of Gondar Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: a cross sectional study.

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