CORRIGENDUM to Relative Visual Oscillation Can Facilitate Visually Induced Self-Motion Perception.
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PROVIDER: S-EPMC5521338 | biostudies-other | 2016 Nov-Dec
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other
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Project description:Adding simulated viewpoint jitter or oscillation to displays enhances visually induced illusions of self-motion (vection). The cause of this enhancement is yet to be fully understood. Here, we conducted psychophysical experiments to investigate the effects of different types of simulated oscillation on vertical vection. Observers viewed horizontally oscillating and nonoscillating optic flow fields simulating downward self-motion through an aperture. The aperture was visually simulated to be nearer to the observer and was stationary or oscillating in-phase or counter-phase to the direction of background horizontal oscillations of optic flow. Results showed that vection strength was modulated by the oscillation of the aperture relative to the background optic flow. Vertical vection strength increased as the relative oscillatory horizontal motion between the flow and the aperture increased. However, such increases in vection were only generated when the added oscillations were orthogonal to the principal direction of the optic flow pattern, and not when they occurred in the same direction. The oscillation effects observed in this investigation could not be explained by motion adaptation or different (motion parallax based) effects on depth perception. Instead, these results suggest that the oscillation advantage for vection depends on relative visual motion.
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Project description:Humans can use visual motion to estimate the distance they have traveled. In static environments, optic flow generated by self-motion provides a pattern of expanding motion that is used for the estimation of travel distance. When the environment is populated by other people, their biological motion destroys the one-to-on correspondence between optic flow and travel distance. We investigated how observers estimate travel distance in a crowded environment. In three conditions, we simulated self-motion through a crowd of standing, approaching, or leading point-light walkers. For a standing crowd, optic flow is a veridical signal for distance perception. For an approaching crowd, the visual motion is the sum of the self-motion-induced optic flow and the optic flow produced by the approaching walkers. If only optic flow were to be used, travel distance estimates would be too high because of the approaching direction of the crowd toward the observer. If, on the other hand, cues from biological motion could be used to estimate the speed of the crowd, then the excessive optic from the approaching crowd flow might be compensated. In the leading crowd condition, in which walkers of the crowd keep their distance from the observer as they walk along with the observer, no optic flow is produced. In this condition, travel distance estimation would have to rely solely on biological motion information. We found that distance estimation was quite similar across these three conditions. This suggests that biological motion information can be used (a) to compensate for excessive optic flow in the approaching crowd condition and (b) to generate distance information in the leading crowd condition.
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Project description:Perception of self-motion is based on the integration of multiple sensory inputs, in particular from the vestibular and visual systems. Our previous study demonstrated that vestibular linear acceleration information distorted auditory space perception (Teramoto et al., 2012). However, it is unclear whether this phenomenon is contingent on vestibular signals or whether it can be caused by inputs from other sensory modalities involved in self-motion perception. Here, we investigated whether visual linear self-motion information can also alter auditory space perception. Large-field visual motion was presented to induce self-motion perception with constant accelerations (Experiment 1) and a constant velocity (Experiment 2) either in a forward or backward direction. During participants' experience of self-motion, a short noise burst was delivered from one of the loudspeakers aligned parallel to the motion direction along a wall to the left of the listener. Participants indicated from which direction the sound was presented, forward or backward, relative to their coronal (i.e., frontal) plane. Results showed that the sound position aligned with the subjective coronal plane (SCP) was significantly displaced in the direction of self-motion, especially in the backward self-motion condition as compared with a no motion condition. These results suggest that self-motion information, irrespective of its origin, is crucial for auditory space perception.
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Project description:BackgroundVision provides the most salient information with regard to the stimulus motion. However, it has recently been demonstrated that static visual stimuli are perceived as moving laterally by alternating left-right sound sources. The underlying mechanism of this phenomenon remains unclear; it has not yet been determined whether auditory motion signals, rather than auditory positional signals, can directly contribute to visual motion perception.Methodology/principal findingsStatic visual flashes were presented at retinal locations outside the fovea together with a lateral auditory motion provided by a virtual stereo noise source smoothly shifting in the horizontal plane. The flash appeared to move by means of the auditory motion when the spatiotemporal position of the flashes was in the middle of the auditory motion trajectory. Furthermore, the lateral auditory motion altered visual motion perception in a global motion display where different localized motion signals of multiple visual stimuli were combined to produce a coherent visual motion perception.Conclusions/significanceThese findings suggest there exist direct interactions between auditory and visual motion signals, and that there might be common neural substrates for auditory and visual motion processing.
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