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Activation of Direct and Indirect Pathway Medium Spiny Neurons Drives Distinct Brain-wide Responses.


ABSTRACT: A central theory of basal ganglia function is that striatal neurons expressing the D1 and D2 dopamine receptors exert opposing brain-wide influences. However, the causal influence of each population has never been measured at the whole-brain scale. Here, we selectively stimulated D1 or D2 receptor-expressing neurons while visualizing whole-brain activity with fMRI. Excitation of either inhibitory population evoked robust positive BOLD signals within striatum, while downstream regions exhibited significantly different and generally opposing responses consistent with-though not easily predicted from-contemporary models of basal ganglia function. Importantly, positive and negative signals within the striatum, thalamus, GPi, and STN were all associated with increases and decreases in single-unit activity, respectively. These findings provide direct evidence for the opposing influence of D1 and D2 receptor-expressing striatal neurons on brain-wide circuitry and extend the interpretability of fMRI studies by defining cell-type-specific contributions to the BOLD signal.

SUBMITTER: Lee HJ 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5528162 | biostudies-other | 2016 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Activation of Direct and Indirect Pathway Medium Spiny Neurons Drives Distinct Brain-wide Responses.

Lee Hyun Joo HJ   Weitz Andrew J AJ   Bernal-Casas David D   Duffy Ben A BA   Choy ManKin M   Kravitz Alexxai V AV   Kreitzer Anatol C AC   Lee Jin Hyung JH  

Neuron 20160630 2


A central theory of basal ganglia function is that striatal neurons expressing the D1 and D2 dopamine receptors exert opposing brain-wide influences. However, the causal influence of each population has never been measured at the whole-brain scale. Here, we selectively stimulated D1 or D2 receptor-expressing neurons while visualizing whole-brain activity with fMRI. Excitation of either inhibitory population evoked robust positive BOLD signals within striatum, while downstream regions exhibited s  ...[more]

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