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DOSE RESPONSE RELATIONSHIP OF NEUROMUSCULAR BLOCKADE, INTUBATION CONDITIONS AND CARDIOVASCULAR CHANGES WITH CHANDONIUM IODIDE.

ABSTRACT: One hundred and forty ASA physical status I and II patients undergoing general or gynaecological surgery were the subjects of this study. Patients were randomly assigned into five groups receiving 100, 150, 180, 200 and 250 µg/kg I.V. of chandonium iodide after induction of general anaesthesia with thiopentone. Neuromuscular blockade was assessed clinically, as well as, with twitch response/train of four using myotest nerve stimulator. Increasing dosage of chandonium iodide decreased the time to onset of jaw relaxation and apnoea (p<0.01) and caused linear increase in the duration of neuromuscular blockade from 10.90 ± 5.31 to 25.18 ± 7.15 min (p<0.01) over the dosage rage of 100 to 250 µg/kg. Intubation conditions also improved with increasing doses of chandonium iodide, so that, although intubation was possible in all the patients, grading of good intubation conditions were achieved in 64, 80, 88, 100 and 100% of patients in groups I to V respectively. 200 µg/kg of chandonium iodide produced ideal intubation conditions. Recovery to spontaneous ventilation was rapid and smooth, further facilitated with neuromuscular antagonists. Short lasting increase in heart rate and blood pressure was seen which was neither dose dependent nor outlasting the duration of neuromuscular blockade.

SUBMITTER: Suri YV

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5529698 | biostudies-other | 1994 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Project description:Background: Youth athletes with intensive sports participation are at an increased risk of sustaining injuries. Neuromuscular training programs reduce sports-related injury risk in this population, however, the dose-response relationship is largely unknown. Thus, the aim of this meta-analysis was to identify the optimal frequency, volume, duration, and period of neuromuscular training to prevent injuries in youth athletes. Methods: Computerized database searches (PubMed, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, The Cochrane Library, PEDro) were conducted in January 2017, with search terms related to youth sports, neuromuscular training, and injury prevention. Eligible trials (i) evaluated a neuromuscular training program; (ii) included youth athletes of 21 years or younger; (iii) had an analytical design (RCTs, quasi-experimental, cohort studies); (iv) contained original data; (v) and provided injury data. Two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed quality of eligible studies. Injury rate ratios (IRRs) for lower extremity injuries were pooled meta-analytically, and moderator analyses examined the effect of training frequency, duration, volume, and period. Results: Data from 16 trials yielded an overall risk reduction of 42% with neuromuscular training (IRR = 0.58, 95%CI 0.47-0.72). Training frequencies of two (IRR = 0.50; 95%CI 0.29-0.86) or three times (IRR = 0.40; 95%CI 0.31-0.53) per week revealed the largest risk reduction, and a weekly training volume of more than 30 min tended to be more effective compared to lower volumes. Programs with 10-15 min (IRR = 0.55; 95%CI 0.42-0.72) session duration produced effects comparable to those with longer session duration (IRR = 0.60; 95%CI 0.46-0.76). Interventions lasting more than 6 months were not superior to shorter programs. Conclusion: This meta-analysis revealed that NMT performed in short bouts of 10-15 min, two to three times per week, with a weekly training volume of 30-60 min had the largest preventive effect for lower extremity injuries in youth athletes. These effects can be achieved within 20-60 sessions and training periods of <6 months. The present results are derived from a relatively small number of studies with heterogeneous methodological quality and should be treated with caution. The study was a priori registered at PROSPERO (CRD42016053473).

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DOSE RESPONSE RELATIONSHIP OF NEUROMUSCULAR BLOCKADE, INTUBATION CONDITIONS AND CARDIOVASCULAR CHANGES WITH CHANDONIUM IODIDE.

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