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Oridonin induces apoptosis and reverses drug resistance in cisplatin resistant human gastric cancer cells.

ABSTRACT: Gastric cancer is the third most frequent cause of cancer-associated mortality and almost all patients who respond initially to cisplatin (DDP) later develop drug resistance, indicating multi-drug resistance (MDR) is an essential aspect of the failure of treatment. The natural diterpenoid component Oridonin (Ori) has exhibited efficient inhibition in several types of human cancer. However, the effect and potential mechanism of Ori-reversed MDR in human gastric cancer has not been fully elucidated. In the present study, it was found that Ori significantly suppressed DDP-resistant human SGC7901/DDP cell proliferation, growth and colony formation, causing increased caspase-dependent apoptosis, decreased expression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), encoded by the MDR gene, multi-drug resistance-associated protein (MRP1), and cyclin D1. SGC7901/DDP cells were cultured with different groups of drugs (Ori, DDP alone, or the combination of Ori and DDP). The drug sensitivity, cell apoptosis and effects on MDR were detected by MTT assay and western blot analysis. The results revealed that Ori is able to reverse the DDP resistance and has a clear synergistic effect with DDP in SGC7901/DDP cells by decreasing the levels of P-gp, MRP1, cyclin D1 and cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A. Thus, Ori may be a novel effective candidate to treat DDP-resistant human gastric cancer cells.

SUBMITTER: He Z

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5530171 | biostudies-other | 2017 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Project description:Gastric cancer is the third most common malignancy in China, with a median 5-year survival of only 20%. Cisplatin has been used in first-line cancer treatment for several types of cancer including gastric cancer. However, patients are often primary resistant or develop acquired resistance resulting in relapse of the cancer and reduced survival. Recently, we demonstrated that the reduced expression of base excision repair protein XRCC1 and its upstream regulator JWA in gastric cancerous tissues correlated with a significant survival benefit of adjuvant first-line platinum-based chemotherapy as well as XRCC1 playing an important role in the DNA repair of cisplatin-resistant gastric cancer cells. In the present study, we demonstrated the role of JWA in cisplatin-induced DNA lesions and aquired cisplatin resistance in five cell-culture models: gastric epithelial cells GES-1, cisplatin-sensitive gastric cancer cell lines BGC823 and SGC7901, and the cisplatin-resistant gastric cancer cell lines BGC823/DDP and SGC7901/DDP. Our results indicated that JWA is required for DNA repair following cisplatin-induced double-strand breaks (DSBs) via XRCC1 in normal gastric epithelial cells. However, in gastric cancer cells, JWA enhanced cisplatin-induced cell death through regulation of DNA damage-induced apoptosis. The protein expression of JWA was significantly decreased in cisplatin-resistant cells and contributed to cisplatin resistance. Interestingly, as JWA upregulated XRCC1 expression in normal cells, JWA downregulated XRCC1 expression through promoting the degradation of XRCC1 in cisplatin-resistant gastric cancer cells. Furthermore, the negative regulation of JWA to XRCC1 was blocked due to the mutation of 518S/519T/523T residues of XRCC1, and indicating that the CK2 activated 518S/519T/523T phosphorylation is a key point in the regulation of JWA to XRCC1. In conclusion, we report for the first time that JWA regulated cisplatin-induced DNA damage and apoptosis through the CK2-P-XRCC1-XRCC1 pathway, indicating a putative drug target for reversing cisplatin resistance in gastric cancer.

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Oridonin induces apoptosis and reverses drug resistance in cisplatin resistant human gastric cancer cells.

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