Prevalence of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders in the Nurses Working in Hospitals of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Yan P
PROVIDER: S-EPMC5530439 | biostudies-other | 2017
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other
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Project description:BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence and distribution of type 2 diabetes and to determine the status of type 2 diabetes awareness, treatment, and control in Xinjiang, China. Our data came from the Cardiovascular Risk Survey (CRS) study designed to investigate the prevalence and risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in Xinjiang from October 2007 to March 2010. A total of 14 122 persons (5583 Hans, 4620 Uygurs, and 3919 Kazaks) completed the survey and examination. Diabetes was defined by the American Diabetes Association 2009 criteria. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Overall, 9.26% of the Han, 6.23% of the Uygur, and 3.65% of the Kazak adults aged ≥35 years had diabetes. Among diabetes patients, only 53.0% were aware of their blood glucose level, 26.7% were taking hypoglycemic agents, and 10.4% achieved blood glucose control in Han, 35.8% were aware of their blood glucose level, 7.3% were taking hypoglycemic agents, and 3.13% achieved blood glucose control in Uygur, and 23.8% were aware of their blood glucose level, 6.3% were taking hypoglycemic agents, and 1.4% achieved blood glucose control in Kazak, respectively. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Our results indicate that diabetes is highly prevalent in Xinjiang. The percentages of those with diabetes who are aware, treated, and controlled are unacceptably low. These results underscore the urgent need to develop national strategies to improve prevention, detection, and treatment of diabetes in Xinjiang, the west China.
| S-EPMC3323648 | biostudies-other
Project description:AimTo examine the nature and prevalence of Cambodian nurses' work hours and overtime and related factors BACKGROUND: The chronic shortage of nursing workforce is a major cause of overtime among nurses.IntroductionNursing shortage and working overtime among nurses negatively affect nurse and patient outcomes, but nurses' work hours and overtime in Cambodia have not been comprehensively examined.MethodsA multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted in four Cambodian hospitals. Data were collected from 253 nurses providing direct nursing care using a questionnaire. The STROBE checklist was used for reporting this study.ResultsMore than a fifth of staff nurses worked more than 48 h, which is the legal work hour limit in Cambodia. Two major reasons for working mandatory or voluntary overtime, on-call or 24-h on-call were (a) not wanting to let down colleagues and (b) able to get all work done. The number of patients cared for was related to whether or not nurses worked 48 h or more.ConclusionOvertime work and adverse nurse scheduling are common in Cambodia.Implications for nursing and health policyNurse managers and healthcare institutes in Cambodia need to monitor Cambodian nurses' work hours, which are often beyond the legal work hour limit. Moreover, it is important to understand why nurses work overtime and develop health policies, strategies, and programs that can help promote patient and nurse safety and retain qualified nursing staff. The 24-h on-call practice needs to be regulated according to the labor policy in healthcare institutes to prevent adverse nurse and patient outcomes.
| S-EPMC9293033 | biostudies-literature
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| S-EPMC8393009 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Three new species of eriophyoid mites from Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China, are described and illustrated. They are Paracolomerusgonglius sp. n. and Phyllocoptrutabeggerianae sp. n. collected on Rosabeggeriana Schrenk ex Fisch. & C. A. Mey. (Rosaceae), and Rhyncaphytoptusfuyuniensis sp. n. collected on Cotoneasterignavus E. L. Wolf (Rosaceae). All eriophyoid mites described here are vagrants on the undersurface of leaves and any apparent damage was not observed.
| S-EPMC4492208 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundMusculoskeletal disorders represent a significant occupational problem among nurses; however, data on musculoskeletal health of nurses in Sub-Sahara Africa are sparse. This study sought to determine the lifetime, 12-months period and point prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs); the associated job risk factors and the coping strategies toward reducing the risk among nurses from selected hospitals in Ibadan, South-west NigeriaMethodsA previously validated self administered questionnaire which sought information on demographics, prevalence and pattern of WMSDs, associated job risk factors and coping strategies was employed as the survey instrument. A total of 160 questionnaires were distributed to nurses in the different hospitals but 128 questionnaires were returned yielding an 80% response rate. 10 of the returned questionnaires were excluded because of incomplete data.ResultsEighty-four point four percent of the nurses have had WMSDs once or more in their occupational lives. The 12-months period and point prevalence rate of WMSDs at any body region was 78% and 66.1% respectively. WMSDs occurred mostly in low back (44.1%), neck (28.0%), and knees (22.4%). 30.3% treated themselves or had visited other health practitioners for care. Nurses with > 20 years of clinical experience are about 4 times more likely to develop WMSDs (OR 3.81; CI 1.08-13.4) than those with 11-20 years experience. Working in the same positions for long periods (55.1%), lifting or transferring dependent patients (50.8%) and treating an excessive number of patients in one day (44.9%) were the most perceived job risk factors for WMSDs. Getting help in handling heavy patients (50.4%), modification of nursing procedures in order to avoid re-injury (45.4%), and modifying patient's/nurse position (40.3%) were the top three coping strategies.ConclusionsA high proportion of Nigerian nurses reported WMSDs at some body site in their occupational lives with the low back being injured most often. Education programmes on prevention and coping strategies for musculoskeletal disorders are recommended for nurses in order to reduce the rate of occupational hazards and also promote efficiency in patient care.
| S-EPMC2823665 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundTo evaluate the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) in perioperative nurses and to explore their association with personal characteristics.MethodsMedline, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and Joanna Briggs Institute Database were systematically searched. A meta-analysis calculating event rates, and relative 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) was performed for each musculoskeletal body region. The contribution of perioperative nurses' sex, age, and BMI was assessed through a meta-regression.ResultsTwenty-two studies, considering 3590 perioperative nurses, were included in the systematic review. The highest prevalence of WRMSDs was found for the lower-back (62%; 95% CI 0.54-0.70), followed by knee (47%; 95% CI 0.36-0.59), shoulder (44%; 95% CI 0.37-0.51), waist (42%; 95% CI 0.31-0.53), neck (39%; 95% CI 0.29-0.51), ankle-feet (35%; 95% CI 0.22-0.51), upper-back (34%; 95% CI 0.25-0.44), hand-wrist (29%; 95% CI 0.20-0.40), and elbow (18%; 95% CI 0.12-0.26). Meta-regression showed that sex, age, and BMI were not significant predictors of low-back disorders (p = 0.69; R2 = 0).ConclusionsWRMSDs represent a high prevalence issue among perioperative nurses. Perioperative nurses, in general, are steadily exposed to both physical and temporal risk factors. Further studies should be addressed to identify specific interventions aimed at reducing the burden of WRMSDs including ergonomic education and physical rehabilitation. Our data could be used in future studies as a reference to assess the risk of WRMSDs in other health-care professionals' population.
| S-EPMC7908783 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The present study is to investigate the effect of microRNA-146a (miR-146a) and ethnic factor in the occurrence of cervical cancer in Uygur women in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.A total of 620 pieces of cervical tissues were obtained between September 2010 and September 2013, including 208 cases of cervicitis, 207 cases of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, and 205 cases of cervical cancer. The relative expression of miR-146a in tissues was measured using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Polymerase chain reaction - restriction fragment length polymorphism was used to determine the genotypes of miR-146a (rs2910164). Differences between two groups and multiple groups were compared using t-test and one-factor analysis of variance, respectively. Comparison of genotype compositions and genetic balance examinations were performed using ?(2) test.Uygur women had earlier age of marriage, more times of pregnancy, and more childbirths than Han women. The miR-146a (rs2910164) genotype composition was significantly different between Uygur and Han, with the ratio of GG genotype in Uygur being higher than that in Han. Logistic regression analysis showed that miR-146a (rs2910164) genotypes were significantly correlated to ethnic factor and tumor sizes. The expression of miR-146a was elevated in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer, especially for Uygur women, with the GG genotype being the most highly expressed.The miR-146a (rs2910164) polymorphism is significantly correlated to ethnic factor and tumor diameters. miR-146a has differential expression in cervical tissues. Allele G of miR-146a (rs2910164) is related to the high expression of miR-146a, and the progression of cervical cancer.
| S-EPMC4583922 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundThe multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) tuberculosis (TB) has emerged as a global threat. Xinjiang is a multi-ethnic region and suffered second highest incidence of TB in China. However, epidemiological information on MDR and XDR TB is scarcely investigated.Methodology/principal findingsA prospective study was conducted to analyze the prevalence of MDR and XDR TB and the differences of drug resistance TB between Chinese Han and other nationalities population at Chest Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China. We performed in vitro drug susceptibility testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to first- and second-line anti-tuberculosis drugs for all 1893 culture confirmed positive TB cases that were diagnosed between June 2009 and June 2011. Totally 1117 (59.0%, 95% CI, 56.8%-61.2%) clinical isolates were resistant to ?1 first-line drugs; the prevalence of MDR TB was 13.2% (95% CI, 11.7%-14.7%), of which, 77 (30.8%; 95% CI, 25.0%-36.6%) and 31 (12.8%; 95% CI, 8.6%-17.0%) isolates were pre-XDR and XDR TB respectively. Among the MDR/XDR TB, Chinese Han patients were significantly less likely to be younger with an odds ratio 0.42 for age 20-29 years and 0.52 for age 40-49 years; P(trend) = 0.004), and Chinese Han patients has a lower prevalence of XDR TB (9.6%) than all the other nationality (14.9%).Conclusions/significanceThe burden of drug resistance TB cases is sizeable, which highlights an urgent need to reinforce the control, detection and treatment strategies for drug resistance TB. However, the difference of MDR and XDR TB between Chinese Han and other nationalities was not observed.
| S-EPMC3285197 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundAlthough measures have been put in place, musculoskeletal injuries are noticeable high among the nursing fraternity with low back pain (LBP) being the most prevalent. It is evident that healthcare professionals are in constant exposure to occupational hazards such as musculoskeletal injuries as they discharge their professional duties. Not only does LBP affect the health of the nurses, it also creates a huge burden on the health systems with consequent poor performance at the workplace as well as economic burden. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to map evidence on the prevalence, incidence, mortality, risk factors, and economic costs of musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). This is a scoping review because we want to map the evidence of MSD among nurses in SSA and to identify the scope of body literature in which the findings will be used for planning the intervention study thereafter.Methods and analysisScoping review will be done to explore, describe, and map literature on the prevalence, incidence, mortality, risk factors, and economic costs related to MSD among nurses in SSA. The search will be done using databases such as PubMed, EBSCOHOST, Scopus, Web of Science, Science direct, Sabinet, WorldCat Local (iCatalogue), MEDLINE, CINAHL, Google Scholar, nursing academic editions, and World Health Organization (WHO) library databases. The search will look for primary studies within peer-reviewed articles as well as gray literature. In addition, the researcher will search for articles using keywords from the included studies as well as the list of references for related studies. The screening will be guided by Arksey and O'Malley's framework which has five steps to be followed: (I) identifying the research question, (II) identifying relevant studies, (III) study selection, (IV) charting the data, and (V) collating, summarizing, and reporting the results, and the scoping review will be reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) checklist. A thematic content analysis will be used to give the narrative account of the review; using NVivo version 11 software, two independent reviewers will follow the three stages outlined by the thematic synthesis theory: (a) coding the findings of the included studies line-by-line, (b) organizing these free codes into related areas to construct descriptive themes, and (c) developing analytical themes. The outcome of coding will be verified and discussed with a third reviewer. The process of cross-checking the outcomes of coding of each included article will be discussed thoroughly.DiscussionAt the end, this study anticipates to uncover the relevant literature in SSA in regard to the prevalence, incidence, mortality, risk factors, and economic costs related to MSD among nurses; furthermore, findings from this study will help in identifying research gaps; informing policy, priority in funding, and planning; and guiding future research.
| S-EPMC8364119 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BACKGROUND:Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a neglected disease that is spread to humans by the bites of infected female phlebotomine sand flies. Although this vector-borne disease has been eliminated in most parts of China, it still poses a significant public health burden in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. Understanding of the spatial epidemiology of the disease remains vague in the local community. In the present study, we investigated the spatiotemporal distribution of VL in the region in order to assess the potential threat of the disease. METHODS:Based on comprehensive infection records, the spatiotemporal patterns of new cases of VL in the region between 2005 and 2015 were analysed. By combining maps of environmental and socioeconomic correlates, the boosted regression tree (BRT) model was adopted to identify the environmental niche of VL. RESULTS:The fitted BRT models were used to map potential infection risk zones of VL in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, revealing that the predicted high infection risk zones were mainly concentrated in central and northern Kashgar Prefecture, south of Atushi City bordering Kashgar Prefecture and regions of the northern Bayingolin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture. The final result revealed that approximately 16.64 million people inhabited the predicted potential infection risk areas in the region. CONCLUSIONS:Our results provide a better understanding of the potential endemic foci of VL in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region with a 1 km spatial resolution, thereby enhancing our capacity to target the potential risk areas, to develop disease control strategies and to allocate medical supplies.
| S-EPMC6839266 | biostudies-literature