INTRACARDIAC TUMOURS - EXPERIENCE WITH 12 CASES.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Ganguly D
PROVIDER: S-EPMC5530632 | biostudies-other | 1996 Jul
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other
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Project description:Intracardiac leiomyomatosis is rare but has been increasingly reported in recent years. Owing to its rarity, intracardiac leiomyomatosis has been reported only as isolated case reports and case series. This disorder is thought to be underestimated and easily overlooked in the clinic, while it is dangerous owing to the risk of sudden death caused by total outflow tract obstruction. We performed an electronic literature search for intracardiac leiomyomatosis and identified 194 cases that were reported in English from 1974 (the first reported case) to September 2012. Our aim is to provide a detailed and comprehensive review of the clinical presentation, diagnosis, histopathological characterization, treatment and prognosis of this disorder. According to our analysis, intracardiac leiomyomatosis is most common in the fifth decade, and the mean age of detection is ~50 years. Most patients had undergone previous hysterectomy/myomectomy or had a coexisting uterine leiomyoma when admitted. The most common clinical presentations were dyspnoea, syncope, oedema of the lower extremities and palpitation. Transoesophageal echocardiography, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging are helpful in the preoperative diagnosis and to guide the surgical management. Complete removal guarantees an excellent outcome, with no recurrence or postoperative death, while incomplete removal leads to recurrence in one-third of patients. Anti-oestrogen therapy is not imperative after incomplete removal owing to its inability to prevent recurrence.
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Project description:Background:Cardiac masses (CM) encompass a broad set of lesions that can be either neoplastic or non-neoplastic. A stepwise diagnostic strategy through multimodality imaging evaluation is the cornerstone for the appropriate approach. Case summary:We report the case of an 83-year-old man presenting at the emergency department for acute heart failure showing bilateral atrial masses without unequivocal aetiological aspects at several imaging techniques, emphasizing the critical aspects in the differential diagnosis. Discussion:In the complex field of CM, a proper differential diagnosis is very important in order to start the appropriate treatment; however, sometimes it could be challenging despite a multimodality imaging approach, therefore still requiring histologic examination.
| S-EPMC7180525 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundBreast spindle cell tumours (BSCTs), although rare, represent a heterogeneous group with different treatment modalities. This work was undertaken to evaluate the utility of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), histopathology and immunohistochemistry (IHC) in differentiating BSCTs.MethodsFNAC of eight breast masses diagnosed cytologically as BSCTs was followed by wide excision biopsy. IHC using a panel of antibodies against vimentin, pan-cytokeratin, s100, desmin, smooth muscle actin, CD34, and CD10 was evaluated to define their nature.ResultsFNAC defined the tumors as benign (n = 4), suspicious (n = 2) and malignant (n = 3), based on the cytopathological criteria of malignancy. Following wide excision biopsy, the tumors were reclassified into benign (n = 5) and malignant (n = 3). In the benign group, the diagnosis was raised histologically and confirmed by IHC for 3 cases (one spindle cell lipoma, one myofibroblastoma and one leiomyoma). For the remaining two cases, the diagnosis was set up after IHC (one fibromatosis and one spindle cell variant of adenomyoepithelioma). In the malignant group, a leiomyosarcoma was diagnosed histologically, while IHC was crucial to set up the diagnosis of one case of spindle cell carcinoma and one malignant myoepithelioma.ConclusionFNAC in BSCTs is an insufficient tool and should be followed by wide excision biopsy. The latter technique differentiate benign from malignant BSCTs and is able in 50% of the cases to set up the definite diagnosis. IHC is of value to define the nature of different benign lesions and is mandatory in the malignant ones for optimal treatment. Awareness of the different types of BSCTs prevents unnecessary extensive therapeutic regimes.
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Project description:BackgroundHeartworms, a cause of pulmonary hypertension (PH) in dogs, can migrate from the pulmonary arteries into the heart resulting in life-threatening caval syndrome (CS).ObjectivesTo describe clinical and echocardiographic characteristics in dogs with intracardiac heartworms including estimated heartworm burden and frequency of PH and pigmenturia.AnimalsSeventy-two client-owned dogs with heartworms.MethodsRetrospective study. Data collected from an electronic medical records search for dogs with intracardiac heartworms included clinicopathologic, echocardiographic, and procedural findings. Dogs with heartworms isolated to the pulmonary arteries were excluded.ResultsEstimated intracardiac heartworm burden was low in 14 of 72 (19%) and high in 58 of 72 (81%) dogs. The majority were small breed (54/72; 75%; 29/72; 40% Chihuahuas) and had a high likelihood of PH (67/72; 93%). Pigmenturia was the second most common clinical finding (31/72; 43%) after lethargy (32/72; 44%). Anemia (37/55; 36%), pigmenturia (30/58; 52%), and bilirubinuria (28/36; 78%) were significantly more common in dogs with a high worm burden (P <?.05). Based on the presence of anemia, pigmenturia, and clinical signs, 18 of 72 dogs (25%) were considered to have CS.Conclusions and clinical importanceAlthough the majority of dogs with intracardiac heartworms had a high worm burden and high likelihood of PH, only 25% had clinical evidence of CS. Echocardiography is a useful tool to identify intracardiac heartworms, detect likelihood of PH, and could be useful for staging heartworm positive small breed dogs for intracardiac heartworm migration.
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Project description:Sixty five patients who had undergone surgery for parotid tumours over a period of nine years were studied retrospectively. There were 45 males and 20 females. There were 49 benign and 16 malignant tumours. Age ranged 35-69 years; mean 47 years. Pain (6%) and facial palsy (3%) were unusual features. Size of tumour at presentation varied from 1.5 to 12 cm. Superficial parotidectomy was the commonest operation performed and Total/Radical/Extended parotidectomy was done in selected cases. Postoperative radiotherapy was used in six cases. No recurrences were noted following surgery for benign tumours. However a local recurrence rate of 37% was found for malignancies (6/16 cases). This paper aims to review the experience of managing these tumours in the setting of service hospitals.
| S-EPMC5531796 | biostudies-other
Project description:Mushroom like the growth of skin tumour is a rare phenomenon although described already in 1806 by Alibert, who focused on mycosis fungicides. We identified only four case reports in PUBMED database using the terms "mushroom-like growth" and "skin tumour". We analysed our files and identified three elderly female patients (69 to 94 years old). Histological diagnosis was melanoma, Merkel cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma. All tumours could be completely removed by wide excision or delayed Mohs surgery. No metastatic spread was noted.
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Project description:Actinobaculum species are anaerobic Gram-positive rods that have previously been associated with urinary tract infection (UTI) in the elderly. We report 12 patients with Actinobaculum bacteremia. Only 40% of blood cultures were clinically considered significant by the treating physicians, but most patients were treated for UTI, suggesting a possible urinary source of bacteremia. Clinicians should be aware of the pathogenic potential of Actinobaculum spp.
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Project description:This study identified a cytogenetic-molecular entity, we named BCL11B-R, that showed a typical constellation of genomic features, namely BCL11B activation via chromosome translocations at 14q32, a distinct transcriptome profile, and FLT3 mutations.
2021-09-05 | GSE162280 | GEO
Project description:Highlights•First in human experience: percutaneous mitral valve repair (PMVR) procedure guided by three-dimensional volume intracardiac echocardiography (ICE).•Volume ICE adds valuable information to two-dimensional ICE•Further improvements such as wider opening angle of the volume ICE probe are needed for routine use in PMVR.
| S-EPMC6034481 | biostudies-other
Project description:Background: Malignant odontogenic tumours (MOTs) arise either de novo from the tooth forming tissues, their developmental residues or from existing odontogenic epithelial or mesenchymal neoplasms in the jaws. Their management requires extensive surgery due to their infiltrative nature and risk of metastasis. There is a need to understand the clinical and pathological features of MOTs to inform both treatment algorithms and prognostication. This is an area of diagnostic pathology which presents substantial difficulties in diagnosis, compounded by inconsistent use of terminology. Thus, this systematic review aimed to describe the clinical and pathological features of MOTs with a view to consolidating the literature and defining problematic areas in diagnosis and classification. Methods: An electronic database search was conducted in Web of Science, PubMed/Medline, and Embase. Additionally, the grey literature and reference lists of selected papers searched for completeness. Nine hundred and sixty articles were initially identified. Following removal of duplicates and application of inclusion/exclusion criteria, 312 articles were included for qualitative analysis. Results: The 312 articles encompassed a total of 507 patients with most lesions located within the mandible (74.3%). The most common first histological diagnosis was ameloblastic carcinoma (25.7% of all diagnoses), but there is considerable variation in how and when various diagnostic terms are used, and several misdiagnoses were reported. An initial benign diagnosis was made in 24.7% of patients, followed by a later malignant diagnosis and in this sub-group, the most common benign first diagnosis was ameloblastoma (42.4%). Cervical lymph nodes were the most common site of metastasis (9.3% of patients). With respect to distant metastasis (DM), the lungs were the most common organ affected (11.2% of DM patients) with metastasising ameloblastoma the most commonly reported tumour which metastasised to the lungs. Overall, 26.8% of patients developed recurrence. Conclusion: Overall, the quality of the literature on MOTs is poor. This review of the literature has highlighted variations in diagnostic terms and criteria which has resulted in areas of confusion with potential for misdiagnosis. This consolidation of primary data has identified key areas for targeted research including further discussion on the malignant potential of ameloblastoma.
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