Primary Pouch of Douglas malignancies: A case series and review of the literature.
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Wong KY
PROVIDER: S-EPMC5537103 | biostudies-other | 2017 Aug
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other
Similar Datasets
Project description:BackgroundPrimary liver sarcomatoid carcinoma (PLSC) is rare. To improve the understanding of PLSC, cases were described and reviewing the literature.MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed on 14 cases of PLSC diagnosed by pathology in Northeastern China from 2010 to 2020. An individual participant data analysis based on reported cases was conducted to determine epidemiological characteristics, clinical characteristics, and prognoses of PLSC.ResultsA total of 136 cases involved our 14 cases and 122 cases from previous reports. The percentages of sarcomatoid hepatocellular carcinoma, sarcomatoid cholangiolocellular carcinoma, and mixed and unclassified types were 36.8%, 41.9%, 5.9%, and 15.4%, respectively. A total of 95.6% PLSC was found in Asia. There was a lower percentage of hepatitis-infected patients in Japan, when compared with the Republic of Korea (38.5% vs 70.0%, P<0.05). Five cases were initially misdiagnosed as a hepatic abscess by imaging. A total of 36.7% cases had metastases when being diagnosed, and 68.9% cases relapsed during the follow-up. The median disease-free survival and overall survival (OS) were 3 months and 5 months, respectively. Only radical surgery (hazard ratio = 0.308, 95% confidence interval 0.186-0.512, P<0.001) indicated a better OS.ConclusionPLSC was more prevalent in Asia and there were possibilities of misdiagnoses. Surgery is still an effective treatment and can significantly prolong the OS. Only limited strategies for recurrent or advanced PLSC, immunotherapy may be possible treatment.
| S-EPMC8434859 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Primary neuroendocrine carcinoma of the breast (NECB) as defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2012 is a rare, but possibly under-diagnosed entity. It is heterogeneous as it entails a wide spectrum of diseases comprising both well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors of the breast as well as highly aggressive small cell carcinomas. Retrospective screening of hospital charts of 612 patients (2008-2019) from our specialized outpatient unit for neuroendocrine neoplasia revealed five patients diagnosed with NECB. Given the low prevalence of these malignancies, correct diagnosis remains a challenge that requires an interdisciplinary approach. Specifically, NECB may be misclassified as carcinoma of the breast with neuroendocrine differentiation, carcinomas of the breast of no special type/invasive ductal carcinoma, or a metastasis to the breast. Therefore, this study presents multifaceted characteristics as well as the clinical course of these patients and discusses the five cases from our institution in the context of available literature.
| S-EPMC7140078 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is a rare, life-threatening autoimmune blistering disease with pruritus and tension blisters/bullous as the main clinical manifestations. Glucocorticosteroids are the main therapeutic agents for it, but their efficacy is poor in some patients. Tofacitinib, a small molecule agent that inhibits JAK1/3, has shown incredible efficacy in a wide range of autoimmune diseases and maybe a new valuable treatment option for refractory BP. To report a case of refractory BP successfully treated with tofacitinib, then explore the underlying mechanism behind the treatment, and finally review similarities to other cases reported in the literature. Case report and literature review of published cases of successful BP treatment with JAK inhibitors. The case report describes a 73-year-old male with refractory BP that was successfully managed with the combination therapy of tofacitinib and low-dose glucocorticoids for 28 weeks. Immunohistochemistry and RNA sequencing were performed to analyze the underlying mechanism of tofacitinib therapy. A systematic literature search was conducted to identify other cases of treatment with JAK inhibitors. Throughout the 28-week treatment period, the patient experienced clinical, autoantibody and histologic resolution. Immunohistochemical analysis showed tofacitinib significantly decreased the pSTAT3 and pSTAT6 levels in the skin lesions of this patient. RNA sequencing and immunohistochemical testing of lesion samples from other BP patients identified activation of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway. Literature review revealed 17 previously reported cases of BP treated with four kinds of JAK inhibitors successfully, including tofacitinib (10), baricitinib (1), upadacitinib (3) and abrocitinib (3). Our findings support the potential of tofacitinib as a safe and effective treatment option for BP. Larger studies are underway to better understand this efficacy and safety.
2024-11-13 | GSE278926 | GEO
Project description:There is an increasing trend in the number of bariatric surgeries performed worldwide, partly because bariatric surgery is the most effective treatment for morbid obesity. Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) remains the most common bariatric surgery procedure performed, representing more than 50% of all primary bariatric interventions. Major surgical complications of SG include staple-line bleeding, leaking, and stenosis. A leak along the staple-line most commonly occurs at the gastroesophageal junction (GOJ). From January 2018 to December 2018, our centre performed 226 bariatric procedures, of which, 97.8% were primary bariatric procedures. The mean age and BMI were 38.7±8.3 years and 44 kg/m2, respectively. Out of the 202 primary SG performed, we encountered two cases of a staple-line leak (0.99%). This is the first reported case series of SG leaks from the Southeast Asia region. A summary of their characteristics, clinical presentation, subsequent management, and the outcome is discussed. Based on the latest available evidence from the literature, several methods may decrease staple-line leaks in SG. These include the use of a bougie size greater than 40 Fr, routine use of methylene blue test during surgery, beginning transection at 2-6 cm from the pylorus, mobilising the fundus before transection, and staying away from the GOJ at the last firing. Other methods include the proper alignment of the staple-line, control of staple-line bleeding, and performing staple-line reinforcement. The management of a staple-line leak remains challenging due to limited systematic, evidence-based literature being available. Therefore, a tailored approach is needed to manage this complication.
| S-EPMC6614113 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Urethral mucosal prolapse is most frequently seen in children and postmenopausal women, and extremely rare in young adult patients. In this context, we aim to describe our experience with this condition and compare our findings with the literature. We reviewed the medical records of our outpatient micturition disorders clinic (between August 2014 and April 2017) for patients with a diagnosis of urethral mucosal prolapse, seeking to evaluate their demographic characteristics, presenting complaints, treatment, and outcomes. We found 12 cases of urethral mucosal prolapse, including a mother and daughter and a reproductive-aged patient. Presenting symptoms included bleeding, urinary retention, partially thrombosed mucosa, and pain. Misdiagnosis was common and caused treatment delay, even in some very symptomatic patients. Urethral mucosal prolapse is a readily diagnosed condition and often associated with complications in our series. Proper diagnosis is key to successful, timely treatment. Descriptive studies such as this are important to raise awareness of this diagnosis and improve patient care.
| S-EPMC7109233 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundSyphilis infections are increasing globally. Lower gastrointestinal syphilis (LGIS) is a rare manifestation of early syphilis transmitted through anal sexual contact. Misdiagnosis of LGIS as inflammatory bowel disease may result from clinician underawareness.MethodsWe searched the literature for articles describing cases of LGIS, and identified additional cases diagnosed within our institution. Data were extracted from the articles and medical records and analyzed to provide a summative account.ResultsFifty-four cases of LGIS were identified in 39 articles published between 1958 and 2020. Eight additional cases were diagnosed at our institution between 2011 and 2020, totaling 62 cases. All cases were described in men and transwomen aged 15-73 years. Fifty (93%) individuals reported having sex with men. In 26 cases (52%), the individuals were human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coinfected. LGIS presented most commonly with hematochezia (67%) and anal pain (46%). The most common physical examination findings were rectal mass (38%), lymphadenopathy (31%), and rash (26%). Nontreponemal titers ranged from 1:2 to 1:1024. Of the 52 cases in which endoscopy was reported, 22 (42%) showed anorectal mass and 18 (35%) showed anorectal ulcer. In 44 cases (75%), histopathology revealed a chronic inflammatory infiltrate with a prominent lymphocyte component (45%) and/or plasma cells (36%). Seventy-eight percent of specimens to which a tissue stain was applied were positive for spirochetes.ConclusionsLGIS should be suspected in men and transwomen presenting with a lower gastrointestinal symptom or mucosal abnormality. A sexual history must be elicited and guide testing. Misdiagnosis can delay treatment and threatens patient and public health.
| S-EPMC8494075 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundGlobally, schistosomiasis affects at least 240 million people each year with a high proportion of cases in sub-Saharan Africa. The infection presents a wide range of symptoms mainly at the gastrointestinal and urogenital level. Cases of schistosomiasis-related appendicitis are seldom reported. The aim of the present study is to identify the prevalence of schistosomiasis-related appendicitis in Beira, Mozambique and compare to global prevalence.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed all cases of appendicitis recorded from January 2017 to March 2020 at a single pathology department located in Beira in order to assess the prevalence of schistosomiasis. Moreover, we performed a systematic review on the prevalence of schistosomiasis-related appendicitis in all countries.FindingsA total of 145 appendicitis cases in Beira showed a 13.1% prevalence of schistosomal-related appendicitis. The mean age of patients was 29.1 years, and 14 (73.7%) were male. The systematic review identified 20 studies with 34,790 inpatients with schistosomiasis-related appendicitis with a global prevalence of 1.31% (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.72 to 2.06); a high heterogeneity (I2 = 96.0%) was observed. Studies carried out in Africa reported a significantly higher prevalence of schistosomiasis-related appendicitis (2.75%; 95% CI: 1.28 to 4.68) than those in Middle East (0.49%; 95% CI: 0.18 to 0.95) (p for interaction < 0.0001).ConclusionsSchistosomiasis infection should be considered as possible cause of appendicitis not only in endemic areas but also in developed countries. Considering that prevention is the best way to control the infection, more efforts should be put in place in order to increase the prevention coverage and avoid the cascading implications for health. This is even more so important in this Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) era where the majority of attention and funds are used to fight the pandemic.
| S-EPMC8224979 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background Pleomorphic adenoma (PA) is the most frequent benign salivary gland tumor, but a lip PA is rare. Although this tumor may be definitively diagnosed by imaging or a tissue biopsy if it is reasonably large, PAs on the lip are relatively small, and they present findings that are similar to those of other lip lesions, which can make a preoperative diagnosis difficult. Methods We analyzed all PAs in the oral region and lesions on the lips treated in our department over the past 20 years, and we discuss them together with the relevant literature. Results We found that 11.8% (n=6) of the PAs occurred on a lip (upper lip: 9.8%, lower lip: 2.0%), and ~1% of all mass lesions of the lips were PAs. The average size of the lip PAs was 1.5±0.7 cm (range, 0.7–2.2 cm). For preoperative diagnostic assistance, ultrasonography (US) (n=4), magnetic resonance (MR) (n=3), or no imaging (n=2) was used. An excisional biopsy was performed in all cases, and to date, no recurrence or malignant transformation has been observed. Conclusions Lip PA is relatively rare. Because almost all of these lesions are small, a preoperative diagnosis is more difficult compared to palatal lesions. This tumor is also prone to long-term neglect and has the potential for recurrence and malignant transformation. It is thus necessary to perform an excision that includes the capsule and surrounding tissues, and careful postoperative follow-up should be continued.
| S-EPMC9638788 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Bronchogenic cysts are congenital malformations caused by aberrant foregut budding. They major occur in the thorax, with subdiaphragmatic cases being uncommon. Here, we present a series of 19 patients diagnosed with subdiaphragmatic bronchogenic cysts histopathologically at a single institution in China from 2012 to 2021. A literature review was also conducted by searching the PubMed database using keywords related to "bronchogenic cysts" and "subdiaphragmatic," yielding 107 cases. Taken together, the 126 cases had a median age of 41.0 years (interquartile range, 30.0-51.0 years) and 62 of them were male (49.2%). The cysts were most commonly detected in the left adrenal region (36.2%), followed by the pancreatic region (11.5%) and gastric cardia/lesser curvature of the stomach (9.2%). All patients except two underwent surgery for a definite diagnosis, symptom alleviation, and (or) malignancy prevention. Most patients recovered fast and were discharged from the hospital within 1 week after surgery, and the surgical complications were infrequent. The prognosis was generally favorable, as no recurrence was reported during the follow-up as long as 77 months.
| S-EPMC9581013 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BACKGROUND:To report three cases of nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) endophthalmitis following multiple ocular surgeries and to review previous literature in order to study the clinical profile, treatment modalities, and visual outcomes among patients with NTM endophthalmitis. METHODS:Clinical manifestation and management of patients with NTM endophthalmitis in the Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand were described. In addition, a review of previously reported cases and case series from MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CENTRAL was performed. The clinical information and type of NTM from the previous studies and our cases were summarized. RESULTS:We reported three cases of NTM endophthalmitis caused by M. haemophilum, M. fortuitum and M. abscessus and a summarized review of 112 additional cases previously published. Of 115 patients, there were 101 exogenous endophthalmitis (87.8%) and 14 endogenous endophthalmitis (12.2%). The patients' age ranged from 13 to 89?years with mean of 60.5?±?17.7?years with no gender predominance. Exogenous endophthalmitis occurred in both healthy and immunocompromised hosts, mainly caused by cataract surgery (67.3%). In contrast, almost all endogenous endophthalmitis patients were immunocompromised. Among all patients, previous history of tuberculosis infection was identified in 4 cases (3.5%). Rapid growing NTMs were responsible for exogenous endophthalmitis, while endogenous endophthalmitis were commonly caused by slow growers. Treatment regimens consisted of macrolides, fluoroquinolones or aminoglycosides, which were continued for up to 12?months. Initial and final vision were generally worse than 6/60. CONCLUSIONS:NTM endophthalmitis is a serious intraocular infection that leads to irreversible loss of vision. The presentation can mimic a chronic recurrent or persistent intraocular inflammation. History of multiple intraocular surgeries or immune-deficiency in patient with chronic panuveitis should raise the practioner's suspicion of NTM endophthalmitis. Appropriate diagnosis and treatment are important to optimize visual outcome.
| S-EPMC7685667 | biostudies-literature