Appropriate Weaning Practice and Associated Factors among Infants and Young Children in Northwest Ethiopia.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Bewket Zeleke L
PROVIDER: S-EPMC5541784 | biostudies-other | 2017
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other
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Project description:Background:Dietary diversity is defined as the number of food groups or items consumed over a reference period, and usually, it is a problem in developing countries including Ethiopia. Inadequate dietary diversity is one of a major public health problem and can result in physical, emotional, and psychological changes among adolescents. However, studies on dietary diversity among school children were very limited. Hence, this study aimed at determining dietary diversity practices and factors among adolescents in Dembia district. Methods:A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March 1 to April 15, 2017, at Dembia district, northwest Ethiopia. A total of 474 study subjects were selected using the multi-stage sampling technique. A structured and pre-tested questionnaire was used to collect the data. Dietary diversity was measured through standard tool adopted from Food and Nutrition Technical Assistance (FANTA) 2016 using the 24-h recall method. A multivariable binary logistic regression model was employed to identify factors associated with a diversified diet. Result:This study illustrated that 32.3% (95% CI 27.9-36.8) of the adolescents had adequate dietary diversity. Inadequate dietary diversity was significantly associated with being Muslim (AOR = 0.3; 95% CI 0.1-0.7), self-employment (AOR = 0.3; 95% CI 0.1-0.9), middle (AOR = 0.5; 95% CI 0.3-0.8) and high wealth category (AOR = 0.3; 95% CI 0.2-0.6), and underweight (AOR = 3.5; 95% CI 1.3-9.5). Conclusion:The findings of this study showed that only one-third of adolescent girls have adequate dietary diversity. Low level of dietary diversification suggested points to the need for strengthening efforts targeting to improve the healthy dietary practice of adolescents by giving due attention to poor households and undernourished adolescents.
| S-EPMC7547502 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to assess food handling practice and associated factors among food handlers in public food establishments, Northwest Ethiopia.ResultsIn this study a total of 416 food handlers were participated with a response rate of 416 (98.6%). Proportion of good food handling practice was 167 (40.1%) [95% CI (confidence interval): 35.10, 44.50]. Work experience [AOR (adjusted odds ratio):1.95, 95% CI 1.11, 3.45], good attitude (AOR = 1.97, 95% CI = 1.04, 3.72), secondary school education level (AOR 2.91, CI 1.20, 7.01), diploma and above education level (AOR 4.33, 95% CI 1.41, 13.31), use of three compartment dish-washing system (AOR 2.47, CI 1.27, 4.80) and use of refrigerator (AOR 3.93, CI 1.79, 8.63) were factors statistically associated with good food handling practice. This study indicated that food handling practice was relatively poor. Work experience, good attitude, level of education, use of three compartment dishwashing systems and refrigerator were factors associated with food handling practice. Hence, structuring the kitchen with modern dish washing system and refrigerator would enhance good food handling practice.
| S-EPMC6332519 | biostudies-literature
Project description:PurposeHandwashing is a single most preventive measure for reducing the spread of contagious diseases. Mothers serve as the children's nurses and poor practice of simple hygiene increases the risk of the spread of diseases to under-5 children.ObjectiveThis study aimed at investigating the proportion of handwashing practice at critical times and associated factors among mothers of under-5 children in Kolladiba town, Northwest Ethiopia.Design, setting, participants and outcome measuresA community-based cross-sectional study design was carried out from 20 February 2020 to 12 March 2020, in Kolladiba town. A total of 334 mothers participated in this study. The study participants were selected using a systematic random sampling technique. Bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression was employed. A p<0.05 was used to declare statically significant variables.ResultsThe proportion of good handwashing practice among mothers at critical times was 51.2% (95% CI 45.8% to 56.5%). In the multivariable binary logistic regression analysis, mothers who attained college and above (adjusted OR, AOR 4.93, 95% CI 1.28 to 19), knowledge of handwashing (AOR 1.26, 95% CI 1.11 to 1.42), husband working in governmental organisation (AOR 0.17, 95% CI 0.04 to 0.76), husband working at private organisation (AOR 0.16, 95% CI 0.04 to 0.75), mercantile husbands (AOR 0.09, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.37), tap water supply (AOR 0.26, 95% CI 0.07 to 0.93) and handwashing facility adjacent to latrine (AOR 6.17, 95% CI 2.02 to 18.8) were significant factors.ConclusionHandwashing practice in kolladiba town among mothers at critical times was found to be low. Higher educational status, knowledge about handwashing practice and availability of handwashing facilities near the latrine, tap water source and husband occupation were significant factors. Thus, health awareness shall be given on the importance of handwashing practice with a due emphasis on mothers who do not attain higher education, with lower knowledge, who have tap water, working husbands and who do not have handwashing facilities near the latrine.
| S-EPMC9214406 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundThe burden of communicable diseases within developing countries is mainly influenced by poor personal hygiene practices. Hand washing is considered as most cost effective intervention for reducing health problems such as diarrhoea and acute respiratory tract infections. This study aimed to assess hand washing practice at critical times and identify associated factors among mothers of under five children in Debark town.MethodA community based cross-sectional study design was carried out from May 1-20, 2018 in Debark town. After selection of participants using simple random sampling, face to face interview was performed by using semi-structured pre-tested questionnaire. Data were entered into EPI Info 7 and exported into SPSS 21 for further analysis. Results were presented by simple frequency, percentage and mean for descriptive variables. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to test the association of dependent and independent factors. Variables with 95% confidence interval and p ≤ 0.2 during the univariable binary logistic regression analysis were included in the multivariate logistic regression analysis. At the final model variables with p ≤ 0.05 were treated as significantly associated factors of hand washing practice at critical times.ResultsGood hand washing practice at critical times was reported in 52.2% (95% CI: 47.5, 57.2%) of study participants. Desirable attitude [AOR = 3.37, 95% CI (2.03, 5.58)], presence of water for washing hands [AOR = 4.86, 95% CI (1.26, 18.69)] and a good knowledge [AOR = 2.98, 95% CI (1.92, 4.60)] were significantly associated factors with hand washing practice at critical times.ConclusionThe hand washing practice at critical times of study participants was found to be low. A significant proportion of mothers of under five children have a poor hand washing practice at critical times. It is necessary to increase the access to water and to improve knowledge and attitude of mothers to improve their hand washing practice at critical times.
| S-EPMC6743165 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundBirth-preparedness and complication readiness is a comprehensive strategy aimed at promoting the timely utilization of skilled maternal and neonatal health care. Pregnancy-related complications both on the mother and the newborn could be largely alleviated if there is a well-consolidated birth preparedness and complication readiness plan developed during pregnancy and implemented at the time of delivery.ObjectiveTo determine the prevalence of birth preparedness and complication readiness practice (BPCR) and associated factors among pregnant women in North Gondar Zone, Northwest Ethiopia, 2018.MethodsA community based cross-sectional study was conducted among pregnant women in North Gondar Zone from March 2017 to February 2018. A multistage clustered sampling technique was used to enroll a total of 1620 participants. The data were collected by face to face interviews using pretested and semi-structured questionnaires at baseline and following delivery. The data were entered using EPI-data version 3.1 and analyzed using STATA version 14 software. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression model was fitted to assess factors with BPCR practice. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence interval was used to determine the association between covariates and the outcome variable.ResultsFrom a total of 1620 pregnant women only 1523 (94.0%) mothers were followed at the end line. The prevalence of BPCR plan during pregnancy was 66.1% [95% CI: 63.8, 68.5] and the practice at the time of delivery was 73.5% [95% CI 71.3, 75.7]. Of the total respondents who mentioned having a BPCR plan, 76.4% practiced at the time of delivery. Frequency of ANC visits [AOR = 1.97; 95% CI: 1.67, 2.32], larger number of family in the household [AOR = 1.14; 95%CI: 1.00, 1.30], highest wealth asset [AOR = 1.87; 95%CI: 1.16, 3.01], Multigravidity [AOR = 0.30; 95% CI: 0.15, 0.62], husband involvement in decision making [AOR = 2.2; 95% CI: 1.25, 3.82], counseled on BPCR [AOR = 2.35; 95% CI: 1.51, 3.68], were found to be significantly associated with BPCR practice.ConclusionBPCR practice at the time of delivery was higher than previous studies conducted in the country. However, BPCR practice was found to be lower than the standard that every woman should practice the plan at the time of delivery. Intersectoral collaborative interventions required to improve the economic status and living standard of families in the community as well as various awareness creation strategies should be implemented to support women to attend ANC follow-up visits.
| S-EPMC8061992 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundThe planet's population is aging at an incredible speed. Poor dietary practices are a major problem among the elderly. However, literature is scarce on dietary practices among elders in the study area. Therefore, the results of this study may give information to decision-makers.ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess dietary practices and associated factors among elderly people in Northwest Ethiopia, in 2022.MethodsA community-based mixed study design was employed among elderly people from May 20 to July 2, 2022. Systematic random sampling and purposive sampling techniques were used for selecting study participants in quantitative and qualitative studies, respectively. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered structured questionnaire for the quantitative part and an interview guide for the qualitative part. Binary logistic regression analysis was used. A P-value less than or equal to 0.05 was used to declare statistically significant variables. A crude odds ratio and an adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval were used to measure the strength of the association. Thematic analysis was used for qualitative data analysis.ResultsA total of 422 participants were recruited for the study. Twenty-six in-depth interviews were done. The prevalence of adequate dietary practice was only 54.5% [95% CI: (49.8, 59.2)]. It was significantly associated with being aged between 65 to 74 years (AOR: 8.32; 95 CI: 3.9, 18.1), being aged between 75 to 84 years (AOR: 2.90; 95% CI: 1.1, 7.9), eating sometimes alone (AOR: 1.86; 95% CI: 1.03, 3.4), eating always with family members (AOR: 4.96; 95% CI: 2.6, 9.4), and food security (AOR: 3.13; 95% CI: 1.8, 5.4). Thematic analysis revealed three themes that interfere with the dietary practices of elders. A majority of in-depth interviewees mentioned that there were taboos and cultural beliefs which favor inadequate dietary practices of the elderly; the study participants reported that individual, economic, societal, and physiological factors are barriers affecting the dietary practices of the elderly, and all respondents have no experiences regarding elderly dietary practices.ConclusionThe prevalence of adequate dietary practice was low. It was significantly associated with age, with whom feeding, and household food security status. Taboos and cultural beliefs, barriers, and experiences hampered the dietary practices of elders. Therefore, improving the dietary practices of elders focusing on advanced age, loneliness, food security, taboos, cultural beliefs, barriers, and experiences regarding dietary practices should be done.
| S-EPMC11349100 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundImproper breastfeeding practices significantly impair the health, development, and survival of infants, children, and mothers. A Breastfeeding Performance Index (BPI) is a composite index to describe overall maternal breastfeeding practice with infants under six months of age. To date, there is insufficient evidence on breastfeeding performance index and its associated factors in Ethiopia.ObjectiveTo assess the breastfeeding performance index and its associated factors in Sekela District, Northwest Ethiopia, 2019.MethodsA community-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 605 randomly selected mothers having infants aged 6 to 12 months from April 02, 2019 to May 13, 2019. Data was collected using a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire. Multivariable logistic regressions were used to identify independent predictors of BPI.ResultsTwo hundred forty-six (40.7%) of mothers had low BPI scores. Mothers who lived alone (AOR = 3.18; 95%CI: 1.15, 8.82), mothers who were merchants (AOR = 2.75; 95%CI:1.05, 7.15), attended three antenatal care (ANC) visits (AOR = 0.42; 95% CI: 0.20, 0.82), attended four antenatal care visits (AOR = 0.35; 95%CI: 0.12, 0.82), received postnatal care (PNC) (AOR = 0.35; 95%CI: 0.19, 0.64), had poor knowledge on breastfeeding (AOR = 3.19;95%CI: 1.14, 8.89) or negative attitudes towards breastfeeding (AOR = 2.70;95%CI: 1.13, 6.45), were independent predictors of low BPI scores.ConclusionsThe prevalence of sub-optimal breastfeeding practice in northwest Ethiopia was very high. A mother living alone, maternal occupation, ANC visits, PNC, maternal breastfeeding knowledge, and attitude towards breastfeeding were independent predictors of low BPI scores. Nutrition promotion should be implemented by considering the above significant factors to decrease inappropriate breastfeeding practice in Northwest Ethiopia.
| S-EPMC7605653 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BACKGROUND:Time management practice can facilitate productivity and success, contributing to work effectiveness, maintaining balance and job satisfaction. Thus, this study aimed to assess time management practices and associated factors among employees of primary hospitals in north Gondar. METHODS:An Institutional based cross-sectional study among primary hospital employees in north Gondar was conducted from March to April 2018. A structured and pre-tested questionnaire was used to collect the data. Simple random sampling technique was utilized to select 422 employees. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression model were done to identify factors associated with time management practice. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was ascertained to show the strength and direction of association. RESULT:In this study, the prevalence of time management practice was 56.4% (95%CI: 49.3, 61.7). Being satisfied with organizational policies (AOR = 2.16; 95%CI: 1.02-4.68), performance appraisals (AOR: 2.11; 95%CI: 1.32-4.66), compensation and benefits (AOR: 4.18; 95%CI: 2.18-7.99), and planning (AOR: 2.86; 95% CI: 1.42-5.75) were statistically significant factors associated with time management practice. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION:The overall time management practice among the primary hospital employees was low. Planning, organizational policy, compensation and benefit, performance appraisal, and residence were factors significantly associated with hospital employee's time management practice. Thus managers and employees need to carry out interventions on significant factors to improve the employees' time management practice.
| S-EPMC6968858 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundMyopia is the leading cause of correctable visual impairment and preventable blindness worldwide. Genetic and environmental factors contribute to the development of myopia. Myopia is appearing with greater prevalence in young children.ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of myopia among school children in Bahir Dar city, Northwest Ethiopia, 2019.Methods and materialsA school-based cross-sectional study was conducted among school children of 6 to 18 years of age in Bahir Dar city from October to November 2019. A pretested interviewer-administered structured questionnaire was used to collect data among 634 participants using a multi-stage sampling technique from primary and secondary schools. Cycloplegic refraction was performed by optometrists for each student with 1% cyclopentolate eye drop, and subjective refraction was carried out to determine the final prescription of the students. Myopia was defined as spherical equivalent refractive error of ≥ 0.5 diopter in either eye. Data were entered into Epi Info version 7 and exported to Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 23 for analysis. Tables, frequency, and mean were used for descriptive statistics. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were done to identify risk factors of myopia. Odds ratio with 95% confidence level was determined and variables with p-value of < 0.05 were considered as statistically significant.ResultsAmong a total of 601 study participants, 51 (8.49%) were myopic. Age group of 10-13 years (AOR = 6.54: 95% CI = 5.56-10.86), 14-18 years (AOR = 6.32: 95% CI = 5.32-9.69), 2-4 hour per day mobile exposure (AOR = 3.69: 95% CI = 1.63-8.38), > 4 hour per day mobile exposure (AOR = 11.6: 95% CI = 4.41-30.42), near working distance of < 33 centimeter (AOR = 6.89: 95% CI = 2.71-17.56) and outdoor activity (AOR = 3.94: 95% CI = 1.87-8.31) were significantly associated with myopia.ConclusionsThe prevalence of myopia was high among school children in Bahir Dar city. Older age, longer duration of mobile exposure, shorter near working distance were the risk factors for the development of myopia whereas having outdoor activity was the protective factor.
| S-EPMC7984635 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundHealthcare-associated infections are a major global public health agenda. Health care workers are front line of protecting themselves and clients from infection. This study examined the knowledge and practice of healthcare workers on infection prevention and its associated factors among health professionals working at Debre Markos Referral Hospital.MethodsA Hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted with a structured pre-tested questionnaire among 150 participants. The healthcare workers were selected through systematic random sampling technique. Multivariate logistic regressions were computed to identify associated factors of knowledge and practice of infection prevention and variables with a p-value < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.ResultsMore than two thirds (84.7%) of healthcare workers were found to be knowledgeable but only 86 (57.3%) of respondents demonstrated a good practice on infection prevention. Older age, lengthy work experience and higher educational status were significantly associated with both knowledge and practice of infection prevention. In-service training, availability of infection prevention supplies and adherence to infection prevention guidelines was also associated with the practice of infection prevention.ConclusionsThe finding of this study revealed a good knowledge of infection prevention on the majority of participants with relatively minimal practice rate. Sociodemographic factors and health facility factors were associated with knowledge and practice of infection prevention. Hospitals and other concerned stakeholders should ensure constant availability of guidelines and the provision of training to health providers. Moreover, developing professionals' educational level, introducing infection prevention standard of practice and continuous mentorship was recommended.
| S-EPMC6006704 | biostudies-literature