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Population-based prevalence, incidence, and disease burden of autoimmune hepatitis in South Korea.

ABSTRACT: Little is known about population-based epidemiology and disease burden of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence, incidence, comorbidity and direct medical cost of AIH in South Korea.The data was from the nationwide, population-based National Health Insurance Service claims database and the Rare Intractable Disease registration program. Age and gender-specific prevalence rates were calculated, and data on comorbidity, diagnostic tests, prescribed drugs, and medical costs were retrieved for patients registered under the disease code K75.4 (AIH) from 2009 to 2013.A total of 4,085 patients with AIH were identified between 2009 and 2013 with a female-to-male ratio of 6.4. The age-adjusted prevalence rate was 4.82/100,000 persons and gender adjusted prevalence rates were 8.35 in females and 1.30 in males. The age-adjusted calculated incidence rate was 1.07/100,000 persons (gender-adjusted 1.83 in females and 0.31 in males). Ascites, variceal bleeding, and hepatocellular carcinoma were found in 1.4%, 1.3%, and 2.2% of the patients, respectively. Forty-six patients (1.1%) underwent liver transplantation during the study period. Case-fatality was 2.18%. Corticosteroid and azathioprine were prescribed in 44.1% and 38.0% of prevalent patients with AIH in 2013, respectively. The nationwide total direct medical cost was less than 4.0 million USD, and the average cost for each patient was 1,174 USD in 2013.This is the first report on the nationwide epidemiology of AIH in Korea, and it showed a lower prevalence than that of Western countries with considerable disease burden.

SUBMITTER: Kim BH

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5542613 | biostudies-other | 2017

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Project description:BackgroundAtherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is the leading cause of death in Korea. According to a report of published by Statistics Korea in 2014, cerebrovascular disease and cardiovascular disease were the major/leading causes of mortality. However, it is more difficult to identify prevalence and incidence of a disease than the mortality owing to the lack of national-level statistics. Few studies have examined the prevalence and incidence of ASCVD and its risk factors since 2012. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and incidence of ASCVD and its risk factors in Korea using national claims data.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis using the national claims data of the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service. Patients aged ≥18 years with ASCVD (defined as myocardial infarction, angina, coronary revascularization, peripheral artery disease, ischemic stroke, and transient ischemic attack) were identified between January 1, 2014 and December 31, 2015. Patients at high risk for ASCVD (defined as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia without ASCVD during the baseline period) were identified between January 1, 2015 and December 31, 2015. We estimated the prevalence, cumulative incidence, and incidence density. These were further stratified by age and sex. The respective denominators for prevalence and incidence were the census population and the at-risk population (defined as the population without respective disease 1 year prior to the respective disease identification).ResultsAmong the included Korean adult patients, the overall prevalence of clinical ASCVD per 1000 individuals was 98.25 in 2014 and 101.11 in 2015. The respective cumulative incidence and incidence density rates of ASCVD per 1000 individuals were 65.30 and 68.03 in 2014, and 67.05 and 69.94 in 2015, respectively. Peripheral artery disease seemed to drive the increase in the total prevalence and incidence of ASCVD. The prevalence and incidence of ASCVD continued to increase with age until 79 years.ConclusionsThis national population-based study confirmed the high prevalence and incidence of ASCVD and its risk factors in the adult population of South Korea. We suggest that more intensive treatment and prevention are needed to prevent ASCVD.

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Population-based prevalence, incidence, and disease burden of autoimmune hepatitis in South Korea.

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