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Application of PMMA bone cement composited with bone-mineralized collagen in percutaneous kyphoplasty.

ABSTRACT: We investigated the feasibility of applying polymethylmethacrylate bone cement composited with biomimetic bone-mineralizsed collagen to percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP). We performed PKP in 95 patients diagnosed with osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture. All patients had fractures of a single vertebral body, and they were divided randomly into control (group A, 47 patients) and experimental (group B, 48 patients) groups. Patients in group A were treated with acrylic cement, and those in group B were treated with acrylic cement composited with the bone graft material. All patients were evaluated by a visual analogue scale (VAS), Oswestry disability index (ODI), Cobb angle and anterior vertebral body height preoperatively, and 3 days and 3 months postoperatively. All patients successfully completed surgery and were followed up thereafter. The VAS score, ODI index, Cobb angle and anterior vertebral body height compression rate in both groups had significant changes (P < 0.05) preoperatively, and at 3 days and 3 months postoperatively. There was no significant difference between the two groups at different times (P > 0.05). The analgesic effects of bone cement composited with bone-mineralized collagen are similar to those of bone cement only. Mineralized collagen has excellent promotion prospects by inducing new bone formation and reducing the incidence of adverse reactions caused by bone cement.

SUBMITTER: Bai M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5544907 | biostudies-other | 2017 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Project description:Implant osteoinduction and subsequent osteogenic activity are critical events that need improvement for regenerative healing of large craniofacial bone defects. Here we describe the augmentation of the mineral content of a class of mineralized collagen scaffolds under development for craniomaxillofacial bone regeneration via the inclusion of zinc ions to promote osteogenesis in vitro. Zinc is an essential trace element in skeletal tissue and bone, with soluble zinc being shown to promote osteogenic differentiation of porcine adipose derived stem cells. We report the development of a new class of zinc functionalized scaffolds fabricated by adding zinc sulfate to a mineralized collagen-glycosaminoglycan precursor suspension that was then freeze dried to form a porous biomaterial. We report analysis of zinc functionalized scaffolds via imaging (scanning electron microscopy), mechanical testing (compression), and compositional (X-ray diffraction, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry) analyses. Notably, zinc-functionalized scaffolds display morphological changes to the mineral phase and altered elastic modulus without substantially altering the composition of the brushite phase or removing the micro-scale pore morphology of the scaffold. These scaffolds also display zinc release kinetics on the order of days to weeks and promote successful growth and pro-osteogenic capacity of porcine adipose derived stem cells cultured within these zinc scaffolds. Taken together, we believe that zinc functionalized scaffolds provide a unique platform to explore strategies to improve in vivo osteogenesis in craniomaxillofacial bone injuries models. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Craniomaxillofacial bone defects that arise from traumatic, congenital, and post-oncologic origins cannot heal on their own and often require surgical intervention. We have developed a class of mineralized collagen scaffolds that promotes osteogenesis and bone regeneration. Here we describe the inclusion of zinc sulfate into the mineralized collagen scaffold to improve osteogenesis. Zinc functionalized scaffolds demonstrate altered crystallite microstructure but consistent Brushite chemistry, improved mechanics, and promote zinc transporter expression while supporting stem cell viability, osteogenic differentiation, and mineral biosynthesis.

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Application of PMMA bone cement composited with bone-mineralized collagen in percutaneous kyphoplasty.

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