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A novel akermanite/poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) porous composite scaffold fabricated via a solvent casting-particulate leaching method improved by solvent self-proliferating process.

ABSTRACT: Desirable scaffolds for tissue engineering should be biodegradable carriers to supply suitable microenvironments mimicked the extracellular matrices for desired cellular interactions and to provide supports for the formation of new tissues. In this work, a kind of slightly soluble bioactive ceramic akermanite (AKT) powders were aboratively selected and introduced in the PLGA matrix, a novel l-lactide modified AKT/poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (m-AKT/PLGA) composite scaffold was fabricated via a solvent casting-particulate leaching method improved by solvent self-proliferating process. The effects of m-AKT contents on properties of composite scaffolds and on MC3T3-E1 cellular behaviors in vitro have been primarily investigated. The fabricated scaffolds exhibited three-dimensional porous networks, in which homogenously distributed cavities in size of 300-400 μm were interconnected by some smaller holes in a size of 100-200 μm. Meanwhile, the mechanical structure of scaffolds was reinforced by the introduction of m-AKT. Moreover, alkaline ionic products released by m-AKT could neutralize the acidic degradation products of PLGA, and the apatite-mineralization ability of scaffolds could be largely improved. More valuably, significant promotions on adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation of MC3T3-E1 have been observed, which implied the calcium, magnesium and especially silidous ions released sustainably from composite scaffolds could regulate the behaviors of osteogenesis-related cells.

SUBMITTER: Deng Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5544913 | biostudies-other | 2017 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Project description:As a new strategy for improved urinary drainage, in parallel to the potential for additional functions such as drug release and self-removal, highly porous chitosan stents are manufactured by radial, bi-directional freeze-casting. Inserting the porous stent in to a silicone tube to emulate its placement in the ureter shows that it is shape conforming and remains safely positioned in place, also during flow tests, including those performed in a peristaltic pump. Cyclic compression tests on fully-hydrated porous stents reveal high stent resilience and close to full elastic recovery upon unloading. The drainage performance of the chitosan stent is evaluated, using effective viscosity in addition to volumetric flow and flux; the porous stent's performance is compared to that of the straight portion of a commercial 8 Fr double-J stent which possesses, in its otherwise solid tube wall, regularly spaced holes along its length. Both the porous and the 8 Fr stent show higher effective viscosities, when tested in the silicone tube. The performance of the porous stent improves considerably more (47.5%) than that of the 8 Fr stent (30.6%) upon removal from the tube, illustrating the effectiveness of the radially aligned porosity for drainage. We conclude that the newly-developed porous chitosan ureteral stent merits further in vitro and in vivo assessment of its promise as an alternative and complement to currently available medical devices. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: No papers, to date, report on porous ureteral stents, which we propose as a new strategy for improved urinary drainage. The highly porous chitosan stents of our study are manufactured by radial, bi-directional freeze casting. Cyclic compression tests on fully-hydrated porous stents revealed high stent resilience and close to full recovery upon unloading. The drainage performance of the chitosan is evaluated, using effective viscosity in addition to volumetric flow and flux, and compared to that of the straight portion of a commercial 8 Fr double-J stent. The performance of the porous stent improves considerably more (47.5%) than that of the 8 Fr stent (30.6%) upon removal from the tube, illustrating the effectiveness of the radially aligned porosity for drainage. While further studies are required to explore other potential benefits of the porous stent design such as antimicrobial behavior, drug release, and biodegradability, we conclude that the newly-developed porous chitosan ureteral stent has considerable potential as a medical device.

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A novel akermanite/poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) porous composite scaffold fabricated via a solvent casting-particulate leaching method improved by solvent self-proliferating process.

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