Browse
Submit Data
Databases
API
Help

Dataset Information

0 Views

0 Connections

0 Citations

0 Reanalyses

0 Downloads

Omics score: 0

Pulmonary Cryptococcosis Presenting With Lung Mass: Report of 7 Cases and Review of Literature.

ABSTRACT: Pulmonary cryptococcosis is commonly found in immunocompromised patients. This microorganism rarely infects immunocompetent individuals, and when it does, it causes mild symptoms. The radiological findings of this disease may involve an intrapulmonary mass that mimics lung tumor. The objective of this study was to review the clinicopathological information, radiological findings, and treatment of patients who presented with intrapulmonary mass due to cryptococcosis. This study collected data from 7 patients who were treated at Songklanagarind Hospital, Songkhla, Thailand, between 2009 and 2014. Their clinical data, radiological findings, pathological results, and treatment protocols were reviewed. The patients were 2 women and 5 men, ranging in age from 37 to 79 years old. One case was an immunocompromised host. Four cases experienced the chest symptoms of dyspnea, hemoptysis, and chronic cough. The most common location of mass was the left lower lobe (71%). Four cases had a history of bird contact. Lung lobectomy was performed in 3 cases (42%), and all of the patients were treated with oral fluconazole. An intrapulmonary mass caused by this microorganism is mainly found in immunocompetent patients. Treatment with the antifungal drug fluconazole is very effective.

SUBMITTER: Kanjanapradit K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5546643 | biostudies-other | 2017

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

ACCESS DATA

Json Xml

Similar Datasets

Tuberculosis in children presenting with chylothorax - Report of two cases and review of the literature.

Project description:One third of the world's population is estimated to be infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculosis (TB) is endemic in many sub-Saharan African counties. The burden is further made worse by the HIV scourge. The number of children with TB and its attendant complications, is equally on the rise. TB can mimic many diseases ranging from infections to malignancies. Among pleuro-pulmonary TB complications, exudative effusion is more common while chylothorax is rare and thus easily missed especially if not the classical milky appearance. We present two children from a TB endemic region, with microbiologically-confirmed TB presenting with chylothoraces that were initially misdiagnosed as pleural empyema. Tuberculosis in children presenting as chylothorax is uncommon. These cases are instructive as they bring to the fore the importance of a full investigation of pleural effusions in children, to ensure a correct diagnosis and prompt effective management.

| S-EPMC6479155 | biostudies-literature

Synovial sarcoma presenting with huge mediastinal mass: a case report and review of literature.

Project description:BackgroundSynovial sarcoma presenting in the mediastinum is exceedingly rare. Furthermore, data addressing optimal therapy is limited. Herein we present a case where an attempt to downsize the tumor to a resectable state with chemotherapy was employed.Case presentationA 32 year female presented with massive pericardial effusion and unresectable huge mediastinal mass. Computed axial tomography scan - guided biopsy with adjunctive immunostains and molecular studies confirmed a diagnosis of synovial sarcoma. Following three cycles of combination Ifosfamide and doxorubicin chemotherapy, no response was demonstrated. The patient refused further therapy and had progression of her disease 4 months following the last cycle.ConclusionSynovial sarcoma presenting with unresectable mediastinal mass carry a poor prognosis. Up to the best of our knowledge there are only four previous reports where primary chemotherapy was employed, unfortunately; none of these cases had subsequent complete surgical resection. Identification of the best treatment strategy for patients with unresectable disease is warranted. Our case can be of benefit to medical oncologists and thoracic surgeons who might be faced with this unique and exceedingly rare clinical scenario.

| S-EPMC3701506 | biostudies-literature

A unique case report of endobronchial cryptococcosis and review of the literature.

Project description:Cryptococcosis is an infection caused by the yeast-like fungus Cryptococcus neoformans. Pulmonary cryptococcosis is typically identified as a single mass or as multiple nodules, while endobronchial lesions are quite rare. Here we report an uncommon case of pulmonary cryptococcosis presenting as endobronchial lesion in an immunocompetent patient. A 49-year-old male patient complained of intermittent cough with hemoptysis for two years. Computerized tomography of the chest showed a filling defect in the basal segment of the right lower lobe bronchus. A flexible bronchoscopic examination revealed a white smooth-surfaced polypoid lesion completely occluding the medial basal segment of the right lower lobe bronchus. The diagnosis was confirmed by bronchial biopsy under bronchoscopy, and the histopathologic findings showed the organisms were Cryptococcal neoformans. The patient was treated with fluconazole at a dose of 400 mg daily. The endobronchial lesion was found rapidly diminished after 18 days of therapy, and disappeared after 6.5 months of therapy by repeated fiberoptic bronchoscopy. Then the patient continued fluconazole for another 2.5 months. During the total 16 months' follow-up visits, the patient repeated CT scanning for five times, the results of which were all normal. The patient's symptoms disappeared as well, and now he is still under follow-up. This case highlights the fact that pulmonary cryptococcosis can present as endobronchial lesions even in immunocompetent subjects, mimicking lung tumor. Pathological confirmation is important to establish the definite diagnosis.

| S-EPMC6174268 | biostudies-literature

Intralobar Pulmonary Sequestration Presenting as Hemothorax Secondary to Spontaneous Pneumothorax: Case Report and Literature Review

Project description:Introduction Patients with pulmonary sequestration (PS), a rare congenital lung malformation, are mostly asymptomatic. Recurrent localized infection is a major complication, while sudden hemothorax is extremely rare. We present a case of intralobar PS presenting as hemothorax secondary to spontaneous pneumothorax and comprehensively review the relevant literature. Case Report A 16-year-old male presented with chest pain after strenuous exercise. Chest X-ray showed a moderate pneumothorax. After admission and conservative treatment, he developed dizziness, amaurosis, and urinary incontinence. Bedside chest X-ray suggested a massive pleural effusion, and hemothorax was further identified via catheter drainage. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography was performed, and no abnormal blood vessels or leakage of contrast agent were observed. As the hemoglobin level continued to drop, exploratory thoracoscopic surgery was performed immediately. The abnormal systemic artery supplying the lung tissue was found to be ruptured; therefore, ligation of the abnormal artery with resection of the diseased lung tissue was performed. Pathological examination revealed non-specific manifestations of PS. He was followed up for 1 year without related complications. Conclusion Our case suggests that the abnormal supply vessels of PS are unstable, which may cause sudden hemothorax. Therefore, patients with PS should undergo surgery promptly after diagnosis. In patients with hemothorax, we should consider the diagnosis of PS; however, contrast-enhanced computed tomography or angiography cannot confirm the diagnosis in all cases. Surgical intervention is recommended in emergency settings.

| S-EPMC9279614 | biostudies-literature

Cardiomyopathy as presenting sign of glycogenin-1 deficiency-report of three cases and review of the literature.

Project description:We describe a new type of cardiomyopathy caused by a mutation in the glycogenin-1 gene (GYG1). Three unrelated male patients aged 34 to 52 years with cardiomyopathy and abnormal glycogen storage on endomyocardial biopsy were homozygous for the missense mutation p.Asp102His in GYG1. The mutated glycogenin-1 protein was expressed in cardiac tissue but had lost its ability to autoglucosylate as demonstrated by an in vitro assay and western blot analysis. It was therefore unable to form the primer for normal glycogen synthesis. Two of the patients showed similar patterns of heart dilatation, reduced ejection fraction and extensive late gadolinium enhancement on cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. These two patients were severely affected, necessitating cardiac transplantation. The cardiomyocyte storage material was characterized by large inclusions of periodic acid and Schiff positive material that was partly resistant to alpha-amylase treatment consistent with polyglucosan. The storage material had, unlike normal glycogen, a partly fibrillar structure by electron microscopy. None of the patients showed signs or symptoms of muscle weakness but a skeletal muscle biopsy in one case revealed muscle fibres with abnormal glycogen storage. Glycogenin-1 deficiency is known as a rare cause of skeletal muscle glycogen storage disease, usually without cardiomyopathy. We demonstrate that it may also be the cause of severe cardiomyopathy and cardiac failure without skeletal muscle weakness. GYG1 should be included in cardiomyopathy gene panels.

| S-EPMC5203857 | biostudies-literature

Treatment and molecular analysis of bullous pemphigoid with tofacitinib: a case report and review of current literature

Project description:Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is a rare, life-threatening autoimmune blistering disease with pruritus and tension blisters/bullous as the main clinical manifestations. Glucocorticosteroids are the main therapeutic agents for it, but their efficacy is poor in some patients. Tofacitinib, a small molecule agent that inhibits JAK1/3, has shown incredible efficacy in a wide range of autoimmune diseases and maybe a new valuable treatment option for refractory BP. To report a case of refractory BP successfully treated with tofacitinib, then explore the underlying mechanism behind the treatment, and finally review similarities to other cases reported in the literature. Case report and literature review of published cases of successful BP treatment with JAK inhibitors. The case report describes a 73-year-old male with refractory BP that was successfully managed with the combination therapy of tofacitinib and low-dose glucocorticoids for 28 weeks. Immunohistochemistry and RNA sequencing were performed to analyze the underlying mechanism of tofacitinib therapy. A systematic literature search was conducted to identify other cases of treatment with JAK inhibitors. Throughout the 28-week treatment period, the patient experienced clinical, autoantibody and histologic resolution. Immunohistochemical analysis showed tofacitinib significantly decreased the pSTAT3 and pSTAT6 levels in the skin lesions of this patient. RNA sequencing and immunohistochemical testing of lesion samples from other BP patients identified activation of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway. Literature review revealed 17 previously reported cases of BP treated with four kinds of JAK inhibitors successfully, including tofacitinib (10), baricitinib (1), upadacitinib (3) and abrocitinib (3). Our findings support the potential of tofacitinib as a safe and effective treatment option for BP. Larger studies are underway to better understand this efficacy and safety.

2024-11-13 | GSE278926 | GEO

Novel PRKAG2 variant presenting as liver cirrhosis: report of a family with 2 cases and review of literature.

Project description:BackgroundMutations in the PRKAG2 gene encoding the 5' Adenosine Monophosphate-Activated Protein Kinase (AMPK), specifically in its ?2 regulatory subunit, lead to Glycogen storage disease of heart, fetal congenital disorder (PRKAG2 syndrome). These mutations are rare, and their functional roles have not been fully elucidated. PRKAG2 syndrome is autosomal dominant disorder inherited with full penetrance. It is characterized by the accumulation of glycogen in the heart tissue, which is clinically manifested as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. There is little knowledge about the characteristics of this disease. This study reports a genetic defect in an Iranian family with liver problems using targeted-gene sequencing.Case presentationA 4-year-old girl presented with short stature, hepatomegaly, and liver cirrhosis. As there was no specific diagnosis made based on the laboratory data and liver biopsy results, targeted-gene sequencing (TGS) was performed to detect the molecular basis of the disease. It was confirmed that this patient carried a novel heterozygous variant in the PRKAG2 gene. The echocardiography was a normal.ConclusionA novel heterozygous variant c.592A?>?T (p.Met198Leu) expands the mutational spectrum of the PRKAG2 gene in this family. Also, liver damage in patients with PRKAG2 syndrome has never been reported, which deserves further discussion.

| S-EPMC7845137 | biostudies-literature

CT-guided percutaneous laser ablation of metastatic lung cancer: three cases report and literature review.

Project description:ObjectiveTo report the efficacy and safety of CT-guided percutaneous laser ablation (PLA) for metastatic lung tumors.MethodsThree cases of metastatic lung cancer underwent CT-guided PLA, and we searched for previously published articles on the minimally invasive CT-guided RFA or MWA for lung tumors in recent five years.ResultsWith the guidance of CT, all lesions had good prognosis under laser ablation. Case 1 suffering from severe pulmonary dysfunction and diffuse pulmonary bullae, had small pneumothorax. CT scan obtained four months following the ablation showed two lesions had complete responses and one partial response. Case 2 had successful complete response with absent lung mass, and also had a good postoperative condition without any discomfort in the two-month follow-up. Case 3 showed partial response and improved greatly after five months. 962 cases (mean age of 45.7 years, 62.2% male) of 1297 lung tumors with detailed information were identified from 27 articles. Of these cases, the minority manifested complications such as pneumothorax, hemoptysis, hemothorax, pneumonia, pain and fever.ConclusionsPercutaneous CT-guided PLA could be a safe and promising minimally invasive treatment for patients with primary lung cancer or unresectable pulmonary metastases, especially multineedle PLA in large tumors, which still needs more large-scale prospective studies to convince this method in the future.

| S-EPMC5356791 | biostudies-literature

Brucellosis Presenting as Cholecystitis: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Project description:Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease endemic to much of the world. It most often presents with nonspecific symptoms and is a well known cause of undulant fever. Focal forms occur less frequently, with osteoarticular complications being the most common. In this study, we describe a rare case of brucellosis presenting as cholecystitis.

| S-EPMC6765347 | biostudies-literature

Missed opportunities to identify cryptococcosis in COVID-19 patients: a case report and literature review.

Project description:SARS-CoV-2 may activate both innate and adaptive immune responses ultimately leading to a dysregulated immune response prompting the use of immunomodulatory therapy. Although viral pneumonia increases the risk of invasive fungal infections, it remains unclear whether SARS-CoV-2 infection, immunomodulatory therapy, or a combination of both are responsible for the increased recognition of opportunistic infections in COVID-19 patients. Cases of cryptococcosis have previously been reported following treatment with corticosteroids, interleukin (IL)-6 inhibitors, and Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors, for patients with autoimmune diseases, but their effect on the immunologic response in patients with COVID-19 remains unknown. Herein, we present the case of a patient with COVID-19 who received high-dose corticosteroids and was later found to have cryptococcosis despite no traditional risk factors. As our case and previous cases of cryptococcosis in patients with COVID-19 demonstrate, clinicians must be suspicious of cryptococcosis in COVID-19 patients who clinically deteriorate following treatment with immunomodulatory therapies.

| S-EPMC8771738 | biostudies-literature

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

OmicsDI is an Elixir interoperability service. Learn more ›

Tweets

OmicsDI Databases

PRIDE
PeptideAtlas
MassIVE
JPOST Repository
Physiome Model Repository

EGA
EVA
ENA
LINCS
PAXDB
Cell Collective

MetaboLights
Metabolomics Workbench
MetabolomeExpress
GNPS
BioModels
FAIRDOMHub

ArrayExpress
dbGaP
ExpressionAtlas
GEO
NODE

Information

Databases
Help
API
Contact us
Code on GitHub
Terms of use
Submit Data