Age identity, self-rated health, and life satisfaction among older adults in Dakar, Senegal.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Macia E
PROVIDER: S-EPMC5547411 | biostudies-other | 2012 Sep
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other
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Project description:Self-rated health (SRH) may have different implications in various social and cultural settings. However, few studies are available concerning SRH among older persons across countries. The aim of this study was to analyse whether there are cross-national differences in the association between status characteristics, several diseases common among older persons, activities of daily living (ADL), and SRH. The study base was the Comparison of Longitudinal European Studies on Aging (CLESA), which includes data from six population-based studies on aging conducted in Finland, Israel, Italy, The Netherlands, Spain and Sweden. The study population comprised 5,629 persons, with participants from all countries except Italy. Logistic regression analyses were used to assess the relationship between status characteristics, health conditions, ADL and SRH. To examine whether the association among status characteristics, health conditions, ADL and outcome differed across the CLESA countries, interaction terms defined as "variable*country" were considered separately for each variable. Regression analyses revealed that sex, education, lifetime occupation, heart disease and respiratory disease were differently distributed across countries. Among homogeneous factors, marital status (OR=1.21), hypertension (OR=1.41), stroke (OR=1.67), diabetes (OR=2.15), cancer (OR=1.47), musculoskeletal diseases (OR=2.44), and ADL (OR=2.72) turned out to be significantly associated with fair or poor SRH. The results indicate that there are differences in self-ratings of health across countries. These differences cannot be explained entirely by status characteristics, self-reported diseases or functional ability. However, an important finding was that in all countries most of the indicators of medical and functional health were homogeneously associated with SRH.
| S-EPMC5547684 | biostudies-other
Project description:Both self-rated health (SRH) and inflammation are implicated in chronic diseases and premature mortality. Better SRH is associated with lower proinflammatory cytokines, but there is little evidence about whether this relationship is more stable or dynamic.To study the between- and within-person associations between SRH and IL-6.Older adults (N=131; Mage=75 years) rated their health and provided blood samples for analysis of IL-6 at separate occasions every 6 months over a period up to 5 years. Age, sex, BMI, neuroticism, and statin use were examined as covariates in multilevel models.In bivariate models, better SRH, lower BMI, younger age, and female sex correlated with lower IL-6. In multilevel models, stable SRH (between-person differences; p<.001) but not dynamic SRH (within-person changes; p=.93) correlated with IL-6. The stable relationship persisted with demographic and health covariates in the model.Better stable SRH but not dynamic SRH was robustly associated with lower IL-6 among older adults, lending support to previous cross-sectional findings on the relation between inflammatory markers and SRH. The findings suggest that trait-like mechanisms, rather than changes over a time scale of 6-month waves, govern this association. To further investigate the mechanisms behind the SRH-IL-6 association, studies with different measurement frequencies, higher within-person variability, and experimental approaches are warranted.
| S-EPMC4828288 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Primary care services can play an important role in addressing health inequalities and challenges of population ageing. The aim of this study is to investigate whether the availability of local primary care services can support satisfaction with health services and self-rated health in older people. This study was based on a population-based cohort study, Understanding Society: the UK Household Longitudinal Study, focusing on people aged ≥ 50 at Wave 3 (2011-2013; N = 14498) and Wave 6 (2014-2016; N = 13025) in England. Locations of primary care services, including general practitioner (GP) practices and other community health services, were identified from National Health Service Digital and linked to residential areas of the study participants. Multilevel Poisson regression modelling was used to investigate the associations between the availability of local primary care services, satisfaction with health services and self-rated health adjusting for sociodemographic factors, deprivation and urban/rural settings. Participants who had more GP practices in local areas were less likely to report dissatisfaction with health services in Wave 3 (IRR: 0.67; 95% CI: 0.52, 0.85) and Wave 6 (IRR: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.59, 0.92). No associations with self-rated health were found in both waves. These associations were similar across deprivation levels and urban/rural settings. The results suggest that increasing availability of local primary care services may improve satisfaction but not health in older people. To optimise the supportive role of primary care services in healthy ageing, future research should identify complex needs of health and social care in older people and their experience of using the services.
| S-EPMC9152809 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by brief, recurrent disturbances in the normal electrical functions of the brain that result in seizures. Although epilepsy is closely related to wellbeing, much less is known about how life satisfaction and SRH are affected by epilepsy in a nationally representative sample from the United Kingdom. The current research aims to investigate the difference in life satisfaction and SRH between people with epilepsy and people without epilepsy by using an innovative train-and-test approach on data collected between 2009 and 2010 from 428 people with epilepsy and 39,024 healthy controls while taking demographics into account. The results showed that people with epilepsy have both poorer life satisfaction and SRH compared to the scores that would be predicted by their demographics. This study implies that both life satisfaction and SRH are valid measures of wellbeing in people with epilepsy. Health professionals may utilize findings from the current study to come up with ways that can benefit wellbeing of people with epilepsy.
| S-EPMC9888241 | biostudies-literature
Project description:IntroductionAlthough the relationship between mortality and self-rated health has been demonstrated in sub-Saharan Africa, information in this area is rudimentary. In Senegal, no study has been undertaken comparing self-rated health between urban and rural areas. The objective of this study is therefore to compare self-rated health and its main predictors in Dakar and in a rural isolated area, Tessekere municipality, taking into account socio-demographic and economic factors, social relations, as well as measures of physical and mental health.Material and methodsThis study was carried out in 2015 on a population sample of 1000 individuals living in Dakar and 500 individuals living in the municipality of Tessekere, constructed using the quota method. Self-rated health, health variables, psychosocial, sociodemographic and economic characteristics were collected during face-to-face interviews. Statistical analyses used were Chi-square tests and binary logistic regressions.ResultsResults show that self-rated health in Senegalese urban area (Dakar) is better than in rural area (Tessekere), but the determinants of self-rated health partly differ between these two environments. Age and gender play a fundamental role in self-rated health as much in Dakar as in Tessekere but diabetes and social support play a role in self-rated health only in urban environment, whereas economic well-being is associated to self-rated health only in rural area.ConclusionThe analyses carried out in these two environments show that despite the existence of common determinants (age, gender, stress), the determinants for formulating an answer to the question of self-rated health differ. People's social and cultural environments thus play a fundamental role in the process of rating one's health and, in the short and long term, in the mortality rate.
| S-EPMC5590920 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Polypharmacy is associated with poorer self-rated health (SRH). However, whether polypharmacy has an impact on the SRH progression is unknown. This study investigates the association of polypharmacy with SRH change in 1428 participants of the Berlin Initiative Study aged 70 years and older over four years. Polypharmacy was defined as the intake of ≥5 medications. Descriptive statistics of SRH-change categories stratified by polypharmacy status were reported. The association of polypharmacy with being in SRH change categories was assessed using multinomial regression analysis. At baseline, mean age was 79.1 (6.1) years, 54.0% were females, and prevalence of polypharmacy was 47.1%. Participants with polypharmacy were older and had more comorbidities compared to those without polypharmacy. Over four years, five SRH-change categories were identified. After covariate adjustment, individuals with polypharmacy had higher odds of being in the stable moderate category (OR 3.55; 95% CI [2.43-5.20]), stable low category (OR 3.32; 95% CI [1.65-6.70]), decline category (OR 1.87; 95% CI [1.34-2.62]), and improvement category (OR 2.01; [1.33-3.05]) compared to being in the stable high category independent of the number of comorbidities. Reducing polypharmacy could be an impactful strategy to foster favorable SRH progression in old age.
| S-EPMC10002126 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundLife satisfaction (LS) and self-rated health (SRH) are related with health outcomes. It is expected that these items are also related to healthy behaviors. Therefore, this study was conducted in order to find out the main determinants of LS and SRH in nationwide representative sample of Iranian children and adolescents.MethodsThis study was performed on 13,834 students aged 7-18 years who were selected by multistage, stratified cluster sampling method from 30 provinces of Iran. Life satisfaction and SRH were assessed through a questionnaire based on World Health Organization-Global School-based Student Health Survey protocols. Path analysis was applied to evaluate the relationships among the study variables using the structural modeling.ResultsLife satisfaction was directly affected by age (- 0.037 in boys & -0.028 in girls); sedentary time (0.055 in boys & 0.048 in girls); school satisfaction (0.249 in boys & 0.250 in girls); and well-being (0.186 in boys & 0.176 in girls). Self-rated health was directly affected by LS (0.28 in boys & girls) and school satisfaction (0.21 in boys & 0.22 in girls); and indirectly affected by age (- 0.046 in boys & -0.017 in girls); sedentary time (- 1.99 in boys & -0.145 in girls); family size (- 0.005 in boys & -0.014 in girls); and socio-economic status (0.015 in boys & 0.058 in girls).ConclusionsThis study indicated that school satisfaction had the greatest positive direct effect on both LS and SRH.
| S-EPMC8721968 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundAs more individuals survive sepsis, there is an urgent need to understand its effects on patient-reported outcomes.Research questionWhat is the effect of sepsis on self-rated health, and what role, if any, does functional disability play in mediating this effect?Study design and methodsWe conducted a survey- and administrative claims-based retrospective cohort study using the US Health and Retirement Study, a nationally representative cohort-based survey of older adults in the United States, from 2000 through 2016. We matched Medicare beneficiaries hospitalized with sepsis in 2000 to 2008 to nonhospitalized individuals. Self-rated health and functional disability were tracked biannually for 8 years. Differences in self-rated health between the cohorts were measured using mixed models with and without controlling for changes in functional disability.ResultsSeven hundred fifty-eight individuals with sepsis were matched 1:1 to 758 nonhospitalized individuals, all aged 65 years and older. Among survivors, sepsis was associated with worse self-rated health in years 2 and 4 (adjusted absolute difference in self-rated health on a 5-point scale in year 2: -0.24 [95% CI, -0.38 to -0.10] and year 4: -0.17 [95% CI, -0.33 to -0.02]) but not in years 6 or 8. After accounting for changes in functional status, the association between sepsis and self-rated health was still present but reduced in year 2 (adjusted absolute difference in self-rated health, -0.18 [95% CI, -0.31 to -0.05]) and was not present in years 4, 6, or 8.InterpretationSelf-rated health worsened initially after sepsis but returned to the level of that of nonhospitalized control subjects by year 6. Mitigating sepsis-related functional disability may play a key role in improving self-rated health after sepsis.
| S-EPMC7674979 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectivesThis article examines patterns of self-rated physical and mental health by sexual orientation among middle-aged and older adults in Canada, a rapidly growing subpopulation shown to be at risk of poor health.MethodWe use the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS 2015-2016) to estimate logit models predicting fair/poor self-rated physical and mental health by sexual orientation among middle-aged and older adults, stratifying by sex and age group.ResultsWe find no differences in physical health for gay men and lesbian women compared with their heterosexual counterparts. However, middle-aged gay men are disadvantaged in terms of mental health, but not women. Bisexual women are disadvantaged in terms of physical health, and for mental health in some model specifications. Respondents who did not know their sexual orientation have poorer health across some measures of health and age groups.DiscussionOur findings add to the paucity of research on older sexual minorities in Canada. They highlight the importance of separating out sexual minority groups because bisexual women have distinct health profiles. In addition, this is the first study to examine the health of respondents who "do not know" their sexual orientation, and future research should distinguish between different explanations for their poor health.
| S-EPMC7489081 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Underweight defined as body mass index (BMI) < 18.5 is associated with negative health and quality of life outcomes including mortality. Yet, little is known about the socioeconomic differentials in underweight and its association with health and well-being among older adults in India. This study examined the socioeconomic differentials in underweight among respondents aged ?50 in India. Consequently, three outcomes of the association of underweight were studied. These are poor self-rated health, cognition and quality of life.Cross-sectional data on 6,372 older adults derived from the first wave of the WHO's Study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE), a nationally representative survey conducted in six states of India during 2007-8, were used. Bivariate and multivariate regression analyses were applied to fulfil the objectives.The overall prevalence of underweight was 38 percent in the study population. Further, socioeconomic status showed a significant and negative association with underweight. The association of underweight with poor self-rated health (OR = 1.60; p < .001), cognition (? = -0.95; p < .001) and quality of life (? = -1.90; p < .001) were remained statistically significant after adjusting for age, sex, place of residence, marital status, years of schooling, wealth quintile, sleep problems, chronic diseases, low back pain and state/province.The results indicated significant socioeconomic differentials in underweight and its association with poor self-rated health, cognition and quality of life outcomes. Interventions focussing on underweight older adults are important to enhance the overall wellbeing of the growing older population in India.
| S-EPMC5841798 | biostudies-literature