Association between multiple sclerosis, cancer risk, and immunosuppressant treatment: a cohort study.
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Ragonese P
PROVIDER: S-EPMC5549380 | biostudies-other | 2017 Aug
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other
Similar Datasets
Project description:BackgroundA growing literature, mostly based on selected populations, indicates that traumas may be associated with autoimmune diseases, yet few studies exist on adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and multiple sclerosis (MS) in the general population.ObjectiveWe assessed cross-sectional associations between self-reported ACEs and MS among Icelandic women in the population-based Stress-And-Gene-Analysis (SAGA) cohort.MethodsParticipants (n = 27,870; mean age 44.9 years) answered a web-based survey that included the ACE-International Questionnaire and a question about MS diagnosis. Log-linear Poisson regression models estimated MS prevalence ratios and 95% confidence intervals for ACEs adjusted for covariates.Results214 women reported having been diagnosed with MS (crude prevalence = 7.7 per 1000). Compared to women without MS, women with MS reported more fatigue, body pain and bladder problems. The average cumulative number of ACEs was 2.1. After adjustment for age, education, childhood deprivation, smoking and depressive symptoms, MS prevalence did not increase with increasing ACEs exposure (PR = 1.00, 95% CI = 0.92, 1.09). Thirteen ACE categories, including abuse, neglect, household dysfunction and violence were not individually or independently associated with MS.ConclusionLimited by self-reported data and cross-sectional design, results do not consistently support associations between ACEs in the development of MS among adult Icelandic women.
| S-EPMC9688793 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundAllostatic load (AL) reflects the collective load of chronic stress during lifetime. Previous studies have shown that higher AL is associated with poor clinical outcomes among breast cancer patients. However, the relationship between AL and breast cancer risk is still unclear.MethodsTo fill the gap, we analyzed the association between AL and the development of breast cancer in 181,455 women identified from the UK Biobank.ResultsDuring the follow-up from 2006 to 2020, 5,701 women were diagnosed with incident breast cancer. Significantly higher AL was observed among incident breast cancer cases than all study participants (mean: 2.77 vs. 2.63, P < 0.01). Univariate Cox regression analysis indicated the risk of breast cancer was increased by 5% per one AL unit increase (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.05, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.04, 1.07). In multivariate analyses, after adjusting demographics, family history of breast cancer, reproductive factors, socioeconomic status, lifestyle factors, and breast cancer polygenic risk score (PRS), the significant association remained (HR = 1.05, 95%CI 1.03, 1.07). The significant relationship was further confirmed in the categorical analysis. Compared with women in the low AL group (AL: 0 ~ 2), those in the high AL group (AL: 3 ~ 11) had a 1.17-fold increased risk of breast cancer (HR = 1.17, 95%CI 1.11, 1.24). Finally, in the stratified analysis, joint effects on the risk of breast cancer were observed between the AL and selected known breast cancer risk factors, including age, family history of breast cancer, PRS, income, physical activity, and alcohol consumption.ConclusionIn summary, those findings have demonstrated that higher AL was associated with an increased breast cancer risk in women. This association is likely independent of known breast cancer risk factors. Thus, the AL could be a valuable biomarker to help breast cancer risk prediction and stratification.
| S-EPMC10729373 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveTo prospectively investigate the association between dietary sodium intake and multiple sclerosis (MS) risk.MethodsIn this cohort study, we assessed dietary sodium intake by a validated food frequency questionnaire administered every 4 years to 80,920 nurses in the Nurses' Health Study (NHS) (1984-2002) and to 94,511 in the Nurses' Health Study II (NHSII) (1991-2007), and calibrated it using data from a validation study. There were 479 new MS cases during follow-up. We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the effect of energy-adjusted dietary sodium on MS risk, adjusting also for age, latitude of residence at age 15, ancestry, body mass index at age 18, supplemental vitamin D intake, cigarette smoking, and total energy intake in each cohort. The results in both cohorts were pooled using fixed effects models.ResultsTotal dietary intake of sodium at baseline was not associated with MS risk (highest [medians: 3.2 g/d NHS; 3.5 g/d NHSII] vs lowest [medians: 2.5 g/d NHS; 2.8 g/d NHSII] quintile: HRpooled 0.98, 95% CI 0.74-1.30, p for trend = 0.75). Cumulative average sodium intake during follow-up was also not associated with MS risk (highest [medians: 3.3 g/d NHS; 3.4 g/d NHSII] vs lowest [medians: 2.7 g/d NHS; 2.8 g/d NHSII] quintile: HRpooled 1.02, 95% CI 0.76-1.37, p for trend = 0.76). Comparing more extreme sodium intake in deciles yielded similar results (p for trend = 0.95).ConclusionsOur findings suggest that higher dietary sodium intake does not increase the risk of developing MS.
| S-EPMC5649760 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BACKGROUND: Lung and upper aero-digestive tract (UADT) cancer risk are associated with low socioeconomic circumstances and routinely measured using area socioeconomic indices. We investigated effect of country of birth, marital status, one area deprivation measure and individual socioeconomic variables (economic activity, education, occupational social class, car ownership, household tenure) on risk associated with lung, UADT and all cancer combined (excluding non melanoma skin cancer). METHODS: We linked Scottish Longitudinal Study and Scottish Cancer Registry to follow 203,658 cohort members aged 15+ years from 1991-2006. Relative risks (RR) were calculated using Poisson regression models by sex offset for person-years of follow-up. RESULTS: 21,832 first primary tumours (including 3,505 lung, 1,206 UADT) were diagnosed. Regardless of cancer, economically inactivity (versus activity) was associated with increased risk (male: RR 1.14, 95% CI 1.10-1.18; female: RR 1.06, 95% CI 1.02-1.11). For lung cancer, area deprivation remained significant after full adjustment suggesting the area deprivation cannot be fully explained by individual variables. No or non degree qualification (versus degree) was associated with increased lung risk; likewise for UADT risk (females only). Occupational social class associations were most pronounced and elevated for UADT risk. No car access (versus ownership) was associated with increased risk (excluding all cancer risk, males). Renting (versus home ownership) was associated with increased lung cancer risk, UADT cancer risk (males only) and all cancer risk (females only). Regardless of cancer group, elevated risk was associated with no education and living in deprived areas. CONCLUSIONS: Different and independent socioeconomic variables are inversely associated with different cancer risks in both sexes; no one socioeconomic variable captures all aspects of socioeconomic circumstances or life course. Association of multiple socioeconomic variables is likely to reflect the complexity and multifaceted nature of deprivation as well as the various roles of these dimensions over the life course.
| S-EPMC3937337 | biostudies-other
Project description:Background Previous studies found that cancer survivors had a reduced risk of dementia compared with the general population. However, these findings were uncertain because of survivor bias and a lack of stratification by cancer types. This current cohort study used data from the UK Biobank to explore these associations. Methods Multivariable Cox regression analyses were used to examine the association of cancer status and the risk of dementia with its subtypes after adjusting for age and sex. Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated as a measure of relative risk by comparing observed dementia incidence among cancer patients. Results We included 263,151 participants in the observational analysis. During a median follow-up of 9.18 years, dementia was diagnosed in 472 individuals with cancer and 3685 individuals without cancer, respectively. Cancer patients had lower risks of dementia (hazard ratio: 0.89, confidence interval: 0.81–0.98) and its subtypes (Alzheimer’s disease [AD]: 0.85 [0.74–0.98]; vascular dementia [VD]: 0.81 [0.66–0.99]) in the Cox regression adjusted for age and sex. Individuals with cancers in the male genital system had substantially reduced risks of dementia (0.66 [0.46–0.93]) and AD (0.53 [0.29–0.97]) than those with cancers in other systems. Moreover, non-melanoma skin cancer and prostate cancer were associated with a reduced risk of dementia (0.79 [0.62–0.99]; 0.69 [0.49–0.97]), but not with AD or VD (P>0.05). Conclusions The current study supported a negative association between cancer and dementia risk, and encourages further exploration of the mechanistic basis of this inverse relationship to improve understanding. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13195-022-01090-9.
| S-EPMC9533604 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) and multiple sclerosis (MS) are both autoimmune inflammatory and demyelinating disorders of the central nervous system. Recently, more than 50 MS-susceptibility single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been detected outside the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) region. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the association of these identified non-MHC MS risk loci with Chinese patients with NMO. Thirty-five non-MHC SNPs were selected and genotyped by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) in 110 NMO patients and 332 controls from southeastern China. Among the 35 SNPs, only one, rs1800693 in the TNFRSF1A locus, was nominally associated with NMO (P = 0.045, OR = 1.550, 95% CI = 1.007-2.384). However, none of the 35 SNPs was associated with NMO after Bonferroni correction. Our results showed no association between these identified non-MHC MS risk loci and NMO, suggesting there are genetic differences in the etiology of NMO and MS.
| S-EPMC5562556 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BACKGROUND:The aim of this study was to explore the association between CD24?Ala/Val polymorphism and susceptibility of multiple sclerosis (MS). METHODS:A comprehensive literature search for relevant studies was performed on google scholar, PubMed, Web of science, Embase, the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure and the Chinese Biology Medicine. This meta-analysis was conducted using the STATA 11.0 software and the pooled odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was calculated. RESULTS:Seven case-control studies were included in this meta-analysis. The results showed significant association between CD24?Ala/Val polymorphism and susceptibility to MS. Stratified analysis by areas also showed significant association in Asians. However, no association was found in Europeans. CONCLUSION:This study suggested that the CD24 Val allele was associated with an increased risk of MS and larger-scale studies of populations are needed to explore the role of CD24?Ala/Val polymorphism during the pathogenesis of MS.
| S-EPMC7440312 | biostudies-literature
Project description:OBJECTIVE:Disease-modifying therapy (DMT) use in multiple sclerosis (MS) has increased significantly. However, the impact of DMTs on healthcare use is limited and conflicting, and rarely examined at a population level. This study examined the association between DMTs and healthcare utilisation at the population level. DESIGN:Retrospective cohort. SETTING:Health administrative data from Saskatchewan, Canada (1997-2016). PARTICIPANTS:To test for associations at the population level, we identified two cohorts. The general population cohort included all Saskatchewan residents ?18 years who were drug plan beneficiaries. The MS cohort included individuals ?18 years, identified using a validated definition (?3 hospital, physician or drug claims for MS). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES AND METHODS:To test for an association between the total number of DMT dispensations per year and the total number of hospitalisations we used negative binomial regression fitted with generalised estimating equations (GEE); only hospitalisations that occurred after the date of MS diagnosis (date of first claim for MS or demyelinating disease) were extracted. To test for an association between the number of DMT dispensations and physician claims, negative binomial distributions with GEE were fit as above. Results were reported as rate ratios (RR), with 95% CIs, and calculated for every 1000 DMT dispensations. RESULTS:The number of DMT dispensations was associated with a decreased risk for all-cause (RR=0.994; 95%?CI 0.992 to 0.996) and MS-specific (RR=0.909; 95%?CI 0.880 to 0.938) hospitalisations. The number of DMT dispensations was not associated with the number of all-cause (RR=1.006; 95%?CI 0.990 to 1.022) or MS-specific (RR=0.962; 95%?CI 0.910 to 1.016) physician claims. CONCLUSION:Increased DMT use in Saskatchewan was associated with a reduction in hospitalisations, but did not impact the number of physician services used. Additional research on cost-benefit and differing treatment strategies would provide further insight into the true impact of DMTs on healthcare utilisation at a population level.
| S-EPMC6887031 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Previous studies using different exposure methods to assess air pollution and breast cancer risk among primarily whites have been inconclusive. Air pollutant exposures of particulate matter and oxides of nitrogen were estimated by kriging (NOx , NO2 , PM10 , PM2.5 ), land use regression (LUR, NOx , NO2 ) and California Line Source Dispersion model (CALINE4, NOx , PM2.5 ) for 57,589 females from the Multiethnic Cohort, residing largely in Los Angeles County from recruitment (1993-1996) through 2010. Cox proportional hazards models were used to examine the associations between time-varying air pollution and breast cancer incidence adjusting for confounding factors. Stratified analyses were conducted by race/ethnicity and distance to major roads. Among all women, breast cancer risk was positively but not significantly associated with NOx (per 50 parts per billion [ppb]) and NO2 (per 20 ppb) determined by kriging and LUR and with PM2.5 and PM10 (per 10 μg/m3 ) determined by kriging. However, among women who lived within 500 m of major roads, significantly increased risks were observed with NOx (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.35, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 1.02-1.79), NO2 (HR = 1.44, 95% CI: 1.04-1.99), PM10 (HR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.07-1.55) and PM2.5 (HR = 1.85, 95% CI: 1.15-2.99) determined by kriging and NOx (HR = 1.21, 95% CI:1.01-1.45) and NO2 (HR = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.00-1.59) determined by LUR. No overall associations were observed with exposures assessed by CALINE4. Subgroup analyses suggested stronger associations of NOx and NO2 among African Americans and Japanese Americans. Further studies of multiethnic populations to confirm the effects of air pollution, particularly near-roadway exposures, on the risk of breast cancer is warranted.
| S-EPMC6765455 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveTo examine the risk of fracture in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) compared with population-based controls.MethodsA population-based cohort study was performed in the Dutch PHARMO Record Linkage System (1998-2008). Patients with MS (n = 2,415) were matched by year of birth, sex, and practice to up to 6 patients without MS (controls). We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) of fracture in MS. Time-dependent adjustments were made for age, history of disease, and drug use.ResultsDuring follow-up, there were 59 fractures among patients with MS (2.4%) and 227 fractures among controls (1.8%). Patients with MS had a 1.7-fold increased risk of osteoporotic fracture (HR 1.73 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.18-2.53]) and a 4-fold increased risk of hip fracture (HR 4.08 [95% CI 2.21-7.56]). The risk of osteoporotic fracture was significantly greater for patients with MS who had been prescribed antidepressants (HR 3.25 [95% CI 1.77-5.97]) or hypnotics/anxiolytics (HR 3.40 [95% CI 2.06-5.63]) in the previous 6 months, compared with controls.ConclusionsIncreased awareness of the risk of hip fracture is warranted in patients with MS, especially in those who have recently been prescribed antidepressants or hypnotics/anxiolytics.
| S-EPMC3369507 | biostudies-literature